Kulak

[William Ryan]

In Dal' with a variety of associated meanings: miser, petty trader, 
second-hand dealer.  The form kulashchik is recorded as early as 1660 in 
the sense of perekupshchik (Slov. Rusk. Iaz XI-XVII vv., s.v.).
Will


Robert Chandler wrote:
> Can anyone tell me when this word first became widely used in its sense of
> �rich, exploitative peasant�?
>
> The Oxford English Dictionary gives a quotation from as early as 1879 where
> it is being used in ENGLISH with this sense (though the writer feels the
> need to explain the word):
>
> 1877 D. M. WALLACE Russia (ed. 2) I. vii. 159 Not a few industrial villages
> have thus fallen under the power of the Kulaki literally Fists as these
> monopolists are called.
>
> Spasibo!
>
> R.
>
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