[Lingtyp] Terminology for grammatical morphemes that have to co-occur with other grammatical morphemes

Cat Butz Cat.Butz at hhu.de
Thu Mar 6 14:10:44 UTC 2025


Dear community,

I hope you're all doing well.

Let's say we have three grammatical morphemes: A, B, and C. Let's say 
they all modify verbs.

A occurs as the only modifier of a verb, but it also co-occurs with B.
B doesn't occur on its own, but always co-occurs with A or C.
C doesn't occur on its own, but always co-occurs with B.

So we have the following combos:

A-verb
B-A-verb
B-C-verb

Do you know any kind of terminology for describing this sort of 
interdependence of morphemes, where we have e.g. "independent" ones like 
A, "kind of dependent" ones like B, and "fully dependent" ones like C? 
Is there any literature on this?

Warmest,
-- 
Cat Butz (she)
HHU Düsseldorf
General Linguistics


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