LL-L "History" 2012.09.09 (03) [EN]

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 L O W L A N D S - L - 09 September 2012 - Volume 03
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From: Paul Finlow-Bates wolf_thunder51 at yahoo.co.uk <rogerthijs at yahoo.com>
Subject: LL-L "History" 2012.09.09 (02) [EN]

Though there can be a danger in extrapolating linguistic similarity from
archaeology.  I understand that Hopi and Zuni artefacts are very hard to
differentiate for the average archaeologist, you need a specialist.  But
Zuni and Hopi are in entirely different language families. Idon't know if
there are Eurasian counterparts but I can imagine it happening.

Paul

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From: R. F. Hahn <sassisch at yahoo.com>
Subject: History

Paul,

I'm sure there are many such cases all over the world.

In my opinion it's a matter of stratification and areal features (i.e.
shared features within certain geographic areas) in material culture,
traditions and language.

For all intents and purposes, the Uralic language speakers of Europe
(especially Finnish, Estonian, Livonian and Hungarian) share a lot of
cultural features with neighboring speakers of Indo-European languages.
It's a matter of "layering" and sustained contact. Similarly, Basque
culture is not vastly different from neighboring cultures of Spain and
France. Yet, the Basque language is entirely unrelated to any known
language. And then again, its phonology shares specific features with
Romance Spanish languages; e.g. the long "r" ([r:]) and the retracted "s"
([s̠]).

For a long time, linguists doubted that Armenian is Indo-European, and the
reason for that is an accumulation of influences from Caucasian and Turkic
languages.

All along the American Pacific coast, from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego,
unrelated indigenous languages share area-specific phonological features
(e.g. [ɬ] and [tɬ]), and their speakers also share many area-specific
cultural features.

Cultures and languages do not evolve in a vacuum, and speakers of unrelated
languages have all sorts of contacts.

Regards,
Reinhard/Ron
Seattle, USA

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