Adjective formation
R. Joe Campbell
campbel at indiana.edu
Thu Nov 11 22:09:29 UTC 1999
Leonel,
I haven't forgotten about our adjective formation discussion, but I got
detoured on making a newer list of them. In the meantime, here is the
older one.
Best regards,
Joe
Key to "Adjective" Formation and Verb Sources
-c (preterit ending attached to basic verb)
Source Verb "Adjective" English
ahhuiya (be fragrant) ahhuiyac fragrant
ala:hua (become slick) ala:huac slippery
cama:hua (become ripe) cama:huac ripe
cana:hua (become thin) cana:huac thin
catza:hua (become dirty) catza:huac dirty
chama:hua (become chubby) chama:huac chubby, filled out
chica:hua (be strong) chica:huac strong
chipa:hua (purify) chipa:huac clean, pure
coya:hua (extend, enlarge a hole) coya:huac wide (e.g. opening)
cuala:ntli-cui (grab) cuala:ncuic angry
[patientive noun from cuala:ni]
cuaitl-pitza:hua (become thin) cuapitza:huac something pointed
at the top
cuechtli-e:hua (become sooty) cueche:huac sooted up
huapa:hua (become stiff) huapa:huac stiff, firm
hue:iya (grow) hue:yac long
iucci (ripen, cook) iuccic ripened, cooked
i:xtli-hue:iya (grow) i:xhue:yac long faced
i:xtli-pitza:hua (become thin) i:xpitza:huac thin faced
iztetl-dup-hue:iya (grow) iztehuehue:yac long nailed
mo-tlazohtla (love) motlazohtlac expensive
nacaztli-hue:iya (grow) nacazhue:yac long earred
patla:hua (widen) patla:huac wide
pitza:hua (become thin) pitza:huac thin
po:ch-[po:ctli]-e:hua poche:huac smoked up
poya:hua (darken) poya:huac dark, painted
poza:hua (inflate) poza:huac swollen
te:ntli-tila:hua (thicken) te:ntila:huac thick lipped or
wide hemmed
te:ntli-toma:hua (grow fat) te:ntoma:huac thick lipped
tila:hua (thicken) tila:huac thick
tlahto:lli-hue:iya (grow) tlahto:lhue:yac loquacious
[patientive noun from tla-ihto:a]
tlatla (burn) tlatlac burned
tli:lli-e:hua (become) tli:le:huac blackened
toma:hua (grow fat) toma:huac fat
tzi:ntli-pitza:hua (become thin) tzi:mpitza:huac pointed at the bottom
tzope:lia (sweeten) tzope:lic sweet
xo:tla (burn, bloom) xo:tlac hot, bloomed
yacatl-pitza:hua (become thin) yacapitza:huac pointed
yacatl-toma:hua (grow fat) yacatoma:huac fat nosed
yohua (get dark) yohuac nighttime
yo:llo:tl-chica:hua (be strong) yo:llo:chica:huac courageous
zotla:hua (faint) zotla:huac fainted, limp
-qui (preterit ending attached to basic verb)
a:tl-te:mi (fill up) a:te:nqui full of water
cactli-dup-copi:na (remove) caccocopi:nqui barefoot
cactli-toma (loosen) cactonqui barefoot
calaqui (entered) calacqui one who has entered
capotza:hui (turn black) capotza:uhqui blackened
caxa:ni (loosen) caxa:nqui loosened, badly tied
ce:hui (calm, cool) ce:uhqui calmed, fallen in honor
chala:ni (pot to clank or crack) chala:nqui broken (vessel),
out of tune (song)
chapa:ni (make wet slapping sound) chapa:nqui soaked
cocoya (be sick) cocoxqui sick
coyo:ni (develop a hole) coyo:nqui perforated, hole
cuala:ni (be angry) cuala:nqui angry
cua:itl-mani (lie flat) cua:manqui wide at the top and
narrow at the bottom
cua:itl-xocotl-miqui (die) cua:xocomicqui drunk or insane
cuepo:ni (burst, bloom) cuepo:nqui burst, bloomed
cuitlatl-zotla:hua (faint) cuitlazotla:uhqui lazy
