aspirated and unaspirated caga

[Constantine Xmelnitski]

--- ROOD DAVID S <rood at spot.Colorado.EDU> wrote:

> Second, neither Buechel nor Riggs ever, to my
> knowledge, acknowledged that
> there is an aspiration contrast for "c".  You can't
> rely on either one of
> them for that distinction.

--Buechel does it both in "Grammar" and in
"Dictionary", although uses it inconsistently, e.g.
spelling all A1S2 chi- as unaspirated ci- thoughout
the "Grammar".
However he contrasts "c" ("c*" in a Dictionary) "as in
'joy'" to
"c`" ("c" in a Dictionary) "as in 'chair'".

The dictionary also has some forms with unaspirated
"c*" in contrast to aspirated "c", also with numerous
inconsistencies:

c*i'k?ala "little", c*o'nala "a few", co'la "destitue,
without.."

Talking about c- / ch- pairs I'd add to the discussion
a quote from Boas & Deloria's "Dakota Grammar":

Page 101

§ 131. kuN'za to decree, ka'g^a to make

ka'g^a to make, lacks the series waki- and has instead
we'cag^a I make for him, chi'cag^a I make it for you
(without your sanction), miye'cag^a you make it for
me, etc.; and chi'cicag^a I make yours or I make it
for you with your sanction (etc.). The possessive
forms are irregular insofar as they aspirate the c,
we'chaga I make my own.

wakuN'za to decree something, also lacks the series
waki- and has instead wawe'cuNza I decree something
for him without his sanction and wawe'cicuNza with his
sanction, or in place of another one. The other forms
follow the same pattern. As in ka'g^a the possessive
has aspirate ch, we'chuNza I decree something my own,
mic?i'chuNza for myself.

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