Looking for a Dhegiha (and also maybe Dakota) term

Mon Oct 6 18:39:16 UTC 2014

Yea, I'd thought of that too but wasn't sure if that phrase was meant to have that much emphasis.  Perhaps it is! :)  I've been going through Dorsey's slips one by one and adding them to my database and I'm hoping I'll come across this again that might help give us more context.

Sky

From: Siouan Linguistics [mailto:SIOUAN at listserv.unl.edu] On Behalf Of Jimm G. GoodTracks
Sent: Friday, October 3, 2014 2:33 PM
To: SIOUAN at listserv.unl.edu
Subject: Re: Looking for a Dhegiha (and also maybe Dakota) term

I would tend to think that the "wokhu" (woxu) may be "wexa" (beyond, more than, exceed) or a derivative of it.

From: Campbell, Sky <mailto:sky at OMTRIBE.ORG>  

Sent: Friday, October 03, 2014 11:18 AM

To: SIOUAN at listserv.unl.edu 

Subject: Re: Looking for a Dhegiha (and also maybe Dakota) term

Yea, I saw the "act, deed, custom" from the online Omaha-Ponca dictionary at unl.edu but that doesn't seem to fit.  The whole idea of custom and that sort of thing has me on our usual term of "wosgą" which isn't what I'm after.  I'm going to show two terms that mean roughly the same thing (according to Dorsey) but the second one has the extra term that I'm after:

i-pra-shku-nye - not to be satisfied with what he has; to desire more

i-pra-shku-nye-thke wo-khu - to desire more

So we have "to desire more" expressed twice but I'm trying to figure out what is going on with the extra stuff in the second one.  The entry I asked about earlier came from when I tried to look up "wo-khu" in Dorsey's information where he gave the nasal, accent, etc.  So if we have the "ibra skunyi" talking about not being satisfied or desiring more, then the extra -thge would suggest "like/alike/so/be like/be so/in like manner/equal/somewhat/not very/thus/a little" (that's a lot, I know but as of now that is the whole of my contexts for that term (full term "ithge")).  Up to that point I'm sort of ok but I'm not understanding what is going on with the "wo-khu" after that.  Could we actually be talking about "wosgą" somehow here in the way of custom/habits and this is a term that describes something like "not satisfied - in that way - habitually" (he always wants more/he is never satisfied)?  Only problem is I've never seen a "wo-khu" form of "wosgą" before but I guess it is possible considering other "s" to "th" to "x" shifts that I've seen but I am a bit skeptical.

Sky Campbell

Language Director

Otoe-Missouria Tribe

(580) 723-4466, ext. 111

sky at omtribe.org

From: Siouan Linguistics [mailto:SIOUAN at listserv.unl.edu] On Behalf Of Rory Larson
Sent: Friday, October 03, 2014 10:08 AM
To: SIOUAN at listserv.unl.edu
Subject: Re: Looking for a Dhegiha (and also maybe Dakota) term

In Omaha, úškaⁿ means ‘activity’ or type of work, as in nú-uškaⁿ, ‘men’s work or customs’, vs. waɁú-uškaⁿ, ‘women’s work or customs’.  It would be about the same as in Kaw.  Underlyingly, it is composed of three elements:

            wa- (a generalizing nominalizer in this case)

            -o-  (a locative prefix meaning something like ‘in’, that places the verb in environmental context)

            -škaⁿ  ‘move’, ‘stir’

I don’t think this Dhegiha word is actually related to either the mystery word wó-khŭⁿ or the Dakota word okhaⁿ, though.  The equivalent Dakota word is óškaⁿ, ‘motion’ or ‘movement’.  Dakota okháⁿ can mean ‘room’, in the sense that there is room for something, or that it isn’t too crowded to fit somebody in.  Omaha has the word ukkóⁿ, which I have down as meaning “space (an open space or place to put something)”, and which should be the equivalent of the Dakota word.

The problem here is the accent.  Since it comes on the second syllable in the Omaha and Dakota forms, it means that there is no initial underlying wa- in those words.  The mystery word with the leading w- and first-syllable accent presumably has a wa- there.  If the base word is in fact the same as the Dakota and Omaha word “have room for”, I’m not sure what the wa- adds to it, or how it would be used in conjugated forms.

Actually though, the Dakota word doesn’t match the mystery word either, because it has /aⁿ/ where the mystery word has /uⁿ/.  Omaha wouldn’t make the distinction, but Dakotan and I believe IOM do.  So we should really be looking at a Dakotan word sounding like okhúⁿ, which I do find described cryptically for Teton with the single example of okhúⁿ wašte, ‘gentle’ or ‘mild’ as some kind of comparative element.  Perhaps some of the Lakhota linguists could help out here.

Best,

Rory

From: Siouan Linguistics [mailto:SIOUAN at listserv.unl.edu] On Behalf Of David Kaufman
Sent: Friday, October 03, 2014 8:36 AM
To: SIOUAN at LISTSERV.UNL.EDU
Subject: Re: Looking for a Dhegiha (and also maybe Dakota) term

Sky,

Kaw óshkaN = act, deed, custom (Kaanze dictionary, 161)

Dave

David Kaufman, Ph.D.

Director, Kaw Nation Language Program

On Fri, Oct 3, 2014 at 8:01 AM, Campbell, Sky <sky at omtribe.org> wrote:

I am looking for a term that Dorsey has in his language slips which is:

wó-khŭⁿ

He conjugates this term but doesn't translate it.  He lists the Dhegiha equivalent as:

ushkaⁿ

And the Dakota equivalent as:

okhaⁿ

I haven't had any luck finding information on any of these terms.  Anyone have any ideas or can maybe point me in the right direction?

Sky Campbell

Language Director

Otoe-Missouria Tribe

(580) 723-4466, ext. 111 <tel:%28580%29%20723-4466%2C%20ext.%20111> 

sky at omtribe.org

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