World Wide Words -- 29 Oct 11

Michael Quinion wordseditor at WORLDWIDEWORDS.ORG
Fri Oct 28 16:38:30 UTC 2011


WORLD WIDE WORDS         ISSUE 760          Saturday 29 October 2011
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Author/editor: Michael Quinion       US advisory editor: Julane Marx
Website: http://www.worldwidewords.org                ISSN 1470-1448
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Contents
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1. Feedback, notes and comments.
2. Weird Words: Ecdysiast.
3. Wordface.
4. Q and A: Knock seven bells out of someone.
5. Sic!
A. Subscription information.
B. E-mail contact addresses.
C. Ways to support World Wide Words.


1. Feedback, notes and comments
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WAITER'S TIP  Following up my mention of this colloquial anatomical 
term, Jim Muller wrote, "When I was at medical school in Cape Town 
in the 60's and 70's the position of the hand in Erb's palsy was 
referred to as the 'policeman's tip' position. Perhaps we were more 
cynical about policemen in those days, and waiters did not have to 
expect backhanded tips."

Marcia Wilson mentioned another once-popular medical term, the Ford 
fracture, also called the backfire or chauffeur's fracture, which 
referred to a broken wrist or arm: "The Model T Ford had to be 
cranked by hand. Not only difficult, it could be frustrating and 
occasionally dangerous. If you didn't have all the settings in their 
proper place, the crank could spin in the wrong direction. It would 
fly back at high speed, connecting with the nearest part of your 
anatomy - usually the arm doing the winding."

WILDCATS  From Jascha Kessler: "Your discussion of wildcat banks in 
the 19th century reminded me, yet again, that things have changed: 
specie, as it was known, really is no more, and our coinage is base 
metals. Some folks tried to hold on, mainly in Nevada. In 1950, in 
Reno, we stopped for lunch at a casino, and when I asked the cashier 
for singles, wanting to break a $20 bill, she looked at me puzzled. 
'Singles? What are they?' I said, being an Easterner, 'You know, 
dollars, dollar bills.' Astonished she replied, 'You mean paper 
money?' And in answer to my shrug, spilled out 20 silver dollars. 
Weighty specie ... the faintest memory in our time."

"I've also seen wildcat used in the context of rail lines," wrote 
Joe Orfant. "Outside of Boston, a rail line runs between the main, 
parallel lines to Lowell and Lawrence. I recall a trip to Lowell 
over thirty years ago when a frozen switch or some other problems 
caused our train to be sent up the Lawrence line around the problem 
to connect to the Lowell line via the seldom used 'wildcat spur'. I 
was surprised to see it recently on a map of the MBTA commuter rail 
system under that name." 

GRAMMAR PUZZLE  A sentence in last week's Sic! column - "His eyes 
still shut, a dream dissolving and already impossible to recall, 
Hector's hand sluggishly reached across the bed." - was claimed to 
be ungrammatical. To the submitter and to me the sentence seemed to 
suggest that Hector's hand had eyes. This provoked responses from 
readers who believed the sentence was correct; a linguist, Arnold 
Zwicky, whom I asked about the matter, agreed with them, arguing 
that the initial "his" is exactly equivalent to "Hector's". You can 
see that most clearly if you invert the two: "Hector's eyes still 
shut ... his hand sluggishly reached across the bed." Despite that 
verdict, the sentence would have benefitted from recasting.

CORRECTIONS  The Rutland Herald is published in Rutland, Vermont, 
not Virginia as I had it last week. A comment last time implied that 
the European wild cat is a feral variety of the domestic feline; 
it's a separate species, of course.


2. Weird Words: Ecdysiast  /ek'dIziast/
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A writer for the Washington Post in August this year had it spot on: 
"ecdysiast is a fancy word for stripper". It was coined in 1940 and 
has had only sporadic success, perhaps being thought too odd-looking 
a word or too high-falutin for so earthy a pursuit. Some reviews of 
Gypsy, a musical about Gypsy Rose Lee, have said that the word was 
created for her by H L Mencken, the American critic and author of 
The American Language.

Not so. He created it in reply to a letter from Georgia Sothern, a 
celebrated strip-tease artist from Baltimore (in 1968, in This Was 
Burlesque, Ann Corio and Joseph DiMona wrote, "The mere sight of 
this red-hot, redheaded temptress tossing her hips in fantastic 
abandon to the wild music of the band caught up everybody in a 
spell. You didn't shout from the audience to Georgia to take it off; 
there was no time.") She wrote to Mencken:

    Strip-teasing is a formal and rhythmic disrobing of the 
    body in public. In recent years there has been a great 
    deal of uninformed criticism levelled against my 
    profession. Most of it is without foundation and arises 
    because of the unfortunate word strip-teasing, which 
    creates the wrong connotations in the mind of the public. 
    I feel sure that if you could coin a new and more 
    palatable word to describe this art, the objections to it 
    would vanish and I and my colleagues would have easier 
    going.

Both practice and term were certainly disliked by many. At the time, 
New York City prohibited any mention of strip-tease in publicity. 
Mencken, as you might expect from an American gentleman of the old 
school, sent a considered reply:

    I need not tell you that I sympathize with you in your 
    affliction, and wish that I could help you. Unfortunately, 
    no really persuasive new name suggests itself. It might be 
    a good idea to relate strip-teasing in some way or other 
    to the associated zoological phenomenon of molting. Thus 
    the word moltician comes to mind, but it must be rejected 
    because of its likeness to mortician. A resort to the 
    scientific name for molting, which is ecdysis, produces 
    both ecdysist and ecdysiast.
    [Letter to Georgia Sothern, 5 Apr. 1940.]

