From HD Video camera to MPEG-4 on a Mac

Sat May 28 22:33:55 UTC 2011

Hi Hiram,

I'm sending this via the RNLD list because I think you meant it to go there in the first place.

AIC files are very nice files if you are wanting to create a (subtitled) DVD product for the speaker community. They are preferable to the Canon format you mentioned. Unfortunately they are very large though and in a proprietary format. Archives are recommending MPEG-4 format for archiving which are quite compressed but can still be good quality. Unfortunately FCP does take absolutely forever to compress files in MPEG-4 format and won't do a batch convert - unlike Handbrake, but Handbrake can't read AIC format. Amazing that the free program is both faster and more efficient but anyway.

If you want to convert your AIC files to something of similar quality, you could create MPEG-2 files which is what digital TV and DVDs use. Unfortunately you can't do this in FCP but if you bought the FCP package, you will have Compressor as well which works form within FCP. You can create MPEG-2 files through Compressor. I haven't found any other way of converting AIC to MPEG-2.

I don't have any recommendations for the process of recording events myself. I think it is probably something we do poorly as documentary linguists because we have been focussed on sound quality for so long. On a number of occasions, I have considered doing a mini-documentary film makers course for this very reason. But they are quite expensive. If you have the opportunity, I would recommend it!

Regards, Felicity

On 28/05/11 9:54 PM, "#HIRAM RANDALL RING#" <HIRAM1 at e.ntu.edu.sg> wrote:

Hi All,

  Sorry to revive this subject line, but...

  I'm having some issues with HDV files direct from my camera. I recently shot video and found that Final Cut provided the easiest way to trim and import the files for further editing on my mac, but as mentioned earlier in this thread, these are AIC files in MOV containers. When I follow her directions to export the files, besides taking a long time (80 minutes and counting for 6 minutes of video) I am still left with .MOV files. Should I be converting these .MOV files with Handbrake? Or exporting directly as MP4 files? Or should I be shooting in 1280x720p to begin with? (currently shooting in 1440x1080p, which I'm thinking may be why it takes so long to export)

  Alternatively, should I be using Handbrake to convert directly from the MTS files (highly compressed Canon HDV files) to H264 MP4 files? The attempts I have made to do this have resulted in un-playable video files on my mac.

  Also, are there standards for shooting documentation footage? I've been doing research online and can't seem to find any recommendations except "shoot in high quality". It seems then that SP (at 1080p, 30 frames/sec on the camera I'm using) will work for stories and other shots where participants/speakers are mostly still, but the benefit of the higher resolutions (XP+ etc..) has more to do with faster framerates and thus might be good for cultural events such as dancing in which there's lots of movement. Does anyone have experience with this?

Thanks,
_______________
Hiram Ring
PhD Student, Language Documentation
Nanyang Technological University
http://www.ntu.edu.sg

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On May 16, 2011, at 11:55 AM, Felicity Meakins wrote:

Thanks. I am indeed archiving in MPEG-4 (H.264 codec) format as requested by archives. The issue was converting AIC files into MPEG-4 which is very difficult if you have used FCP and an HDV video camera. Nonetheless solution was found and is posted on the RNLD page.

On 16/05/11 4:21 PM, "Jeremy Hammond" <Jeremy.Hammond at mpi.nl <x-msg://6/Jeremy.Hammond@mpi.nl> > wrote:

Hi Felicity and all,

Sorry for the lateness of the contribution but there is something else to consider here for making your archive copies. Some archiving institutions (DOBES for example) will generally not accept .MOV video files precisely for the reasons that have caused you problems. The .MOV is a very flexible container type and can take a multitude of different encoding options for both audio and video streams. It can have varying compression levels, from zero (like you FCP working files) to very high (think iTunes movies) as well. All of this means that archival stability is very hard to achieve as there is nothing even close to a standard (for example it is near-impossible to replicate the QuickTime 720p export settings using another program).

So my suggestion is to check with your institution's guidelines before using proprietary software like QuickTime or FCP for the final archive copy. Another option would be to export them as MPEG-2 streams but this will give much larger files which might be a problem for long HDV recordings (potentially up to around 16GB per hour).

