World Wide Words -- 22 Nov 08

Michael Quinion wordseditor at WORLDWIDEWORDS.ORG
Fri Nov 21 16:46:44 UTC 2008


WORLD WIDE WORDS        ISSUE 614         Saturday 22 November 2008
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Sent each Saturday to at least 50,000 subscribers by e-mail and RSS
Editor: Michael Quinion, Thornbury, Bristol, UK      ISSN 1470-1448
http://www.worldwidewords.org       US advisory editor: Julane Marx
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Contents
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1. Feedback, notes and comments.
2. Turns of Phrase: Spoken Web.
3. Recently noted.
4. Weird Words: Tripudiate.
5. Elsewhere.
6. Sic!
A. Subscription information.
B. E-mail contact addresses.
C. Ways to support World Wide Words.


1. Feedback, notes and comments
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BLACK SWANS  A couple of readers pointed out that Nassim Nicholas 
Taleb wrote about black swans before his 2007 book The Black Swan: 
The Impact of the Highly Improbable. He had previously introduced 
the idea in his work of 2001, Fooled by Randomness: The Hidden Role 
of Chance in the Markets and in Life. As a result, there are some 
references to the idea before 2007, among them Maggie Mahar's book 
of 2003, Bull!: A History of the Boom, 1982-1999.

Jeremy Ardley e-mailed from the home of actual black swans: Perth, 
Western Australia. He says that they're are just as unpredictable 
as their figurative counterparts. "Their most significant feature 
is their desire to walk - slowly - to some other location. If this 
requires them to cross a four-lane highway they will do so. Usually 
this results in the entire highway stopping while the swan walks to 
its next dining stop. This happens at random during any day. Truly, 
to a commuter in Perth, a black swan is a Black Swan. It can strike 
at any time and cause untold disruption."

NEW SUBSCRIBERS  A special welcome to the many subscribers who have 
joined following a link from Randy Cassingham's newsletter This Is 
True. If you don't already subscribe to his weekly compilation of 
weird and wacky news stories, which show that collectively human 
beings have a long way to do before they achieve the pinnacle of 
evolution, you're missing a lot of fun. Follow this link to get to 
his site: http://www.thisistrue.com/.


2. Turns of Phrase: Spoken Web
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Though the Web has evolved to provide audio, pictures and video, 
for most of us our primary interaction with the online world is via 
the written word, typed text in particular. This is a high barrier 
for many people, especially in developing countries. Imagine, for 
example, how an illiterate person could use it, or somebody with no 
access to a computer or any understanding of one.

A new project from IBM India Research Laboratory called the Spoken 
Web is trying to resolve this problem. In essence, it creates Web 
sites based on the spoken word, VoiceSites, accessed by the spoken 
word using mobile phones. Computers are not widely available in 
India, but more than 200 million people have cellphones, albeit 
low-end ones without the sophisticated browsing or data-transfer 
facilities now common in developed countries. The key to adoption 
of the new system is the ease of creating the VoiceSites, which are 
then given telephone numbers equivalent to the URLs of Web sites. 
Callers navigate through the Spoken Web by voice responses using a 
simple audio browser.

IBM's plans extend to other countries as well as India. It also 
proposes to introduce facilities such as an instant translation 
service, social networking and emergency mobile health care.

* Business Standard, India, 13 Nov. 2008: The "Spoken Web" project 
aims to transform how people create, build and interact with e-
commerce sites on the world wide web using the spoken word instead 
of the written word... Farmers need to look up commodity prices; 
Fishermen need weather info before heading out to sea; Plumbers can 
schedule appointments; and Grocery shops can display catalogues, 
offer order placement, display personalized targeted advertisements 
or reminders.

* New Scientist, 24 Oct. 2008: A caller's experience of an 
individual VoiceSite is similar to the interactive voice response 
(IVR) systems that customers encounter when calling, say, an 
airline or their bank. However, where the spoken web differs from 
these systems is that different VoiceSites can be linked, just like 
in the internet.


3. Recently noted
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NEOLOGISM ALERT  We've had "staycation", a holiday spent at home to 
reduce expense during these financially straitened times. A related 
term appeared in the New York Times last weekend, "Americation", a 
vacation that's spent within the United States by Americans looking 
to reduce their carbon footprint.

WOTY AGAIN  Once again the Oxford American Dictionary is first past 
the post in the race to announce the Word of the Year. Last year, 
you may recall, it chose "locavore" (see http://wwwords.org?LOCA). 
This year, its word is another you've read about in these columns, 
"hypermiling" (http://wwwords.org?HPRM). The finalists included 
"frugalista", a person who leads a frugal lifestyle, but who stays 
fashionable and healthy by swapping clothes and buying second-hand; 
"moofer", a mobile out-of-office worker, who works away from base 
with the help of modern communications; and "topless meeting", one 
in which the participants are barred from using their laptops, 
Blackberries or mobile phones.

