LL-L: "Etymology" [E/LS] LOWLANDS-L, 19.MAY.1999 (06)

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From: Richard L Turner <fr.andreas at juno.com>
Subject: Etymology

Hello.

It is common to hear castrated pigs referred to as "barrows" in East
Tennessee. It is listed as the third sense in the "Funk & Wagnall's
Practical Standard Dictionary", copyright 1922. So does "The American
Heritage Dictionary", copyright 1976, which further relates it to "bher"
(Indo-European), in its second sense, "to cut or to pierce". The
AngloSaxon word for "castrated pig" is "barg". Bear is said by that same
source to result from "bher" in its third sense, "bright, brown", hence
also "bruin", bear.

Interestingly enough, in Funk & Wagnall's the second definition of the
third sense of "barrow" is "a badger"("bher" also becoming "brock", from
its burrowing?). "Badger" might also come from "bher", "brown animal",
like "bear" and "beaver".

Male bears are called "boars" and female "sows" and the offspring "cubs".

Yours,
+Fr Andreas Richard Turner.

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From: Clara Kramer <101477.2611 at compuserve.com>
Subject: Etymology

Lebe Reinhard!

Will Di gau op Dien Anfroog wegen dat Wuurt kandidel antern, so good as ik
dat weet. <Em geiht dat kandidel> seggt so veel as, em geiht dat bannig
good, he is vergneugt. Oeberkandidelt heet bi uns in Olland so veel as < Se
billt sik wat in, hett sik oeberkandidelt utstaffeert. Mien Mamma sä ok:
"Kiek di de bloots mol an, woans de sik warrer opstrofuxt hett, de is jo
wull totol oeberkandidelt. De schall man oppassen, dat se sik nich op 'n
Slips peddt". Blied stuuf ik anners in. Wenn wat scheun is, denn is dat
blied. In mien Riemel <De Feldblomenstruß> schrief ik, as ik dat Kuurnfeld
mit roden Mohn un blaue Kuurnblomen sehn hebb: <"Kann 't nich vergeten,
wüür so blied". Is wat Scheunet ween, deshalb hebb ik blied schreben.

Vilicht kunn ik Di jo ok mool helpen. Mit lebe Greuten blief ik Dien

Tant Clara

PS.
Mi fallt jüst noch in dat Klaus Groth in sien Riemel <Lütt Matten de Hoos>
ok dat Wuurt kandidel bruukt,-De Kreih de speelt Fidel, denn geiht dat
kandidel>. Ok de wüürn vergneugt.

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From: R. F. Hahn
Subject: Etymology

[The following is in Low Saxon (Low German) and English.]

Clara Kramer-Freudenthal schreev:

"Oeberkandidelt heet bi uns in Olland so veel as < Se
billt sik wat in, hett sik oeberkandidelt utstaffeert. Mien Mamma sä ok:
"Kiek di de bloots mol an, woans de sik warrer opstrofuxt hett, de is jo
wull totol oeberkandidelt. De schall man oppassen, dat se sik nich op 'n
Slips peddt". "

Leve Tant Clara,

Ja, liek so bruuk ik dat Woort ,,überkandidelt'' ok up Missingsch.  Ik harr
,,överkandidelt'' in't Wöörbook vun Wolfgang Lindow nakeken, un daar staht de
düütschen Glossen ,,überspannt'', ,,übergeschnappt'', ,,verrückt''.  Ja,
,,übergeschnappt'' is schients 'n good Gloss, aver's ,,eingebildet'' schull ok
daarbi wesen.  Ik glööv', dat orginale, ole Bedüden was ,,to vergnöögt'',
vunwegen dat Bedüden vun dat Woort ,,kandidel''.

Ja, ,,vergnöögt'' is 'n beter Alternativ' för ,,kandidel''!  Daar hebbt Se 'n
beter Woort för funnen as ,,blied''.

Summary:
Ms. Kramer-Freudenthal points out that in her dialect ,,överkandidelt'' denotes
something like 'full of oneself', 'carried away' (in the sense of excessive
ambition and arrogance).  This is also how I know ,,überkandidelt'' to be used
in Missingsch.  I assume that the original meaning was something like
'excessively chipper' or 'excessively confident', due to the meaning of the word
_kandidel_ 'chipper'.

I suppose in some circles too much happiness and ambition are perceived as
excessive pride, i.e., as something negative, probably especially in the past.
This might explain the shift in meaning.

Reinhard/Ron

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