Czecb adverb/adverb pairs

[Paul B. Gallagher]

Dear friends,

I've been having a chat with a Czech translator who explains that a few 
adverbs have two forms, depending on whether the sense is relatively 
concrete or figurative. I'm wondering if any of the other Slavic 
languages do this (AFAIK Russian does not, but I'm not a native).

Below are some examples my colleague cited.

Thanks.


Byla _vysoko_ v horách. She was high in the mountains. [physical
location, destination, distance]
Byla _vysoce_ postavena/placena.  She had a high post/was highly paid.
  [manner, rank, degree on a scale conceived of metaphorically in terms
of height]
_Vysoce_ si cenil jeho poesie. He valued his poetry highly. [quality,
manner, intensifier, metaphorically]

Špičáky jsou velké a osazené _široko_ od sebe.  The canine teeth are
large and widely spaced.  [position, distance, location]
Pre výmenu skúseností sú dvere _široko_ otvorené.  The doors are wide
open for an exchange of experiences.  [Slovak, not Czech, but close
enough: physically wide open]
Musíme zasáhnout _široce_ proti všem státním podporovatelům terorismu.
We must strike broadly against all state supporters of terrorism.
[manner, intensity]
SdKfz 250 byl první _široce_ používaný německý obrněný transportér.
The SdKfx 250 was the first widely used German armored transport.
[manner, extent, metaphorical breadth]

Venku je _chladno_. It is cold outside. [physical fact, objective like
distance - and an anglophone could argue it's a noun, but Czech
grammars classify it as adverbial]
R. 1802 odplul do Ameriky, ale byl tam přijat _chladně_.  In 1802 he
sailed to America, but he was received coldly there.  [manner,
emotion, quality]
Žena vypadala _chladně_.  The woman had a cold demeanor. [ditto;
metaphorical temperature]
Ženě bylo _chladno_. The woman felt cold.  [physical temperature, fact]

Dnes je _teplo_. It is warm today. [physical fact, objective like distance]
_Teple_ se oblékla. She was dressed warmly. [manner, quality, feeling]
Proto on _teple_ obhajoval vytvoření národních vědeckých společností.
So he warmly advocated the creation of national scientific societies.
[emotion, feeling, quality, intensity]

Rád se potápí _hluboko_ pod vodou. He likes to dive deep under the
water.  [physical location, distance]
Je do něho _hluboce_ zamilovaná. She's deeply in love with him.
[extent, intensity, metaphor]
Spíte _hluboce_ a klidně.  You are sleeping deeply and quietly.
[metaphor, intensity, manner]
_Hluboko_ dole není nic než písek. Deep down there's nothing but sand.
  [physical location, distance]

-- 
War doesn't determine who's right, just who's left.
--
Paul B. Gallagher
pbg translations, inc.
"Russian Translations That Read Like Originals"
http://pbg-translations.com

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