[Ads-l] Manually--now also by foot?

[Laurence Horn]

> On Jul 22, 2015, at 4:10 PM, ADSGarson O'Toole <adsgarsonotoole at GMAIL.COM> wrote:
> 
> Here is a fun instance circa 1942 in which the "automatic" operation
> requires use of a hand, and the "manual" operation requires use of a
> foot.
> 
> Year: 1942 (according to GB)
> Journal: Diesel Power
> Volume 20
> Quote Page 188 (according to GB)
> Database: Google Books snippet; text not visible in snippet; data may
> be incorrect and should be verified on paper
> 
> [Begin excerpt]
> Auto-Lite Two-Step Diesel Starting Motors are available in both manual
> (foot-pedal operated) and automatic (push button operated) types.
> [End excerpt]
> 
> Garson

Neat-o!  So manual pedals go back farther than I do.  Who knew?

LH
> 
> On Wed, Jul 22, 2015 at 11:57 AM, Laurence Horn <laurence.horn at yale.edu> wrote:
>> ---------------------- Information from the mail header -----------------------
>> Sender:       American Dialect Society <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
>> Poster:       Laurence Horn <laurence.horn at YALE.EDU>
>> Subject:      Re: Manually--now also by foot?
>> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> 
>>> On Jul 22, 2015, at 11:32 AM, Dan Goncharoff <thegonch at gmail.com> =
>> wrote:
>>> =20
>>> How, in 1991, could he "do the computation on his laptop manually" =
>> without
>>> typing with his fingers on the keyboard and hitting the Enter key to
>>> execute each step? (Today you could use voice commands.)
>> 
>> That's why I said the OED cite "involve[s] a contrast between electronic =
>> and human energy, rather than between using a less automatized rather =
>> than a more automatized method" and suggested it needs to be updated, =
>> and why I used the Stephen Hawking example to make the point that hands =
>> need not be involved.
>> 
>>> =20
>>> I don't see an issue with "manually" referring to a process requiring =
>> a
>>> finger on the keyboard to make each step happen.
>> 
>> Or a non-finger, in the case of voice commands or the Hawking-style =
>> communication. =20
>> 
>>> =20
>>> I do agree with the original point, thanks to Latin. I wonder if the =
>> author
>>> doesn't realize that "manually" means "by hand", and not "by a =
>> person".
>> 
>> Cf. our earlier thread noting the reanalysis of "mano a mano", as =
>> demonstrated by those (presumably unfamiliar with Spanish or other =
>> Romance languages) who refer to "womano a womano" confrontations.  But =
>> I'd put my money on the general shift of "manual" to mean =
>> 'non-automatic'.
>> 
>> LH
>> 
>>> Does the word "pedally" exist? ]8}
>>> =20
>>> DanG
>>> =20
>>> On Wed, Jul 22, 2015 at 11:13 AM, Laurence Horn =
>> <laurence.horn at yale.edu>
>>> wrote:
>>> =20
>>>> ---------------------- Information from the mail header
>>>> -----------------------
>>>> Sender:       American Dialect Society <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
>>>> Poster:       Laurence Horn <laurence.horn at YALE.EDU>
>>>> Subject:      Re: Manually--now also by foot?
>>>> =20
>>>> =
>> --------------------------------------------------------------------------=
>> -----
>>>> =20
>>>>> On Jul 22, 2015, at 4:30 AM, Margaret Lee =3D
>>>> <0000006730deb3bf-dmarc-request at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU> wrote:
>>>>> =3D20
>>>>> Subaru  has released a notice to owners of their Outback, Crosstrek, =
>> =3D
>>>> and Legacy models that the vehicles' Eyesight Driver Assist System is =
>> =3D
>>>> now a safety hazard due to a "brake lamp switch failure."  Eyesight =
>> is a =3D
>>>> safety device that is supposed to warn the driver of an imminent =
>> frontal =3D
>>>> collision and automatically stop the vehicle. In light of this safety =
>> =3D
>>>> defect, the driver will now have to "manually apply the brake pedal," =
>> =3D
>>>> according to the notice.  Does _manually_  now also mean performed by =
>> =3D
>>>> the foot?
>>>> =20
>>>> If not, it sounds *extremely* inconvenient for the driver.  (But at =3D=
>> 
>>>> least for me, "manually" has already generalized to =
>> "non-automatically" =3D
>>>> or "in a one-by-one-manner" in electronic contexts, e.g. having to =3D
>>>> change the footnote numbers in a document "manually" as opposed to =
>> using =3D
>>>> a global command. (You're still using the computer  The OED sort of =3D=
>> 
>>>> alludes to this extended use, but not as explicitly as they might, in =
>> =3D
>>>> the "later use" half of the basic definition:
>>>> =20
>>>> manually, adv.
>>>> 1a. With or using the hand or hands; by manual operation or =3D
>>>> intervention. In later use: by human effort rather than by automatic, =
>> =3D
>>>> electronic, etc., means.
>>>> =20
>>>> And the one cite still does involve a contrast between electronic and =
>> =3D
>>>> human energy, rather than between using a less automatized rather =
>> than a =3D
>>>> more automatized method:
>>>> =20
>>>> 1991   What Personal Computer Dec. 105/3   This meant the =3D
>>>> computer-generated statement of accounts couldn't be used, and had to =
>> be =3D
>>>> recalculated manually.
>>>> =20
>>>> Is there another dictionary that contains the relevant meaning? (AHD =
>> =3D
>>>> doesn't.)  Notice that the use of "manually" I have in mind doesn't =
>> even =3D
>>>> need to involve the use of fingers or hands on a keyboard:
>>>> =20
>>>> "Hawking couldn't get the program to work, so he had to do the =3D
>>>> computation on his laptop manually", where neither method involves =
>> using =3D
>>>> his fingers but the two differ in degree of automaticity. =3D20
>>>> =20
>>>> LH
>>>> =20
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