[Lingtyp] Giver and recipient sharing the same marking, but the direct object is marked differently
Joshua Birchall
jbirchall at unm.edu
Fri Feb 20 14:58:13 UTC 2026
To follow up on what Spike mentioned, dative-ergative case syncretism is attested in various language families across the globe. Dorleijn (1996) discusses its development in Kurmanji Kurdish, and I believe it is often talked about as oblique case syncretism in Indo-Iranian linguistics (often restricted to certain tense or aspect-based constructions). The isolate language Puinave spoken in Colombia, also known as W??ns?j?t, shows this pattern as well, as discussed in Gir?n (2008).
Joshua Birchall
Assistant Professor
Department of Linguistics
University of New Mexico
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Today's Topics:
1. Re: Giver and recipient sharing the same marking, but the
direct object is marked differently (Spike Gildea)
2. Re: Giver and recipient sharing the same marking, but the
direct object is marked differently (Egor Kashkin)
3. Re: Giver and recipient sharing the same marking, but the
direct object is marked differently (Christoph Holz)
4. Re: ALT 16 registration is open (Johan van der Auwera)
5. Re: Giver and recipient sharing the same marking, but the
direct object is marked differently (Peter Arkadiev)
6. Tenured or tenure-track position at Otaru University of
Commerce (Japanese required) (JOO Ian)
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Message: 1
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2026 16:09:59 +0000
From: Spike Gildea <spike at uoregon.edu>
To: David Gil <dapiiiiit at gmail.com>, Pun Ho Lui <luiph001 at gmail.com>
Cc: "lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org"
<lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Giver and recipient sharing the same marking,
but the direct object is marked differently
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In at least 3 Cariban languages, the ergative case-marker/postposition is derived historically from the dative, so the two are isomorphic. If you include subordinate clause constructions, I would guess that this syncretism occurs in at least 15 languages. Here is a quick examples from Wayana (Taveres 2005: 441):
??????????????????????????????????[Erg] ????????[Rec]
?????? ? Kahulu ?????t?kal?i ???? Avina ja ??? Pintutu ja.
???????????kahulu ?????t-?kal?-he avina ja ????pintutu ja
?????? beads T-give.O-He Avina Erg Pintutu Dat?????
???????Avina gave the beads to Pintutu.?
Best,
Spike
From: Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of David Gil via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
Date: Thursday, February 19, 2026 at 1:59?AM
To: Pun Ho Lui <luiph001 at gmail.com>
Cc: lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Giver and recipient sharing the same marking, but the direct object is marked differently
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Hi,
In Riau Indonesian, sama may optionally occur on either the agent or the recipient, though not the theme, of (unmarked) 'give'. However, I've never observed it to occur on both agent and recipient in the same sentence.
David
Gil, David (2004) "Riau Indonesian sama, Explorations in Macrofunctionality", in M. Haspelmath ed., Coordinating Constructions, Typological Studies in Language 58, John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 371-424.
On Thu, Feb 19, 2026 at 2:12?PM Pun Ho Lui via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>> wrote:
Dear linguists,
I am wondering if there is any case where in the ditransitive ?give? construction, the agent (giver) and recipient are marked by the same item, but the theme (or direct object) is marked differently, e.g.:
1SG-NOM give 2SG-NOM pen
?I gave you a pen.?
This pattern does not fit well in the conceptual space for core arguments (Croft 2001), so I expect it is not very common across languages.
Thank you.
Warmest,
Pun Ho Lui Joe
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David Gil
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Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
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Message: 2
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2026 19:22:50 +0300
From: Egor Kashkin <egorka1988 at gmail.com>
To: Pun Ho Lui <luiph001 at gmail.com>
Cc: lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Giver and recipient sharing the same marking,
but the direct object is marked differently
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<CALKwh=iryRTmiBWzanrqu4pFOJ2a9jhKLH33a6sG12QT3xmJ3Q at mail.gmail.com>
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Dear Pun Ho Lui,
This construction is attested in the Ob-Ugric languages under certain
information-structural conditions, see e.g.:
Northern Khanty
(ma) (Juwan) ?n-na ma-s-em/*ma-s-?m
I Juwan cup-LOC give-PST-SG.1SG / give-PST-1SG
A + R = TOP [SOC]
?I gave John a cup.? (Nikolaeva 2001: 32?35)
The recipient should be a noun (it cannot take accusative), whereas
pronouns require accusative marking in this position.
