Czecb adverb/adverb pairs

[Lemelin, Christopher]

There is at least a bit of this left in a few Russian comparative adjectives.  For example верхний is used when the sense is physical and высший when а figurative meaning is intended.  E.g., они живут на верхних этажах  vs.  высшее учебное заведение.  Also нижний / низший (and others?).  And don't we sort of do this in English (perhaps not so consistently)? —  they live on the upper floors   vs.  institute of higher education.

Cheers,
Christopher W. Lemelin
Asst. Professor of Russian
Dickinson College
PO Box 1773
Carlisle, PA  17013

________________________________________
From: SEELANGS: Slavic & East European Languages and Literatures list [SEELANGS at BAMA.UA.EDU] On Behalf Of Miriam [miriam at LING.ROCHESTER.EDU]
Sent: Monday, November 10, 2008 6:44 PM
To: SEELANGS at BAMA.UA.EDU
Subject: Re: [SEELANGS] Czecb adverb/adverb pairs

except you can use vysoko for both  vs vysoce only figuratively, same
for siroko/siroce, hluboko/hluboce  (you can say: hluboko OR hluboce
zakoreneny = deeply ingrained, deep-seated) etc,

as always, not at all black&white

MM

Paul B. Gallagher wrote:

> Dear friends,
>
> I've been having a chat with a Czech translator who explains that a
> few adverbs have two forms, depending on whether the sense is
> relatively concrete or figurative. I'm wondering if any of the other
> Slavic languages do this (AFAIK Russian does not, but I'm not a native).
>
> Below are some examples my colleague cited.
>
> Thanks.
>
>
> Byla _vysoko_ v horách. She was high in the mountains. [physical
> location, destination, distance]
> Byla _vysoce_ postavena/placena.  She had a high post/was highly paid.
>  [manner, rank, degree on a scale conceived of metaphorically in terms
> of height]
> _Vysoce_ si cenil jeho poesie. He valued his poetry highly. [quality,
> manner, intensifier, metaphorically]
>
> Špičáky jsou velké a osazené _široko_ od sebe.  The canine teeth are
> large and widely spaced.  [position, distance, location]
> Pre výmenu skúseností sú dvere _široko_ otvorené.  The doors are wide
> open for an exchange of experiences.  [Slovak, not Czech, but close
> enough: physically wide open]
> Musíme zasáhnout _široce_ proti všem státním podporovatelům terorismu.
> We must strike broadly against all state supporters of terrorism.
> [manner, intensity]
> SdKfz 250 byl první _široce_ používaný německý obrněný transportér.
> The SdKfx 250 was the first widely used German armored transport.
> [manner, extent, metaphorical breadth]
>
> Venku je _chladno_. It is cold outside. [physical fact, objective like
> distance - and an anglophone could argue it's a noun, but Czech
> grammars classify it as adverbial]
> R. 1802 odplul do Ameriky, ale byl tam přijat _chladně_.  In 1802 he
> sailed to America, but he was received coldly there.  [manner,
> emotion, quality]
> Žena vypadala _chladně_.  The woman had a cold demeanor. [ditto;
> metaphorical temperature]
> Ženě bylo _chladno_. The woman felt cold.  [physical temperature, fact]
>
> Dnes je _teplo_. It is warm today. [physical fact, objective like
> distance]
> _Teple_ se oblékla. She was dressed warmly. [manner, quality, feeling]
> Proto on _teple_ obhajoval vytvoření národních vědeckých společností.
> So he warmly advocated the creation of national scientific societies.
> [emotion, feeling, quality, intensity]
>
> Rád se potápí _hluboko_ pod vodou. He likes to dive deep under the
> water.  [physical location, distance]
> Je do něho _hluboce_ zamilovaná. She's deeply in love with him.
> [extent, intensity, metaphor]
> Spíte _hluboce_ a klidně.  You are sleeping deeply and quietly.
> [metaphor, intensity, manner]
> _Hluboko_ dole není nic než písek. Deep down there's nothing but sand.
>  [physical location, distance]
>

--
Miriam Margala
Dept. of English, Dept. of Linguistics
University of Rochester
Rochester NY 14627

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Use your web browser to search the archives, control your subscription
  options, and more.  Visit and bookmark the SEELANGS Web Interface at:
                    http://seelangs.home.comcast.net/
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Use your web browser to search the archives, control your subscription
  options, and more.  Visit and bookmark the SEELANGS Web Interface at:
                    http://seelangs.home.comcast.net/
-------------------------------------------------------------------------