LL-L "Etymology" 2004.08.09 (02) [E]

[Lowlands-L]

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L O W L A N D S - L * 09.AUG.2004 (02) * ISSN 189-5582 * LCSN 96-4226
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A=Afrikaans Ap=Appalachian B=Brabantish D=Dutch E=English F=Frisian
L=Limburgish LS=Lowlands Saxon (Low German) N=Northumbrian
S=Scots Sh=Shetlandic V=(West)Flemish Z=Zeelandic (Zeêuws)
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From: R. F. Hahn <sassisch at yahoo.com>
Subject: Etymology

Dear Lowlanders,

Here's another attempt to catch up on Lowlands-L mail after my trip.

Perhaps I need to add Lowlands Saxon (Low German) equivalents, in North
Saxon dialects.

The equivalents of "plate" (from which one eats) is _teller_ (<Teller>
['tE.l3`]), _töller_ (<Töller> ['t9.l3`]) or _tüller_ (<Tüller> ['tY.l3`]).
As has been said already, these words go back to French, more precisely to
Old French _tailleor_ (> Modern French _tailloir_, cf. Italian _tagliere_)
"cutting board" > "wooden serving board."  Equivalents like _bord_ (=
"board") for "plate" in other Lowlands varieties are thus quite consistent
with this material culture.  Please bear in mind that the use of plates used
to be the privilege of the small wealthy élite, that ordinary people ate
from wooden boards with knives only (and with wooden spoons from wooden or
earthenware bowls), and I am sure even this was a luxury in most quarters
(just as were beds, each of which used to be shared by quite a few people --
yes, even into the earlier part of the 20th century).

Interestingly, Danish seems to have borrowed a diminutive form: _tallerken_,
assumedly from Middle Saxon.

On a non-Lowlandic note, Eastern Yiddish has טעלער _teler_.

I'll add the LS equivalents to the words our good friend Luc Hellinckx
shared:

> English:        Taylor < Anglo-Norman "taillour", French "tailleur"
>
> Flemish:        De Schepper < scheppen (D) ~ to shape (to create,
>                 to design clothing)
>                 De Zutter < sutor (Latin for tailor, shoemaker) < suere
>                 (Latin) ~ to sew
>                 De N(a)eyer < naaien (D) (to sew)
> Dutch:          Snijders < snijden (D) (to cut) ~ Schneider (G)
>
> Brabantish:     De Cleermaecker ~ Kleidermacher (G)
                (older German before "Schneider" took over),
                litterally "cloth maker"
                Sartorius < sartor (Latin, tailor) > Sartre (French)
>
> Limburgish:     Schreu(de)r(s) ~ Schröder (G)
>                 (and similar words in Scandinavian languages), cognate
>                 with "to shred" (E), "shroud" (winding-sheet < garment
>                 (Old English)), "scrotum"

The ordinary word these days is _snyder_ (<Snieder> ['sni:d3`]), thus
"cutter."  However, I would not be surprised if the old _schrader_
(<Schrader> ['SrQ:d3`]) and _schröder_ (<Schröder>, <Schrœder> ['Sr9:d3`])
were still used in some dialects.  They are commonly encountered as
surnames.

The feminine equivalents are _snydersch(e)_, _schradersch(e)_ and
_schrödersch(e)_.  However, they are a bit ambiguous in meaning.  These days
they may mean "female tailor," or they may still carry the old meaning
"tailor's wife."  This is the case with all feminine derivations with
_-sch(e)_ (e.g., _doktersch(e)_ 'doctor', _pastersch(e)_ 'pastor',
_bekersch(e)_ 'baker'), with rare exceptions such as _wikkersch(e)_
(<Wickersch(e)_ ['vIk3`S(e)]) 'witch' (as opposed to _wikker_ (<Wicker>
['vIk3`]) 'warlock'), and those professions that used to be assigned to
females only, such as _nayersch(e)_ (<Neihersch(e)> ['na.I3`S(e)] "female
sew-er" = 'seamstress').

On another non-Lowlandic note, Eastern Yiddish usually has ×©× ×²Ö·×“×¢×¨ _Å¡nayder_
for
'tailor', though I have also come across ×¤××¨×˜× ×± _partnoy_ (< Russian портной
_portnoy_ [part'nOI] 'tailor').

Regards,
Reinhard/Ron

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