Summary: calques in Philippine languages

[Piers Kelly]

Hi AN-langers,
Thanks for your responses. Here is a summary of what respondents believed
were calques in Philippine languages - including the ones I originally
proposed. (I may have missed a few that you sent but you get the idea)

General:

   - greetings
   - formulas for telling the time
   - quantifying formulas

Visayan:

   - *Ginuu ku *from Spanish *¡Dios mio!*
   - *Matag karun ug unya * from English 'Every now and then'
   - *Mas ... *[adj] *sa ...* from Spanish *Más ... * [adj] *que...* ('more
   s.t. than s.t')
   - *Daghan salamat* from Spanish *Muchas gracias*
   - *Maayung buntag/hapun/gabii from Spanish Buenos/as dias/tardes/noches*
   - *Kumusta ka? *from Spanish *¿Como estas?, **¿Como esta usted?*

Tagalog:

   - *Mas ... *[adj] *kay ...* from Spanish *Más ... * [adj] *que...* ('more
   s.t. than s.t')
   - *Maraming salamat* from Spanish *Muchas gracias*
   - *Magandang umaga/hapon/gabii from Spanish Buenos/as dias/tardes/noches*
   - *Ina ko! *or *Nako! *from Spanish *¡Ay, mi madre!*
   -
   - *buong araw *from English 'whole day'* *or Spanish* todo el día or
   toda la jornada*, also *buong gabi* ('whole night'); the non-calque
   versions are *maghapon* and *magdamag*

Tausug:



   - *Marayaw adlaw*, from Tagalog *Magandang adlaw*; see above.

*
*
Thanks again, or should I awkwardly say '*Salamat usab'*?

Piers



-- 
Piers Kelly | PhD Scholar
Linguistics, College of Asia and the Pacific
The Australian National University
(02) 6125 3271
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