Terms "gerund" and "verbal adverb"

[colkitto]

> I propose the following:
>
> - Verbal adverb - keep. Nice description. Except that students would get a
> better feel for perfective verbal adverbs if we told them that they are
> equivalent not only to "having done something," but also "after doing
> something."

supplemented by "by doing something", etc., and in the negative "without 
doing something ',and that sometimes the action mentioned in the verbal 
adverb follows, rather than precedes, the action mentioned in the finite 
verb. 

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