Miss Sothern, or her publicist, instantly adopted "ecdysiast". It 
appeared in print for the first time 14 days later, in a syndicated 
newspaper report about her forthcoming tour. Not only was Gypsy Rose 
Lee not the recipient of the name, she hated it, perhaps because she 
thought Mencken was a highbrow patronising her working-class roots. 
She responded in an interview soon afterwards:

    "Ecdysiast" he calls me! Why the man is an intellectual 
    slob. He has been reading books. Dictionaries. We don't 
    wear feathers and molt them off ... What does he know 
    about stripping?"
    [Low Man on a Totem Pole, by Harry Allan Smith, 1941. 
    "Slob" often appears as "snob", on the assumption that it 
    was a transcription error. I suspect Ms Lee knew exactly 
    what she wanted to say.]

Whatever Mencken knew, he was certainly conversant with technical 
vocabulary from classical sources. "Ecdysis" derives from Greek 
"ekdusis", shedding or moulting. He presumably created "ecdysiast" 
from it on the pattern of "enthusiast", which certainly described 
Georgia Sothern.


3. Wordface 
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DIGITAL OBTRUSIONS  A query came from J R Wilco about the origins of 
the simile STICK OUT LIKE A SORE THUMB, to be very conspicuous or 
obvious. The source is obvious enough, I believe, as anybody who 
has ever had pain in the joint of the thumb may attest. Any attempt 
to bend it towards the fingers to grasp an object hurts enough that 
it's better to leave it unbent. The Oxford English Dictionary finds 
its first example in one of Erle Stanley Gardner's stories, The Case 
of the Sleepwalker's Niece, published in 1936. The expression is 
certainly American, but my searches found examples nearly a century 
earlier, including one from a humorous book, The History of the Hen 
Fever, by the writer and editor George Pickering Burnham, published 
in 1855. Researchers with access to better American resources will 
no doubt take it back even further.

IN ANCIENT DAYS  I'm reading Richard Fortey's new book, Survivors: 
The Animals and Plants that Time has Left Behind, and came across 
the wonderfully complex adjective PALAEOICHTHYOLOGICAL, "relating to 
the study of extinct and fossil fish". Take care not to confuse this 
with PALAEOICHNOLOGICAL, "of the study and interpretation of fossil 
footprints, tracks, and other trace fossils". The former term, once 
you've stripped away all the beginnings and endings, is from Greek 
"ikhthus", a fish (which also supplies a number of relatives in 
English, including "ichthyic", a grandly scholastic term meaning 
fishlike), while the latter is from "ikhnos", a footprint or track.


4. Q and A: Knock seven bells out of someone
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Q. In several reviews of the new movie Warrior I listened to on BBC 
podcasts I heard the phrase "to beat seven bells out of somebody", 
as in "this movie is basically about two men trying to beat seven 
bells out of each other". I tried to find this phrase but it appears 
in very few dictionaries. What are the origins of the phrase? I've 
read somewhere a supposition that it may refer to bells measuring 
the half-hour intervals during watches on a ship. [Monika Mazurek, 
Poland]

A. It's almost exclusively a British expression today, still often 
encountered, though more commonly as "knock seven bells". However, 
"beat", "smack", "pound" and other verbs can be used:

    Now we have bombed seven bells out of [Libya's] roads, 
    ports, airfields, and other infrastructure, who will 
    guarantee the rebuilding of everything that has been 
    lost?
    [Evening Standard (London), 23 Aug. 2011.]

A warrior association is appropriate for this idiom, since the 
origin is fighting ships and - as you have read - the ringing of 
bells to mark the passage of time on board. This is the usual 
explanation of its origin:

    A total of eight bells are struck to end a watch; to 
    knock seven bells out of someone implies pretty severe 
    handling - without actually finishing him off.
    [Jackspeak, A Guide to British Naval Slang & Usage, by 
    Rick Jolly, revised second edition 2007.]

At the beginning of the twentieth century, it appears several times 
in works by the American author Jack London, which made me wonder 
for a moment whether it actually originated in the US. But a British 
source was confirmed by news reports in London newspapers in early 
1850 of ill treatment on board an emigrant ship to Australia:

    Mr Bainbridge, on returning to the vessel, was knocked 
    down by Mr Ross, and the captain wanted him or any of the 
    malcontents to stand before him "and he'd knock seven 
    bells out of them".
    [The Examiner (London), 16 Feb. 1850.]

As no newspaper report featuring this report thought it necessary to 
explain the idiom, it is surely older still.


5. Sic!
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An item dated 24 October - seen by Doug Cross - on castanet.net in 
British Columbia, Canada, about the smashing of a glass door at the 
South Okanagan BCSPCA, reported that the doors were "double pained 
tempered glass" and that "A pair of turtles in a tank close to the 
door ... were spayed with shattered glass". Too painful altogether.

On 24 October, Lisa Robinton tells us, Yahoo! News included a report 
from ABC News, which included the line "From the front porch of a 
Las Vegas home, which has one [of] the highest foreclosure rates in 
the country ...".

John Pearson came across a headline on BBC News dated 21 October: 
"NY bus accused of sex discrimination". He eagerly awaits the bus's 
reply.

My wife pointed out a fashion item in the Guardian on 26 October: 
"It started on the Miu Miu catwalk with a selection of printed 
dresses with long sleeves that fell below the knee."
 
A headline on BBC News Cornwall dated 27 October startled Tony Hall: 
"Dog helps lightning strike Redruth mayor".


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