13.591, Qs: Unicode & Tones, Communicative Lang Teaching

Mon Mar 4 15:48:50 UTC 2002

LINGUIST List:  Vol-13-591. Mon Mar 4 2002. ISSN: 1068-4875.

Subject: 13.591, Qs: Unicode & Tones, Communicative Lang Teaching

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1)
Date:  Mon, 4 Mar 2002 16:03:23 +0100
From:  "Musgrave, S." <S.Musgrave at let.leidenuniv.nl>
Subject:  Query re Unicode and tone languages

2)
Date:  Sun, 3 Mar 2002 13:41:49 +0800
From:  "jinys" <jinys at nwnu.edu.cn>
Subject:  Re: Communicative Lang Teaching

-------------------------------- Message 1 -------------------------------

Date:  Mon, 4 Mar 2002 16:03:23 +0100
From:  "Musgrave, S." <S.Musgrave at let.leidenuniv.nl>
Subject:  Query re Unicode and tone languages

In developing a typological database which will include text data from
numerous languages, we have encountered a problem with the
representation of tone using Unicode fonts (we are using Lucida Sans
Unicode in our application). The Unicode standard includes two
diacritics which can be used to represent contour tones, those
normally used for HL and LH contours. But many languages have more
contour tones than these two: for example, Ngiti has three tone levels
and all combinations of levels allowed in one contour tone: HM, HL,
LH, LM, MH, ML. In principle it should be possible to combine more
than one diacritic with a text character in a Unicode font, and
therefore (if the font in question includes the full diacritic set) it
should be possible to provide diacritics for all contour
tones. However, our attempts suggest that this method is not workable
because the positioning of diacritics cannot be controlled finely
enough. That is, the various diacritics tend to be positioned on top
of one another, rather than beside each other. Our first question then
is:

1) has anyone else had more success in producing diacritics for
contour tones using the Unicode standard, and if so, what technique
was used?

If no satisfactory answers to this question emerge, we intend to
explore the possibility of creating a set of contour tone diacritics
for inclusion in Unicode, either as a part of the user-defined area
which the standard makes available, or (preferably) as a part of the
defined standard encoding. To this end, we also seek answers to a
second question:

2) what range of contour tones have been reported for the languages of
the world?

We will post a summary of responses to the list.

Simon Musgrave
Spinoza Program Lexicon and Syntax (SPLS)
University of Leiden

-------------------------------- Message 2 -------------------------------

Date:  Sun, 3 Mar 2002 13:41:49 +0800
From:  "jinys" <jinys at nwnu.edu.cn>
Subject:  Re: Communicative Lang Teaching

Re LINGUIST 13.423
Subject: Qs: Communicative Lang Teaching

Dear Linguists,

After 2 weeks of scholars' warm help and myself searching, Interneting,
my research
    (the controversies between the criticisers and the proponents of
    Krashen and the communicative
    language teaching.  It seems to me that these
    controversies must be solved before Applied Linguistics can hope
    to make any progress)
still badly needs  20 articles  to complete.  My view, though
new, has found indirect support from cognitive linguistics. Could any
scholar please give me a big warm hand and help me quickly over this
crisis.

At my university's library, teachers have free electronic access to
aricles in all Chinese academic journals but no access to Western
journals, and  researchers like me are  left to solve this problem
themselves.

If possible, the articles (txt, doc, html or pdf)  could be scanned into
a computer with an OCR scanner, compressed into zip files and sent as
email attachments. Max size for  each email could be  500  kilobytes.

These articles are chosen from:
http://privatewww.essex.ac.uk/~vcook/slabib.html
    (a comprehensive SLA bibliography 1920-1998,
    _in alphabetical order of authors' names)
http://www.deil.uiuc.edu/academicprogram/ComprehensiveExams/389.html     (new)

Alan Pulverness, ELT consultant, of Norwich Institute of Education,
UK, sent me in all 8 articles, some crucial to my research, by using his
University's library or purchasing.

Dr. Stuart Stewart, Assistant Professor of Spanish, Southeastern
Louisiana University was kind to send me 3 articles.