For the details, see e.g. Sip?cz Katalin. Ditransitivity in the
Ob-Ugric languages. In: Congressus Duodecimus Internationalis
Fenno-Ugristarum, Oulu 2015: Plenary Papers. University of Oulu, Oulu,
Finnorsz?g, pp. 133-159 -- and the references in the article.
https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpublicatio.bibl.u-szeged.hu%2F6426%2F1%2FSipocz_CIFU12.pdf&data=05%7C02%7Cjbirchall%40unm.edu%7C9454ae74f8cd4d589d4f08de7077bbcc%7C25aa9830e0f9482b897e1a3b3c855e5c%7C0%7C0%7C639071858727814635%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=g9UlvrCX1B9mm5wr4ZI2vXZGQUAB3HF%2Bs4aOPmOmZ3Y%3D&reserved=0<https://publicatio.bibl.u-szeged.hu/6426/1/Sipocz_CIFU12.pdf>
Best,
Egor
??, 19 ????. 2026??. ? 08:12, Pun Ho Lui via Lingtyp
<lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>:
>
> Dear linguists,
>
> I am wondering if there is any case where in the ditransitive ?give? construction, the agent (giver) and recipient are marked by the same item, but the theme (or direct object) is marked differently, e.g.:
>
> 1SG-NOM give 2SG-NOM pen
> ?I gave you a pen.?
>
> This pattern does not fit well in the conceptual space for core arguments (Croft 2001), so I expect it is not very common across languages.
>
> Thank you.
>
> Warmest,
> Pun Ho Lui Joe
>
>
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Message: 3
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2026 18:24:32 +0100
From: Christoph Holz <christoph.holz at cqumail.com>
To: Spike Gildea <spike at uoregon.edu>
Cc: David Gil <dapiiiiit at gmail.com>, Pun Ho Lui <luiph001 at gmail.com>,
"lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org"
<lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Giver and recipient sharing the same marking,
but the direct object is marked differently
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Dear Pun Ho Lui Joe,
Maybe this one also counts: In Tiang (Oceanic, Papua New Guinea), giver and
recipient are core arguments and are marked identically (zero), while the
theme is a peripheral argument and is introduced by the preposition *p?*
?with?:
[*imam*]giver *u? tauai* [*n?*]recipient
[*p?
ni*]theme
1PL.EXCL PST give 2SG with
coconut
?We gave you a coconut.?
(There is also another verb for ?give?, *lis*, where giver and theme are
core arguments and zero-marked, while the recipient is a peripheral
argument marked with the preposition *si*.)
See p. 140 in:
Holz, Christoph. 2023. *A comprehensive grammar of Tiang*. Cairns: Central
Queensland University dissertation.
Best wishes
Christoph
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On Thu, 19 Feb 2026 at 17:10, Spike Gildea via Lingtyp <
lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org> wrote:
> In at least 3 Cariban languages, the ergative case-marker/postposition is
> derived historically from the dative, so the two are isomorphic. If you
> include subordinate clause constructions, I would guess that this
> syncretism occurs in at least 15 languages. Here is a quick examples from
> Wayana (Taveres 2005: 441):
>
> [Erg] [Rec]
>
> Kahulu t?kal?i Avina ja Pintutu ja.
>
> kahulu t-?kal?-he avina ja pintutu ja
>
> beads T-give.O-He Avina Erg Pintutu Dat
>
> ?Avina gave the beads to Pintutu.?
>
> Best,
> Spike
>
>
> *From: *Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of
> David Gil via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
> *Date: *Thursday, February 19, 2026 at 1:59?AM
> *To: *Pun Ho Lui <luiph001 at gmail.com>
> *Cc: *lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> >
> *Subject: *Re: [Lingtyp] Giver and recipient sharing the same marking,
> but the direct object is marked differently
>
> This message originated outside the UO email ecosystem.