THINK LOCAL  Having mentioned "locavore", it may be worth saying 
something about a related term that has been appearing this past 
month, another aspect of what a writer in the Wall Street Journal 
on 5 November called The New Frugality. In the same way in which 
locavores are urged to shop locally to reduce the carbon cost of 
the long-distance transport of goods, locasexuals are encouraged to 
ditch that long-distance partner and find a significant other from 
nearer home. Barron YoungSmith used it in Slate on 22 October and 
suggested - with tongue firmly in cheek - the creation of a Date 
Local movement that would seek to reduce one's "sex miles": "The 
group would be there to cushion the brokenhearted by imparting 
newly minted locasexuals with a sense of noble self-sacrifice - not 
to mention a pool of cute, like-minded enviros who happen to live 
in the neighborhood."

EH?  You may have read here recently of the fuss over the proposal 
by Collins to remove some old words from their dictionaries to make 
room for new ones. On Monday, one of the replacements, to appear in 
the 30th anniversary edition of the Collins English Dictionary, was 
made known to the world. It's "meh". It's a marker for the global 
reach of English that a word that began life in North America only 
recently is now an interjection among young people in Britain and 
Australia to mean boring, apathetic or unimpressive. A big step on 
its rise to acceptance was its appearance in the Simpsons. The head 
of content at Collins Dictionaries, Cormac McKeown, says that its 
popularity lies in part in the way that people who e-mail and text 
do so in "a register that's somewhere in between spoken and written 
English". For the possible Yiddish background to "meh", see Ben 
Zimmer's piece on the Language Log: http://wwwords.org?MEHH.


4. Weird Words: Tripudiate  /traI'pju:dIeIt/
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To dance with excitement; to trample on an opponent in triumph.

The Oxford English Dictionary marks this as "rare and affected", a 
reasonable conclusion. It had its period before the public, in the 
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, but as writers came to eschew 
rhetoric and to prefer straightforward prose, it fell out of use 
and had pretty much vanished by the end of the nineteenth century.

A typical instance of the type of high-flown language in which it 
flourished is Thomas Carlyle's History of Friedrich II of Prussia, 
in which he recounts the occasion in 1730 when the Emperor let slip 
some premature news about the marriage of his daughter Wilhelmina: 
"Upon which the whole Palace of Charlottenburg now bursts into 
tripudiation; the very valets cutting capers, making somersets, - 
and rushing off with the news to Berlin." ["Somerset" is an old 
form of "somersault", to turn head over heels.]

The word is from Latin "tripudium", stamping on the ground, perhaps 
from words meaning "three" and "foot", indicating a measured dance, 
particularly during a religious ritual. The first sense in English 
referred to dancing, skipping or leaping for joy or excitement. The 
sense of trampling on an opponent came into the language only in 
the nineteenth century.

An example is in Love's Meinie by John Ruskin: "And observe also, 
that of the three types of lout, whose combined chorus and 
tripudiation leads the present British Constitution its devil's 
dance, this last and smoothest type is also the dullest."


5. Elsewhere
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PUNCTUATED  Last week, the Daily Telegraph and other British papers 
noted the result of a survey showing that on average nearly half of 
the 2000 people tested couldn't use the apostrophe properly. You 
may feel that there's little surprising in that, but interestingly, 
older people used it wrongly more often than young ones. See the 
story: http://wwwords.org?APOS. My thanks to Janusz Lukasiak for 
the reference.

AAARGH!  If I ever thought of running a competition for the worse 
designed language Web site in the world, I would be dissuaded by 
the fact that it would take a lot of effort to beat the current 
front runner, the Australian Word Map (http://wwwords.org?ARGH). 
Take a look and tell me I'm wrong. But it might be worth donning 
your sunglasses to discover expressions like "pack of poo tickets".

YES WE CAN!  The US elections may be over but the language lingers 
on. The Associated Press has compiled a list of the Barackisms (or 
Obamanyms) that were produced during the campaign. They range from 
"Obamaphoria" to "Barackstar". Go via http://wwwords.org?OBAM for 
the full list.

MOST ANNOYING CLICHES  According to an online survey, the BBC says 
in a report on its Web site dated last Monday, the 20 most annoying 
clichés include among them "going forward", "actually" and "touch 
base". Go via http://wwords.org?TMOC to see the story.


6. Sic!
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Rachael Weiss found an item on a menu in Turkey: "Aubergine Kebap. 
Ground veal patties with aborigine arranged on a layer of sauteed 
pita bread, topped with tomatoes and spices." She observed, "We 
white Australians haven't treated the original owners of our land 
very well, but this seems to go too far." 

A recent report on the BBC News Web site about the actor Angelina 
Jolie was headlined "Jolie 'could give up acting for babies'". It 
was found by Len Blomstrand who commented, "Presumably they have 
difficulty following the plot, but don't we all sometimes."


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