I've emailed both, thanking them for their warm and timely help.

Sincere thanks for warmest help!
Yu-shi Jin
Professor, retired
Northwest Normal University
Email  <jinys at nwnu.edu.cn>

           The  20 Articles  needed to complete my research

                       1.       Articles in Journals
   Hyltenstam, K. & Abrahamsson, N. (2001). Age and L2 learning:The
hazards of matching practical 'implications' with theoretical 'facts.'
  TESOL Quarterly, 35, 151-170.

   Marinova-Todd, S., Marshall, D. & Snow, C. (2000).
Three misconceptions about age and L2 learning.
  TESOL Quarterly, 34, 9-34.

   Marinova-Todd, S., Marshall, D. & Snow, C. (2001).
Missing the point:   A response to Hyltenstam and Abrahamsson.
  TESOL Quarterly, 35,171-176.

   Nikolov, M. (2000).   The critical period hypothesis reconsidered:
 Successful adult learners of Hungarian and English.
  IRAL, 38, 109-124.

   Spada, N. & Lightbown, P. (1999).     Instruction, first language
influence, and developmental readiness in second language acquisition.
  Modern Language Journal, 83, 1-22.

   James, C. (1994).    Don't shoot my dodo: On the resilience of
contrastive and error analysis.     IRAL, 32, 179-200.

   Pica, T. (1994).    Review article: Research on negotiation:
What does it reveal about second-language learning conditions,
processes, and outcomes?         Language Learning, 44, 493-527.

   Yu, L. (1996).    The role of L1 in the acquisition
of motion verbs in English by Chinese and Japanese learners.
  Canadian Modern Language Review, 53, 191-218.

=====================
                         2.     TESOL QUARTERLY

   Mills, Douglas,    Web-Based Technology as a Resource for
Form-Focused Language Learning,     Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 603-615.

   Warschauer, Mark,    The Changing Global Economy and the
Future of  English Teaching,    Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 511-535.

   Warschauer, Mark, and Kern, Richard,     Network-Based
Language Teaching:   Concepts and Practice (Leo van Lier),
Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 617-625.

   Sharkey, Judy, and Layzer, Carolyn,      Whose Definition
of Success?  Identifying Factors That Affect English Language
Learners' Access to Academic Success and Resources,
Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 352-368.

   Egbert, Joy, and Hanson-Smith, Elizabeth (Eds.),   CALL
Environments: Research, Practice, and Critical Issues (Leo van Lier),
Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 617-625.

   Conrad, Susan,      Will Corpus Linguistics Revolutionize
Grammar Teaching  in the 21st Century?,
Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 548-560.

=========================
                       3.      Articles in Books
   Long, M. & Robinson, P. (1998).
Focus on form: Theory, research and practice.
  In C. Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.),
Focus on form in second language acquisition. Cambridge: CUP.

   McLaughlin, B. (1998).   Second language learning revisited:
The psycholinguistic perspective.
 In A. Healy & L. Bourne (Eds.), Foreign language learning:
 Psycholinguistic studies on training and retention (pp. 399-411).
 Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

   Swain, M. (1995).    Three functions of output in second
language learning.      In G. Cook & B. Seidlhofer (Eds.), Principle
and practice in Applied Linguistics: Studies in honour of
H.G. Widdowson (pp.125-144).  Oxford: OUP.

  Schmidt,  R.(1995).  Consciousness  and foreign language  learning:
A tutorial  on  the  role  of attention and awareness in learning.
 In R.Schmidt  (Ed.),Attention  and awareness in foreign language
learning (pp. 163).   Honolulu: Uni-versity of Hawaii Press

   Bley-Vroman, R. (1989).  What is the logical problem of foreign
language learning?      In S. Gass & J. Schachter (Eds.), Linguistic
perspectives on second language acquisition (pp. 41-68).
 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  Roberts,  J.T.  &  Hardern,  T.  (1997),
Native or non-native speaker teachers of foreign languages?
Old and new perspectives on the debate,     TEANGA:
The Irish Yearbook of Applied Linguistics, 17, IRAAL, 1-27

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