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>
> Hi,
>
>
>
> In Riau Indonesian, *sama* may optionally occur on either the agent or
> the recipient, though not the theme, of (unmarked) 'give'. However, I've
> never observed it to occur on both agent and recipient in the same sentence.
>
>
>
> David
>
>
>
> Gil, David (2004) "Riau Indonesian *sama*, Explorations in
> Macrofunctionality", in M. Haspelmath ed., *Coordinating Constructions*,
> Typological Studies in Language 58, John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 371-424.
>
>
> On Thu, Feb 19, 2026 at 2:12?PM Pun Ho Lui via Lingtyp <
> lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org> wrote:
>
> Dear linguists,
>
> I am wondering if there is any case where in the ditransitive ?give?
> construction, the agent (giver) and recipient are marked by the same item,
> but the theme (or direct object) is marked differently, e.g.:
>
> 1SG-NOM give 2SG-NOM pen
> ?I gave you a pen.?
>
> This pattern does not fit well in the conceptual space for core arguments
> (Croft 2001), so I expect it is not very common across languages.
>
> Thank you.
>
> Warmest,
> Pun Ho Lui Joe
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Lingtyp mailing list
> Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
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>
>
>
> --
>
> David Gil
>
> Senior Scientist (Associate)
> Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
> Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
> Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
>
> Email: dapiiiiit at gmail.com
> Mobile Phone (Israel): +972-526117713
> Mobile Phone (Indonesia): +62-082113720302
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Lingtyp mailing list
> Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
>
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>
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------------------------------
Message: 4
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2026 17:29:16 +0000
From: Johan van der Auwera <johan.vanderauwera at uantwerpen.be>
To: "LINGTYP at LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG"
<lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>, Nina Dobrushina
<nina.dobrushina at gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] ALT 16 registration is open
Message-ID:
<AM0PR05MB1240301C2254A3EF3FD445782956BA at AM0PR05MB12403.eurprd05.prod.outlook.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="windows-1252"
Nina,
I hope that 2026 started well over there - and wherever Misha and the kids are.
One question: do you know which day the conference dinner will be?
Johan
________________________________
Van: Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org> namens Nina Dobrushina via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
Verzonden: vrijdag 13 februari 2026 17:14
Aan: LINGTYP at LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
Onderwerp: [Lingtyp] ALT 16 registration is open
CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe.
[Apologies for cross-postings]
Dear colleagues,
We are pleased to announce that registration for the 16th biannual conference of the Association of Linguistic Typology, to be held in Lyon, France, from 01-03 July 2026 (with a day of teach-ins on 30 June) is open at this link: https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Falt-2026.sciencesconf.org%2Fresource%2Fpage%2Fid%2F14&data=05%7C02%7Cjbirchall%40unm.edu%7C9454ae74f8cd4d589d4f08de7077bbcc%7C25aa9830e0f9482b897e1a3b3c855e5c%7C0%7C0%7C639071858728579747%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=PYIJJUzXzjKTCrPGDHTIr6ryiphqzHQQXq%2BRQHULWUk%3D&reserved=0<https://alt-2026.sciencesconf.org/resource/page/id/14>. The list of accepted abstracts is available here: https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Falt-2026.sciencesconf.org%2Fdata%2Fpages%2FALT2026_accepted_contributions.pdf&data=05%7C02%7Cjbirchall%40unm.edu%7C9454ae74f8cd4d589d4f08de7077bbcc%7C25aa9830e0f9482b897e1a3b3c855e5c%7C0%7C0%7C639071858728601012%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=RxaVF56eD%2F%2BF8w%2BstK1cM3ubq6j3yPFh8z6Jl93uRbk%3D&reserved=0<https://alt-2026.sciencesconf.org/data/pages/ALT2026_accepted_contributions.pdf>.
