[lg policy] bibitem: Language policy and planning: general constraints and pressures

[Harold Schiffman]

Language policy and planning: general constraints and pressures
- - Laurence Wright

On behalf of the English National Language Body of the Pan South
African Language
Board

Language policy and planning are among the many instruments available
for helping to
shape the character and direction of a society. It is very important
that their general
scope, origins, potential and limitations are properly understood in
order to make them
effective in a particular society, in this case, South Africa.

Language planning and language policy express particular efforts at
official social
intervention and control in the sphere of language. Normally the
direction and ambitions
of language policy and planning embody an economic and social vision.
In accord with
this vision, certain aspects of current language practice in society
are officially
challenged or curbed, others are sustained and affirmed. In general,
the aim of language
policy is to move language practice in directions deemed desirable by
those in power.
Usually such attempts are applied through legislative measures
(‘policy’) and allied
material provision (‘planning’) to different social and political
entities, such as geopolitical
regions, organized economic alliances, nations, provinces, industries, school
systems, government departments, businesses and so forth.

Language policy is the formal, often legally entrenched, expression of language
planning. Substantive language planning should precede the formulation
of policy in
order to ensure that policy is realistic.

more at: http://www.englishacademy.co.za/pansalb/lg%20policy.pdf

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