Question re: Dhegiha and other Siouan quotatives

[Mirzayan, Armik]

David,

I'm not sure exactly what you mean by "requires object affixes on the embedded verb". I will try to  fill in a few details here, the way I understand it,  and hopefully these are correct ....

The auxiliary verb ší takes 2 participants, a subject and an object (one person doing the telling, and the other being told to do thing in the preceding verb), as in:

  Tȟabškál  mašípi.     "They asked/told me to play ball"
  Héčhuŋ   wičhúŋšipi    "We asked/told them to do that." 
  Oyúspe niší.         "He asked/told you to catch it"

The first verb (lower, embedded ... or whatever one wants to call it) can be intransitive or transitive.  If it that first verb is transitive and you need to put an object affix on it, then yes, as you say, that object affix will go on the first verb.

   Óničiye waší.     "I asked him to help you."


You can have object affixes (different objects) on both the first verb and ší, as in:

  Owíchayuspe maší.     "She asked me to catch them."



For your example of "realize", I am thinking that I would use something like ablézA (?). The sentence structure for this verb would be different from ší however.  With ablézA I would probably use a complementizer article type thing, as in these sentences:


  Yaglúšna kiŋ awábleze.      "I realize that you made an error".

  Hé wašté kiŋ awábleze.      "I realize that that's good."


You can also use  "čha" with ablézA, as in:

   Wičhákȟe šni čha awábleze.    "I realized that he was not truthful."

...


-Armik
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Armik Mirzayan - Languages and Linguistics
The University of South Dakota
414 E. Clark St., Vermillion, SD, USA 57069
Armik.Mirzayan at usd.edu
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________________________________________
From: Siouan Linguistics [SIOUAN at listserv.unl.edu] On Behalf Of ROOD DAVID S [david.rood at COLORADO.EDU]
Sent: Saturday, March 01, 2014 12:57 PM
To: SIOUAN at listserv.unl.edu
Subject: Re: Question re: Dhegiha and other Siouan quotatives

Jan, I am answering without looking things up, so be prepared for some
mis-remembering.  I seem to recall that "s^i" 'command" requires object
affixes on the embedded verb: 'I told him to help you' would be "onichiye
was^i".  I thought that pattern was pretty common.  What about something
like 'realize' as in 'I realized I was wrong' or 'I realized you were
wrong"?

        Best,
        David

David S. Rood
Dept. of Linguistics
Univ. of Colorado
295 UCB
Boulder, CO 80309-0295
USA
rood at colorado.edu

On Sat, 1 Mar 2014, Jan Ullrich wrote:

>> Several people have noted (not sure whether published or not) that Lakota
> complements
>> to verbs that require same-subject for both verbs (e.g.
>> 'try') do not allow affixes on the first verb, while those which permit a
> change of subject (like 'want')
>> do require that both verbs be marked.
>
> I have been under the impression that there are only two Lakota verbs that
> require both verbs in a complex predicate to be conjugated. They are chin
> 'to want' and okihi 'to be able to'.
> If there is data pointing to other verbs that behave like this it would be
> useful to know.
>
> Jan
>