I personally archive two copies plus a 16-bit wav audio stream. A full MPEG-2 version which is in theory 100% quality. Secondly, a high quality MPEG-4 H.264 version for day-to-day use and e-distribution. With this copy I would suggest using .mp4/.m4v containers to go with the  MPEG-4 (H.264) AAC encoding. While not perfect, they are probably better than .MOV especially if you include the meta-data for the encoding process in your documentation.

Regards
Jeremy

-----Original Message-----
From: r-n-l-d at unimelb.edu.au <x-msg://6/r-n-l-d@unimelb.edu.au>  [mailto:r-n-l-d at unimelb.edu.au] On Behalf Of Felicity Meakins
Sent: Monday, 9 May 2011 2:33 PM
To: r-n-l-d at unimelb.edu.au <x-msg://6/r-n-l-d@unimelb.edu.au>
Subject: From HD Video camera to MPEG-4 on a Mac

Hi everyone,

This email summarises the process I have gone through from capturing my HDV
tapes through Final Cut Pro to producing good looking MPEG-4 files suitable
for archiving. Thanks very much to the people who emailed me with
suggestions, particularly Tom Honeyman.

So .....

When you capture your HDV recordings using Final Cut Pro (FCP), Apple
Intermediate Codec (AIC) files are created which are encased in the
Quicktime .mov format. They are very large but very high quality files which
are perfect for editing into subtitled edited DVDs for the language
community.

For the purposes of archiving, these files need to be converted into MPEG-4
format.

In order to create MPEG-4 files, export to .mov file from FCP (or Final Cut
Express) using Quicktime Conversion (File > Export > Using Quicktime
Conversion) and use the following formats:

Format: Quicktime Movie

*Codec for video: H.264*
*Frame-rate: Current*
*Keyframes: Every 30 frames*
*Data rate: 5000 kbits/s*
*Size: 1280x720*
*De-interlace: Yes*
*Sound codec: AAC*
*Sound Sample Rate: 44.1kHz*
*Audio Quality: 128kbps*

Regards,

Felicity

----------------------------------------------
Felicity Meakins
ARC Postdoctoral Research Fellow
School of Languages and Comparative Cultural Studies
Bldg. 32 (Gordon Greenwood Building)
University of Queensland
Brisbane QLD 4072
AUSTRALIA

Mobile: +61411404546
Office: +61 7 3365 2877
Fax: +61 7 3365 6799
Email: f.meakins at uq.edu.au <x-msg://6/f.meakins@uq.edu.au>
http://www.slccs.uq.edu.au//index.html?page=127733&pid=124851

also Honorary Research Associate with University of Manchester
http://www.llc.manchester.ac.uk/subjects/lel/staff/felicity-meakins
felicity.meakins at manchester.ac.uk <x-msg://6/felicity.meakins@manchester.ac.uk>
----------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------
Felicity Meakins
ARC Postdoctoral Research Fellow
School of Languages and Comparative Cultural Studies
Bldg. 32 (Gordon Greenwood Building)
University of Queensland
Brisbane QLD 4072
AUSTRALIA

Mobile: +61411404546
Office: +61 7 3365 2877
Fax: +61 7 3365 6799
Email: f.meakins at uq.edu.au <x-msg://6/f.meakins@uq.edu.au>
http://www.slccs.uq.edu.au//index.html?page=127733&pid=124851

also Honorary Research Associate with University of Manchester
http://www.llc.manchester.ac.uk/subjects/lel/staff/felicity-meakins
felicity.meakins at manchester.ac.uk <x-msg://6/felicity.meakins@manchester.ac.uk>
----------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------
Felicity Meakins
ARC Australian Postdoctoral Fellow (APD)
School of Languages and Comparative Cultural Studies
Bldg. 32 (Gordon Greenwood Building)
University of Queensland
Brisbane QLD 4072
AUSTRALIA

Mobile: +61411404546
Office: +61 7 3365 2877
Fax: +61 7 3365 6799
Email: f.meakins at uq.edu.au
http://www.slccs.uq.edu.au//index.html?page=127733&pid=124851

also Honorary Research Associate with University of Manchester
http://www.llc.manchester.ac.uk/subjects/lel/staff/felicity-meakins
felicity.meakins at manchester.ac.uk
----------------------------------------------

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