23.2171, Books: Darai Grammar: Dhakal

Fri May 4 23:17:24 UTC 2012

LINGUIST List: Vol-23-2171. Fri May 04 2012. ISSN: 1069 - 4875.

Subject: 23.2171, Books: Darai Grammar: Dhakal

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Date: Fri, 04 May 2012 19:17:16
From: Ulrich Lueders [lincom.europa at t-online.de]
Subject: Darai Grammar: Dhakal

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Title: Darai Grammar 
Series Title: Languages of the World/Materials 489  

Publication Year: 2012 
Publisher: Lincom GmbH
	   http://www.lincom-shop.eu

Author: Dubi Nanda Dhakal

Paperback: ISBN:  9783862883103 Pages: 216 Price: Europe EURO 65.80

Abstract:

This grammar is a description of Darai, an Indo-Aryan language, which was 
not adequately described before. The genetic classification of this language 
has not been determined yet but proposed as an eastern Indo-Aryan 
language. It is a language spoken by 10210 people in the Chitwan, 
Nawalparasi and Tanahun districts of central and western Nepal. The Darai 
people residing in Nayabeltari and Gaindakot Village Development 
Committees (VDCs) in Nawalparasi and Gajarkot in Tanahu no longer speak 
their ancestral language. The data for this grammar came largely from the 
natural texts. The text corpus was mainly obtained from the language 
consultants who were the inhabitants of Kathar, Chainpur, Mangalpur VDCs 
and Bharatpur municipality of the Chitwan district. 

Synchronic description of phonology is given in chapter two. Darai has 29 
consonants and 6 vowels. This chapter examines the vowels and 
consonants, their distribution, consonant clusters, syllable structure and 
morphophonology. Chapter three discusses the morphology. Nouns inflect for 
number, pronominal possessive marking, indefinite marking and cases. The 
pronominal possessive suffixes are used to mark the kinship relations as well 
as ownership. The indefinite marker attached to noun is also an interesting 
feature. Darai is characterized as a split ergative language which is based on 
nominal hierarchy. The semantic categories and functions of adjectives are 
also analyzed in this chapter. In addition to tense, aspect and mood, Darai 
verbs are characterized by modality marking such as obligation, possibility, 
inference, mirativity, hearsay, frustative and dubitative. A Darai bitransitive 
verb may cross-reference both the actor and patient. Verb agreement is also 
triggered by number, gender, case, honorificity as well as pragmatic features. 
Verb agreement due to focus hierarchy is a striking feature characterized 
Darai. Different kinds of adverbs are also dealt with in this chapter. This 
chapter also analyzes the word classes such as clitic, particles, 
onomatopoeia and echo words. Some native Darai particles are widely used 
in natural discourse despite the influences from neighboring languages in 
lexicon. Chapter 4 deals with syntax. This chapter first of all presents the 
word order. This chapter also discusses the simple sentence in Darai in 
addition to the modifications of simple sentences. This chapter discusses the 
clause combining, such as complement clauses, relative clauses and 
adverbial clauses. Clause combining is productive because of 
morphosyntactic evidences seen in Darai grammar. The grammatical features 
exhibit that Darai may be classified as an 'eastern' Indo-Aryan language 
closely related to Maithili, Bhojpuri and Majhi. 

Linguistic Field(s): Indo-Aryan Linguistics
                     Typology

Subject Language(s): Darai (dry)

Written In: English  (eng)

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