Virtues-wolves-coyotes

[Linda A Cumberland]

I've been on the road for a while and am just now working through all the
messages on this list, hence the belated contribution to the discussion.
I'll add my Assiniboine data to Shannon's, since I have a few additional
terms, and there is some variation in the ones that I have.  These are
from Carry The Kettle, but are consistent with the forms Doug Parks
collected a decade ago at Ft. Belknap:

s^uNk-thokeca	= wolf
s^uNk-cuk?ana	= coyote (unaspirated c, but frequently written as j)
s^uNks^iNca  	= coyote pup (cf. s^uNks^iNcana  'puppy')
thokhana	= gray fox
s^uNka-sana     = red fox
mnaNza		= wolverine
wiNkcena	= wolverine


The first four (including 'puppy') have second syllable stress; the last
three have first syllable stress. The intervocalic voicing rule (as I
described in  Anadarko) applies. I include the terms for gray fox and
wolverine because they are non-canine.

cuk?ana = 'little', although it only occurs in 5 or 6 words in my (our)
data, as well as independently. The words commonly used are cusina
'little' and ptecena 'small'.

-s^iNca is surely a variant of c^iNca 'child' but nothing in the phonology
that I have discovered accounts for c^ -> s^. kc^ is rare, occurring only
in compounds and reduplications, i.e., across morpheme boundaries, and the
c^ does not change to s^ in those instances.  ks^ is a very common
syllable onset, of course, but the case in question crosses a morpheme
boundary. The two examples here are the only ones I find like that.

Linda



On Thu, 18 Jul 2002, Shannon West wrote:

> Did a little digging, and the Assiniboine Nakota words I found were
>
> s^uNga-dokeja = wolf
> s^uNga-jukana = coyote
> s^uNga-taNga = horse
>
> I have no non-canine based words for these, but I'll ask next time I see or
> talk to any of my consultants.
>
> Shannon
>
>
>