Calques

[Koontz John E]

Thinking about xube in the sense of 'drunk' brought smething else to mind.

I've always wondered if the widespread 'fire water' formation [OP
ppe(e)'deni] might not originate in a calque of French eau ardent [is this
right?].  English tends to use the Gaelic loan whiskey, though 'ardent
spirits' is possible.

I also wonder about 'money' = 'white metal' [OP maN(aN)'zeska], cf.
French argent.

John E. Koontz
http://spot.colorado.edu/~koontz