LL-L "Language varieties" 2004.07.01 (05) [E]

[Lowlands-L]

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L O W L A N D S - L * 01.JUL.2004 (05) * ISSN 189-5582 * LCSN 96-4226
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A=Afrikaans Ap=Appalachian B=Brabantish D=Dutch E=English F=Frisian
L=Limburgish LS=Lowlands Saxon (Low German) N=Northumbrian
S=Scots Sh=Shetlandic V=(West)Flemish Z=Zeelandic (Zeêuws)
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From: R. F. Hahn <sassisch at yahoo.com>
Subject: Language use

Folks,

Perhaps we really should have a Frequently Asked Question webpage, since
certain questions just keep on coming.

The following question arrived from a non-subscriber:

<quote>
W. Schrobilgen (ddwines at yahoo.ca, from Canada) wrote:
Is the Luxemburgian language not part of the Low-German/Lowlands language
group?
Why does the Luxembourg\'s native language not fall into this grouping?
</quote>

Answer:
Quite some time ago, the membership of Lowlands-L decided to in its area of
consideration Limburgish, although, technically speaking, it has one foot,
or just a couple of toes, outside the Lowlands-range language varieties,
beginning to transition over to Central/Middle German (e.g., _ich_ vs. _ik_
for 'I').  Limburgish is still predominantly Low Franconian.  Luxembourgish,
on the other hand, is clearly Central/Middle German, belonging to the
Moselle range of Franconian dialects, having gained language status only
because it is predominant in a country and thus received official status.
It is very similar to the Rhenish-Franconian German dialects of Germany.
For this reason, the members of Lowlands-L decided not to officially include
Luxembourgish, though Luxembourgish, like other German dialects and Yiddish,
is frequently mentioned in discussions.

Examples of cognates:
1=English 2=Dutch 3=L.Saxon  4=W.Frisian  5=Limbg. 6=Luxb. 7=Germ.
1 path  2 pad  3 pad  4 paad  5 paod  6 Pad  7 Pfad /pfaad/
1 pole  2 paal  3 paal  4 peal  5 paol  6 Pal  7 Pfal /pfaal/
1 apple  2 appel  3 appel  4 apel  5 appel  6 Apel  7 Apfel /apfel/
1 open  2 open  3 apen  4 --  5 aope  6 offen  7 offen
1 cup  2 kop  3 kop  4 kop  5 köp  6 Kop  7 Kopf
1 sleep  2 slaap  3 slaap  4 sliep  5 sjlaop  6  7 Schlaf /šlaaf/
1 up  2 op  3 op~up  4 op  5 op  6 op 7 auf
1 tide  2 tijd  3 tied  4 tiid  5 tied  6 Zäit /tseit/ 7 Zeit /tsait/
1 let  2 laten  3 laten  4 (fer)litte  5 loate  6 loossen  5 lassen
1 eat  2 eten  3 eten  4 ite  5 aete  6 iessen 7 essen
1 water  2 water  3 water  4 wetter  5 water  6 waasser  7 Wasser
1 out  2 uit  3 uut  4 út  5 oet /uut/  6 aus  7 aus
1 foot  2 voet /fuut/  3 vout /fout/  4 foet /fuut/  5 voot /foot/  6 Fouss
7 Fuß /fuus/
1 heart  2 hert  3 hart  4 hart  5 herte  6 Häerz /herts/  7 Herz /herts/

So...

1,2,3,4,5, 6: p-   =   7: pf-
1,2,3,4,5, 6: -pp-   =   7: -pf-
1,2,3,4,5,6: -p   =   7: -pf
1,2,3,4,5: -p-   =   6,7: -ff-
1,2,3,4,5,6: -p   =  7: -f

1,2,3,4,5: t-   =   6,7: ts-
1,2,3,4,5: -t-   =   6,7: -ss-
1,2,3,4,5: -t   =   6,7: -ts
1,2,3,4,5: -t   =   6,7: -s

As you can see from the above, in the second group (old /t/), an partially
in the first group, Luxembourgish (not unlike Yiddish) falls with German in
a separate category based on the absence or presence of "High German shift."

I hope this clarified it.

Regards,
Reinhard/Ron

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