e:lli-te:mi (fill up) e:lte:nqui full of food, surfeited
hua:qui (dry) hua:cqui dry
huetzi (fall) huetzqui fallen
i:xtli-cocoya (be sick) ixcocoxqui sick in the eyes
i:xtli-patza:hua (mash, deflate) ixpatza:uhqui blind in an eye
i:xtli-petla:hua (uncover) ixpetla:uhqui of uncovered face
i:xtli-pina:hua (feel shame) ixpina:uhqui bashful
maitl-cocoya (be sick) macocoxqui lame of a hand
mali:na (twist) mali:nqui twisted
maitl-miqui (die) mamicqui lame of the hands
maitl-poztequi (split, break) mapoztecqui lack a hand or hands
mo-e:lli-pan-petla:hua (uncover) me:lpanpetla:uhqui bare-chested
mo-e:hua (get up, raise) meuhqui out of bed
miqui (die) micqui dead
mo-dup-no:tza (chat) monono:tzqui converted, reprimanded
mo-yo:llo:tl-e:hua (get up, raise) moyo:leuhqui excited or in love
mo-yo:llo:tl-mela:hua (straighten) moyo:lmela:uhqui confessed
paqui (be happy) pacqui happy
pala:ni (rot) palanqui rotten
peto:ni (dislocate) petonqui dislocated
pina:hua (feel shame) pina:uhqui ashamed
poli:hui (perish, disappear) poliuhqui lost
pozo:ni (boil) pozonqui angry, irritated
poztequi (split, break) poztecqui broken, cut
te:ntli-coto:ni (snap, cut) te:ncotonqui nicked, or having
a split lip
te:mi (fill up) te:nqui full
te:ntli-xiti:ni (collapse, break) te:nxitinqui having a frayed edge
teotl-miqui (die) teomicqui sacrificed before
the idols
teotl-tlahto:lli-cuepa (turn) teotlahto:lcuepqui heretic
tlahua:na (get drunk) tlahua:nqui drunk
tlantli-copi:na (remove) tlancopi:nqui having no teeth or
broken teeth
tlantli-coto:ni (snap, cut) tlancotonqui having broken teeth
or teeth missing
tlapa:ni (break) tlapanqui broken
tletl-miqui (die) tlemicqui sweltering (person)
tzaya:ni (tear, shatter) tzayanqui torn, broken, shattered
tzi:ntli-mani (lie flat) tzi:mmanqui wide at the bottom and
pointed at the top
tzi:ntli-miqui (die) tzi:mmicqui impotent
tzi:ntli-poztequi (split, break) tzi:mpoztecqui having a broken back
xeli:hui (split) xeliuhqui split
xiti:ni (collapse, break) xitinqui fallen or knocked down
dup-xiti:ni (collapse, break) xixitinqui fallen or knocked down
xocotl-miqui (die) xocomicqui drunk
xotl-poztequi (split, break) xopoztecqui having a broken foot
xotl-poztequi (split, break) xotzayanqui having a split foot
yacatl-poztequi (split, break) yacapoztecqui having a nose cut off
yo:llo:tl-ce:hui (calm, cool) yo:lceuhqui calmed, placated
yo:llo:tl-dup-cuepa (turn) yo:lcuecuepqui inconstant, changeable
yo:llo:tl-dup-cuepa (turn) yo:llo:cuecuepqui inconstant, changeable
yo:llo:tl-miqui (die) yo:llo:micqui dull of understanding
yo:llo:tl-pozo:ni (boil) yo:llo:pozonqui angry, irritable
-tic [-ti + -c] (preterit ending attached to denominative verb)
Source Noun "Adjective" English
a:calli (canoe) acaltic grooved
a:tl (water) atic runny, watery
a:to:lli (atole) atoltic soft
camohtli (sweet potato) camohtic soft, tender
chi:lli (chile pepper) chichiltic red
cihua:tl (woman) cihuatic feminine
co:ztli (yellow dye) coztic yellow
cuaitl-metlatl-pilli cuametlapiltic having a large head
etl (bean) etic heavy
huitztli (thorn) huitztic sharp pointed
i:xtli-tli:lli (soot) i:xtli:ltic dark faced
neuctli (honey) neuctic sweet
nextli (ash) nextic dark, ash-colored
