Arabic-L:LING:the root of a hollow verb

[Dilworth Parkinson]

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Arabic-L: Tue 02 Mar 2010
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1) Subject:the root of a hollow verb
2) Subject:the root of a hollow verb
3) Subject:the root of a hollow verb
4) Subject:the root of a hollow verb
5) Subject:the root of a hollow verb
6) Subject:the root of a hollow verb
7) Subject:the root of a hollow verb
8) Subject:the root of a hollow verb
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1)
Date: 02 Mar 2010
From:n.basheer at GMAIL.COM 
Subject:the root of a hollow verb

Hi Sana,

If you change the verb into the present, you'll get the root, which does not
have alif.
For example:
qaala - yaqoolu ... so the root is q - w - l
sarra - yasiiru ... so the root is s - y - r

For a verb like naama - yanaamu   ... I think of the common *masdar *(nawm)
so the root is n - w - m

Try the verbs for : sell, fly, become or fast.  See how it works?

Hope that helps :)

Best,

Nesrine

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2)
Date: 02 Mar 2010
From:karam Tannous <ktannous at gmail.com>
Subject:the root of a hollow verb

The alif in alfi3l elmu3tall alwasat namely the hallow verb is not part of the root and in this case we have to find the consonant behind the alif whether it is a waw or yaa. Thus in the case of kana by looking at the present tense and the masdar (verbal noun) we find that the waw is the middle missing consonant so the root would be Kaf waw nun and the same applies to qama and jala. However sara and adara the missing consonant behind the alif is the yaa. 
Karam Tannous 

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3)
Date: 02 Mar 2010
From:"Amin, Nesrin" <N.Amin at exeter.ac.uk>
Subject:the root of a hollow verb

Hi Sana,

In response to your question, hollow verbs have an alif as their middle letter in the basic form, i.e. the third person singular (naama, kaana, maala, zaada). The ROOT/jidhr however never has an alif in the middle, but either waw or yaa (in the case of the verbs mentioned above: n-w-m, k-w-n, m-y-l, z-y-d) which is how the words are found/sorted in the dictionary.

Hope that helps,

Nesrin Amin

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4)
Date: 02 Mar 2010
From:Becky Molloy <becky at molloys.net>
Subject:the root of a hollow verb

Hi Sana,
The alif stands in for the 'ayn al-fi'l (the middle radical) which is either a waw or a yaa; thus the verb "zada" is analyzed as having the root za'- yaa- dal (in the first form you can tell what the middle radical is from the mudari' ("future/present) --> yazidu, or qala --> yaqulu (qaa- waw - lam). Best, Rebecca
Dr. Rebecca Molloy
Arabic Linguistics, Mideast Affairs 
& Counter Terrorism Research

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5)
Date: 02 Mar 2010
From:rehab eldeeb <r_eldeeb at aucegypt.edu>
Subject:the root of a hollow verb

Hi ,
as far as I know the root of these 2 verbs that you mentioned do not contain Alif in its roots :
قال - ---  ق  و  ل
نام  ----- ن   و   م 
زار  -------   ز   و   ر  
 
you can have just a hamza in the root like the verb : to start بدأ where the root is ب   د   ء  May be you mix the alif with the hamza ?  
hope this help ,
 
Rehab El Deeb
Arabic Language Instructor
American University in Cairo

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6)
Date: 02 Mar 2010
From:Ahmed Hassan Khorshid <khorshid at aucegypt.edu>
Subject:the root of a hollow verb

Dear Sana,
Hollow verbs ALWAYS have alif in the middle عين الفعل:
form I : قال - باع - نام
form IV : أقام
form VII : انحاز
form X : استقام
This is the spelling. The root is something else. You may say that the "substructure" of alif is either ياء or واو. You can find the root of قال by looking at the present tense يقول, which has واو. Therefore, the root is ق و ل . The root of باع يبيع is  ب ي ع. If you look at the present of نام it is ينام, which has alif (alif is never part of the root). Then you go to المصدر , which is النوم . Therefore, the root is ن و م
Alif is never part of the root because it is ALWAYS a vowel, whereas واو and ياء can be vowels or consonants.
Please note that the hamza ء is a different letter/ sound.
salaam
-- 
Ahmad Khorshid
Arabic Language Instructor

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7)
Date: 02 Mar 2010
From:<mcredi at cloud9.net>
Subject:the root of a hollow verb

A root always consists of three consonants, or radicals. In the case of the hollow verbs, the second radical is a weak consonant, that is, either a waaw or a yaa?. The root of kaana is kwn, the underlying form being kawana; the root of naama is nwm, the underlying form being nawima; the root of qaala is qwl, the underlying form being qawala; and the root of zaada is zyd, the underlying form being zayada.
 
What happens is that, according to a phonetic rule, the weak consonant between two vowels is deleted and the two short vowels in contact become one long vowel. This is how we get kaana, naama, qaala and zaada.


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8)
Date: 02 Mar 2010
From:Olla Al Shalchi <olla at aucegypt.edu>
Subject:the root of a hollow verb

dear sana,
alif cannot ever be part of a root in arabic. it is possible for a hamza to be part of a root- so for example أدب would have a root of ء - د - ب but with with hollow verbs you usually have to know what the verb is in the present tense or the verbal noun is to know what it's root is. so for the verb نام you have to know that its verbal noun is النوم and from there you would get its root ن - و - م.  also, sometimes with nouns, you have to figure out what the root is by knowing the word in the plural form. so for example خال has a plural of أخوال and the root comes from that- خ و ل. i hope that helps.

olla
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End of Arabic-L:  02 Mar 2010