LL-L "Language contacts" 2002.05.20 (01) [D/E]

[Lowlands-L]

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 L O W L A N D S - L * 20.MAY.2002 (01) * ISSN 189-5582 * LCSN 96-4226
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 A=Afrikaans Ap=Appalachian D=Dutch E=English F=Frisian L=Limburgish
 LS=Low Saxon (Low German) S=Scots Sh=Shetlandic Z=Zeelandic (Zeeuws)
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From: Vermeulen <vermeulen.vastgoed at pandora.be>
Subject: LL-L "Language contacts" 2002.05.19 (04) [D]

Beste,

Die van Wormhout moet ik verder opzoeken, zijn naam is Blankaert.
Wie ook geschreven heeft over de Krim was de Vlaamse diplomaat Busbeck
Ogier
Ghislenus heer van Boesbeke (nu Bousbêcque in Frans-Vlaanderen. Die
taalgeleerde sprak zeven talen en verwierf bekendheid door zijn "Turkse
Brieven". Over hem zijn meerdere boeken geschreven: Forster en Daniel
(1881), Viertel "Het leven van O.G Busbecq" (1902), "O.G. Busbecq,
Vlaams
humanist en keizerlijk gezant" (1955), Van de Velde (1964)

[Frans Vermeulen]

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From: Stefaan Vermeire <stefaan.vermeire1 at pandora.be>
Subject: LL-L "Language contacts" 2002.05.19 (04) [D]

>From: frank verhoft <frank_verhoft at yahoo.com>
>Subject: Language contacts
>
>Beste Frans, allemaal
>
>Frans schreef:
><<<Verder moet ik u wijzen op de bevindingen van een
>Franse diplomaat uit Wormhout die in de negentiende
>eeuw zijn dialecttaal herontdekt heeft aan de Krim.<<<
>
>Heb je hierover iets meer informatie?
>
>Alvast bedankt!
>
>Frank Verhoft

Die "Franse" diplomaat was eigenlijk een Vlaamse minderbroeder uit het
dorpje Rubroek (nu Frans-Vlaanderen). Zijn reiservaringen schreef hij
uitvoerig neer in een document opdragen aan de Franse koning Lodewijk
IX.
De heemkundige kring "De Roede van Tielt" zorgde enkele jaren geleden
nog
voor een hedendaagse vertaling: "Het reisverhaal van Willem van Rubroek,
de
Vlaamse Marco Polo 1253-1255", 1984.

Hoogstwaarschijnlijk kwam Willem van Rubroek op de Krim in aanraking met
bevolkingsgroepen die nog Gotisch spraken. De gelijkenissen met zijn
Vlaams
vielen op en enkele woorden werden door onze Willem opgetekend. Volgens
Van
Bree (Leerboek voor de historische grammatica van het Nederlands, 1977)
werd deze taal er tot in de 18e eeuw nog gesproken.

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From: Ole Stig Andersen <osa at olestig.dk>
Subject: LL-L "Language contacts" 2002.05.19 (04) [D]

Germans in Crimea? And Turkey?

In 1762-63 the German born czarina Catherine II (the Great) imported
about
27.000 farmers from Pfalz, Hessen, North Bavaria and Rheinland to
colonise
the borders of her expanding Imperial Russia. The majority of them were
settled on the steppes along the river Idel (Volga) with Saratov
(Engels!)
the main city. In 1918 a German Soviet Republic was formed there, to be
destroyed again in 1940-41 when Stalin let about a million Germans
deport to Central Asia, especially Northern Kazakhstan and Altai.

After the Russian conquest of Ukraine (Volhynia) from Poland, Germans
from
Danzig and Western Prussia were imported to settle there, as other
Germans
were to Moldavia and Caucasus when these lands were conquered from
Ottoman
Turkey, during the 1800s.

Or rather from the Crimean khanate, which in 1557 had the strength to
burn
the suburbs of Moscow, but in 1783 was annexed by  Catherine II and for
two
years governed by the Baltic German Igeljstrom, under Prince Potemkin.
In
1785 Igeljstrom was sent to govern the German settled area on Volga.

Under Igeljstrom the great Crimean exodus to Ottoman Turkey began.
Resettlement was made by a similar exodus of Christians from Ottoman
lands.
(On May 18, 1944, all Crimean Tatars in the Soviet Union were deported
to
Uzbekistan and Kirgizia.)

Therefore it seems probable, though my sources give no direct suggestion
of
this, that German communities would have been brought to the Crimea,
too.

This is just a bit of the historical context that has left scattered
pockets
and some wider areas of Germans (High or Low, I don't know) in Southern
Russia and Central Asia / Siberia.

Similarly the Russian-Swedish wars left a Swedish village in Ukraine,
named
Gammelsvenskby ("Oldswedishvillage"), where people still spoke Swedish
in
the 1900s. And there are also some Polish diaspora setllements in
Turkey,
notably the city Polonezköy ("Polishvillage"), also a result of Russia's
imperial wars. I don't know the status of their Polish lg. Probably very
low, interpolating from the situation of other small minority lgs in
Turkey.

It IS imaginable therefore, though I have absolutely no information to
suggest that, that a German speaking community could have ended up in
Turkey.

Next time I go to Turkey (which I regularly do) I will ask a bit around
Yozgat.

Just for the fun of it,
Ole Stig Andersen

PS. 12 years ago I wrote an overview of the German minority in the
Russian
Empire. It is in Danish though :-) You can find it at
http://www.olestig.dk/tjetjenien/tyskerne.html

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