Early Bird registration will be available until 1 April, and full-rate registration for on-site attendance will continue until 15 June, with registration for online participation open until 22 June. Please note that a part of the registration fee is allocated to conference-related activities of ALT, such as stipends for participants with lower income and the plenary talks of award-winners; for more information, see the ALT website: https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Flinguistic-typology.org%2Fmembership%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cjbirchall%40unm.edu%7C9454ae74f8cd4d589d4f08de7077bbcc%7C25aa9830e0f9482b897e1a3b3c855e5c%7C0%7C0%7C639071858728623586%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=ld8vo%2FKxHvgWworbBJPuGWhWns98tnJiS5%2F%2FezSxK3w%3D&reserved=0<https://linguistic-typology.org/membership/>.
Although participation in the full-day teach-ins (see list here: https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Falt-2026.sciencesconf.org%2Fresource%2Fpage%2Fid%2F5&data=05%7C02%7Cjbirchall%40unm.edu%7C9454ae74f8cd4d589d4f08de7077bbcc%7C25aa9830e0f9482b897e1a3b3c855e5c%7C0%7C0%7C639071858728643786%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=oUOBjndrLtHMPjBwmj5pwUUJHBRILIUBzDN9NvC0uwo%3D&reserved=0)<https://alt-2026.sciencesconf.org/resource/page/id/5> is for free, registration is required for organizational purposes. Coffee breaks will be provided, but lunch will be at participants? expense.
In case of further questions, please do not hesitate to contact us.
The Organization Committee
alt-2026 at sciencesconf.org<mailto:alt-2026 at sciencesconf.org>
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------------------------------
Message: 5
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2026 20:43:31 +0300
From: Peter Arkadiev <peterarkadiev at yandex.ru>
To: Pun Ho Lui <luiph001 at gmail.com>, Linguistic Typology
<lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Giver and recipient sharing the same marking,
but the direct object is marked differently
Message-ID: <50251771521754 at mail.yandex.ru>
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------------------------------
Message: 6
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2026 04:43:00 +0000
From: JOO Ian <joo at res.otaru-uc.ac.jp>
To: Lingtyp_Linguist List <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
Subject: [Lingtyp] Tenured or tenure-track position at Otaru
University of Commerce (Japanese required)
Message-ID:
<TYCP286MB2002A18F713BF8E3CD0955C98468A at TYCP286MB2002.JPNP286.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
Dear typlogists,
My university, Otaru University of Commerce (Otaru, Japan) is hiring a tenured or tenure-track associate/assistant professor who can speak Japanese and teach English courses. Although I?m not part of the recruitment committee, I would like to personally recommend my institution as your potential destination. Please find below the advertisement (in Japanese).
https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.otaru-uc.ac.jp%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2026%2F02%2F20260401_CGSglocal.pdf&data=05%7C02%7Cjbirchall%40unm.edu%7C9454ae74f8cd4d589d4f08de7077bbcc%7C25aa9830e0f9482b897e1a3b3c855e5c%7C0%7C0%7C639071858728705082%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=orQOBFbeRei94gWWtsV%2FKuTtJz38XfkxhiySa1XZZ%2FE%3D&reserved=0<https://www.otaru-uc.ac.jp/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/20260401_CGSglocal.pdf>
Although the position involves teaching English, it is the general norm in Japan for linguists to teach English or other foreign languages and do research on linguistics, as it is for me as well.
I can?t answer any questions about this position specifically as I am not involved in the hiring process, but I would be happy to answer your questions about my own career or life in Otaru.
Regards,
Ian
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
????
JOO, IAN
???
Associate Professor
??????
Otaru University of Commerce
? ianjoo.github.io<https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fianjoo.github.io%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cjbirchall%40unm.edu%7C9454ae74f8cd4d589d4f08de7077bbcc%7C25aa9830e0f9482b897e1a3b3c855e5c%7C0%7C0%7C639071858728727380%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=bjj4MfcO7FgSPAZApsuBUAYkjqnNQIC66q5ze6rs1Lo%3D&reserved=0<http://ianjoo.github.io/>>
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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