Quapaw WH-words redux.
Rankin, Robert L
rankin at ku.edu
Mon May 1 19:09:53 UTC 2006
Bruce,
Here is the Quapaw file again. Note the different font.
Bob
WH words from Quapaw. There are often doublets with nasal A and nasal O. In a few instances initial /h-/ seems to be missing. Common Dhegiha /th/ comes out as /th/ in Omaha, Ponca and Quapaw but /kh/ in Kansa and sometimes in Osage. The font here is SIL SSDoulosL for the PC (not Mac) as modified by John Koontz. Unfortunately I haven't converted my Quapaw file over to Gentium and Unicode yet. The font can be downloaded from John's website.
While I was in Melbourne D.N.S. Bhat, the Indian scholar, did a typology of Q words for his native language (a Dravidian language). He had an interesting framework that might be helpful. I don't know where or when he might have published the study.
hw[athâha]
def[how deep]
pos[Q]
prv[analog of Kansa hakhâ-]
hw[athàkká (?)]
def[how tall, how high]
pos[Q]
rem[aTàKa in JOD]
hw[athâttai tte]
def[future time, at some]
rem[aTâTai Te in JOD]
hw[athâttà]
def[when, in future]
rem[v. hathàtta]
def[forever]
pos[adv]
rem[cf. bdoka. aTâTe in JOD]
hw[ekíëi]
def[somewhere else, elsewhere]
pos[adv]
hw[ekkíttàthô]
def[time, from that same on]
pos[adv]
rem[probably -thà at end, not ttò = from (RLR)]
hw[be]
def[who]
pos[Qprn]
rem[interrog.]
hw[béaëi]
def[nobody]
rem[cf. be, beniëi]
hw[béniëi]
def[everyone]
pos[n]
hw[haké hitté, haké itté]
def[wherever, anywhere]
hw[háki]
def[why, for what reason]
pos[Q]
hw[hákidede]
def[where, which direction]
pos[Q]
hw[hákidedéthà]
def[where from, from whatever place]
pos[Q]
rem[This -Tà is probably -thà = from (RLR)]
hw[hakíthà]
def[from whatever place]
rem[This -Tà is probably -thà 'from' (RLR)]
hw[hanáhitte]
def[few, a, however many (?)]
rem[v. hanaitte]
hw[haná itte]
def[however much or many]
rem[v.hanahitte]
hw[haná ìké]
def[some]
hw[hánaská]
def[how big/small, what size]
pos[Q]
hw[hánaska nânà]
def[how big (is) each, (distributive)]
pos[Q]
hw[hánaskáska]
def[how big (is) each, (distrib.?)]
pos[Q]
hw[hánaskáska hitté]
def[whatever size, however big]
rem[-ska iTé]
hw[hanâ, hanô]
def[how much, many]
pos[Q]
hw[hanâhide]
def[however many/much]
1sg[v. also haná]
rem[v. -hitté]
hw[hánòmuçte (CS)]
def[how much, many]
pos[Q]
rem[v. hanà; -u- is unexplained]
hw[hathâttà]
def[when (in the future)]
rem[also athâttà]
hw[hathâtti]
def[when, at what time]
pos[Q]
rem[haTâTi]
hw[hà, hò]
def[what, how, in what manner]
pos[Q]
rem[in compound]
hw[hànîttà, hònîttà]
def[why]
pos[Q]
hw[hâthàhí, hâttàhí (?)]
def[once upon a time]
pos[v?]
rem[hâTàhí. Appears to be related to hathâ 'when', q.v.]
hw[hitté]
def[indefinite prn., (what)-ever]
hw[hówa (OM)]
def[who]
pos[Q]
hw[hówada-(positional)]
def[where is/are the (class) obj?]
pos[Qdem]
hw[hówathettáthà]
def[from what sg/st/in or cl/in]
pos[Qdem]
1sg[nearby]
rem[howaTeTaTà]
hw[hówathettíthà]
def[from what sg/st/in or cl/in]
pos[Qdem]
1sg[far away]
rem[howaTeTiTà]
hw[hówatta]
def[whose]
pos[Q]
rem[howa+itta]
hw[hówaëi]
def[nobody (JOD)]
pos[prn]
rem[nowhere?]
hw[hôthà]
def[why? (?) (when? RLR)]
pos[Q]
rem[hôTà]
hw[hôthàhi (?), hâthàhi]
def[then, at length]
rem[v. hàthàhi, cf. Kansa hakhâ-?; hòTàhi in JOD]
hw[hôthe, hôtte (?)]
def[why, how]
pos[Q]
rem[v. hà]
hw[táttà]
def[what, something]
pos[Q/n]
rem[TáTà]
hw[táttàëí]
def[nothing]
pos[n]
rem[v. táttà]
hw[wattí (?)]
def[why, wherefore]
rem[No Osage cognate found; waTí JOD]
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