[Ads-l] Manually--now also by foot?

[ADSGarson O'Toole]

Here is a fun instance circa 1942 in which the "automatic" operation
requires use of a hand, and the "manual" operation requires use of a
foot.

Year: 1942 (according to GB)
Journal: Diesel Power
Volume 20
Quote Page 188 (according to GB)
Database: Google Books snippet; text not visible in snippet; data may
be incorrect and should be verified on paper

[Begin excerpt]
Auto-Lite Two-Step Diesel Starting Motors are available in both manual
(foot-pedal operated) and automatic (push button operated) types.
[End excerpt]

Garson

On Wed, Jul 22, 2015 at 11:57 AM, Laurence Horn <laurence.horn at yale.edu> wrote:
> ---------------------- Information from the mail header -----------------------
> Sender:       American Dialect Society <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
> Poster:       Laurence Horn <laurence.horn at YALE.EDU>
> Subject:      Re: Manually--now also by foot?
> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>> On Jul 22, 2015, at 11:32 AM, Dan Goncharoff <thegonch at gmail.com> =
> wrote:
>>=20
>> How, in 1991, could he "do the computation on his laptop manually" =
> without
>> typing with his fingers on the keyboard and hitting the Enter key to
>> execute each step? (Today you could use voice commands.)
>
> That's why I said the OED cite "involve[s] a contrast between electronic =
> and human energy, rather than between using a less automatized rather =
> than a more automatized method" and suggested it needs to be updated, =
> and why I used the Stephen Hawking example to make the point that hands =
> need not be involved.
>
>>=20
>> I don't see an issue with "manually" referring to a process requiring =
> a
>> finger on the keyboard to make each step happen.
>
> Or a non-finger, in the case of voice commands or the Hawking-style =
> communication. =20
>
>>=20
>> I do agree with the original point, thanks to Latin. I wonder if the =
> author
>> doesn't realize that "manually" means "by hand", and not "by a =
> person".
>
> Cf. our earlier thread noting the reanalysis of "mano a mano", as =
> demonstrated by those (presumably unfamiliar with Spanish or other =
> Romance languages) who refer to "womano a womano" confrontations.  But =
> I'd put my money on the general shift of "manual" to mean =
> 'non-automatic'.
>
> LH
>
>> Does the word "pedally" exist? ]8}
>>=20
>> DanG
>>=20
>> On Wed, Jul 22, 2015 at 11:13 AM, Laurence Horn =
> <laurence.horn at yale.edu>
>> wrote:
>>=20
>>> ---------------------- Information from the mail header
>>> -----------------------
>>> Sender:       American Dialect Society <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
>>> Poster:       Laurence Horn <laurence.horn at YALE.EDU>
>>> Subject:      Re: Manually--now also by foot?
>>>=20
>>> =
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------=
> -----
>>>=20
>>>> On Jul 22, 2015, at 4:30 AM, Margaret Lee =3D
>>> <0000006730deb3bf-dmarc-request at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU> wrote:
>>>> =3D20
>>>> Subaru  has released a notice to owners of their Outback, Crosstrek, =
> =3D
>>> and Legacy models that the vehicles' Eyesight Driver Assist System is =
> =3D
>>> now a safety hazard due to a "brake lamp switch failure."  Eyesight =
> is a =3D
>>> safety device that is supposed to warn the driver of an imminent =
> frontal =3D
>>> collision and automatically stop the vehicle. In light of this safety =
> =3D
>>> defect, the driver will now have to "manually apply the brake pedal," =
>  =3D
>>> according to the notice.  Does _manually_  now also mean performed by =
> =3D
>>> the foot?
>>>=20
>>> If not, it sounds *extremely* inconvenient for the driver.  (But at =3D=
>
>>> least for me, "manually" has already generalized to =
> "non-automatically" =3D
>>> or "in a one-by-one-manner" in electronic contexts, e.g. having to =3D
>>> change the footnote numbers in a document "manually" as opposed to =
> using =3D
>>> a global command. (You're still using the computer  The OED sort of =3D=
>
>>> alludes to this extended use, but not as explicitly as they might, in =
> =3D
>>> the "later use" half of the basic definition:
>>>=20
>>> manually, adv.
>>> 1a. With or using the hand or hands; by manual operation or =3D
>>> intervention. In later use: by human effort rather than by automatic, =
> =3D
>>> electronic, etc., means.
>>>=20
>>> And the one cite still does involve a contrast between electronic and =
> =3D
>>> human energy, rather than between using a less automatized rather =
> than a =3D
>>> more automatized method:
>>>=20
>>> 1991   What Personal Computer Dec. 105/3   This meant the =3D
>>> computer-generated statement of accounts couldn't be used, and had to =
> be =3D
>>> recalculated manually.
>>>=20
>>> Is there another dictionary that contains the relevant meaning? (AHD =
> =3D
>>> doesn't.)  Notice that the use of "manually" I have in mind doesn't =
> even =3D
>>> need to involve the use of fingers or hands on a keyboard:
>>>=20
>>> "Hawking couldn't get the program to work, so he had to do the =3D
>>> computation on his laptop manually", where neither method involves =
> using =3D
>>> his fingers but the two differ in degree of automaticity. =3D20
>>>=20
>>> LH
>>>=20
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