omitl (bone) ohomitic bony and thin
pahtli (potion, medicine) pahtic cured
piaztli (siphon, tube) piaztic long and thin
pilli (child, noble) piltic noble
quilitl (greens, herbs) quiltic green
te:ntli-tzontli-tli:lli te:ntzontli:ltic black bearded
tetl-pitztli (fruitpit) tepitztic hard
tetl (stone) tetic hard
tlalhuatl (tendon, nerve) tlalhuatic sinewy
tli:lli (soot) tli:ltic black
tzi:ntli-huitztli (thorn) tzi:nhuitztic pointed at the base
xiquipilli (bag) xixiquipiltic swollen
yacatl-huictli (hoe) yacahuictic having a long wide nose
yacatl-huitztli (thorn) yacahuitztic having a long sharp
nose (person) or having
a sharp point (thing)
yacatl-piaztli (siphon, tube) yacapiaztic having a long straight
yahualli (round grass pad) yahualtic round
-tic [-ti + -c] (preterit ending attached to denominative verb which is
derived from a patientive noun derived from source verb:
[source verb > pat. noun > denom. verb] + -c)
Source Verb "Adjective" English
ala:hua (become slick) alactic slippery
caxa:ni (loosen) cacaxactic loose, sparcely woven
cama:hua (become ripe) camactic tender, ripe
cana:hua (become thin) canactic thin
catza:hua (become dirty) catzactic dirty, dirty-colored
chama:hua (become chubby) chamactic chubby, filled out
chica:hua (be strong) chicactic strong, firm
chipa:hua (purify) chichipactic clean, pretty
chiya:hua (get s.t. greasy) chiyactic greasy
dup-coto:ni (snap, cut) cocotoctic broken, torn apart
coto:ni (snap, cut) cotoctic having a missing piece
co:tztli-toma:hua (grow fat) cotztotomactic having heavy calves of
the legs
coyo:ni (develop a hole) coyoctic hole, or having a hole
cuahuitl-tila:hua (thicken) cuauhtilactic dense (e.g. cane fence)
cuecha:hua (get moist) cuechactic moist, damp
cue:chtli-e:hua (become) cuichectic get sooty
huapa:hua (gain strength,
raise children) huapactic hard, firm
i:xtli-cuepo:ni (burst, bloom) ixcuepoctic blind of an eye
i:xtli-pitzi:ni (burst) ixpitzi:ctic blind of an eye
ihzahuaca (rustle) izahuactic hoarseness
mela:hua (straighten) melactic straight
nextli-e:hua (become) nexectic dark, ash-colored
peya:hua (overflow) peyactic flowed (e.g. water)
pitza:hua (make thin) pitzactic slender and long
pitza:hua-coyo:ni (develop hole) pitzcoyoctic narrow (e.g. hole)
po:ch [po:ctli]-e:hua (become) pochectic smoked up
pochi:na (unravel, card) pochictic teased, inflated
poxa:hui (soften) poxactic soft, spongy
tili:ni (tighten) tilictic bulged, warped
tlacua:hua (harden) tlacuactic hard
tlantli-copi:na (remove) tlancopictic having broken or
missing teeth
tlantli-coto:ni (snap, cut) tlancotoctic having broken or
missing teeth
tli:lli-e:hua (become) tli:le:ctic blackened
dup-tzaya:ni (tear, shatter) tzatzayactic broken or cut into
many pieces
tzili:ni (ring, tinkle) tzilictic having a clear sound,
like a bell
xotl-dup-patla:hua (widen) xopapatlactic having wide or large feet
xotl-dup-tila:hua (thicken) xotitilactic having wide or large feet
yacatl-dup-coto:ni (snap, cut) yacacocotoctic having no nose
zone:hua (swell, puff up) zonectic soft, spongy, light
zotla:hua (faint) zotlactic weak, withered, or
without courage
More information about the Nahuat-l
mailing list