LL-L: "Etymology" LOWLANDS-L, 09.MAR.2001 (02) [E]

[Lowlands-L]

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L O W L A N D S - L * 09.MAR.2001 (02) * ISSN 189-5582 * LCSN 96-4226
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From: Stefan Israel [stefansfeder at yahoo.com]
Subject: A phrase of interest/"Etymology"

Julian Wilson heeft gevraagd:

> "I am particularly curious about the word "samod" and wonder
> if it has a connexion with the modern English word "same".

Old English _samod_, Old Saxon _samad/samod_ "together" belongs
to the family of words related to the Proto-Indo-European (PIE)
word *sem/som/sm- "one".
Gothic had _samath_ "to the same place" from  _som-_ "together"
plus PIE *-te "towards".

A few of the related words are:
Platt _tosammen_, Old Saxon _saman_, Old English
_-samne_ "together"

English _same_ and _some_, Greek _homo-_ (compare six~hexagon,
serpent~herpatology)

Latin gives us _simultaneous_, _similar_, _semper fidelis_
"forever loyal"

etc.

Proto-Indo-European had two words for "one" (!)apparently with
the following contrast of meaning: *sem-, with more of a meaning
of "one and the same", and *oin- (and oik-, oiw-) meaning more
"one, that specific one as opposed to that".  The Lowland
languges and all Germanic languages use the *oin- root:
  Gothic         ains
Old High German  ein
Old Norse        ein
Old English      an
 etc.

Some languages generalized the one, some the other word as the
numeral.

Stefan

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