[Lingtyp] Term for “non-pronominal anaphora"

Mon May 31 04:51:15 UTC 2021

Hi All,
Halliday and Hassan’s (1976: 31ff.) approach seems to me the most useful and insightful (see also Halliday 1994: 312ff.). They look at it as part of a general approach to understanding cohesion in texts. They suggest that exophoric reference (referring to something identifiable in the context) is ontologically primary, and endophoric (anaphoric and cataphoric reference) is secondary. In both of the latter two cases it isn’t referring to an earlier or later word (that would be discourse deixis), but to an identifiable referent, for the second (or more) time. There is nothing in the grammar that forces the interpretation of the reference to some referent as being to the same referent as an earlier activated referent; the link is made by inference, and they argue that making that inferential link between the two references, regardless of what form is used, creates cohesion in the mind of the addressee. 

Halliday, MAK & Ruqaiya Hasan. 1976. Cohesion in English. Longman.
Halliday, MAK. 1994. An Introduction to Functional Grammar. Edward Arnold.

Randy
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> On 31 May 2021, at 2:01 AM, Mira Ariel <mariel at tauex.tau.ac.il> wrote:
> 
> I would call 'anaphoric' the use of any linguistic expression which indicates referential dependency on some antecedent (a different explicit linguistic expression). Anaphoricity is about use, not about form. Of course, linguistic expressions differ as to how prone they are to be referentially (in)dependent in their use (e.g., lexical NPs vs. pronouns). Cross-sentence and intra-sentence referential dependency alike constitute anaphora (Bill). And anaphoric and cataphoric uses alike show referential dependency, so no problem here (Paolo).
>  
> Am I missing something?
>  
> Mira
>  
> From: Lingtyp [mailto:lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org <mailto:lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org>] On Behalf Of paolo Ramat
> Sent: Sunday, May 30, 2021 10:38 AM
> To: William Croft <wcroft at unm.edu <mailto:wcroft at unm.edu>>
> Cc: LINGTYP <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org <mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>>
> Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Term for “non-pronominal anaphora"
>  
> I agree with Bill: "anaphora" does not refer only to "pronouns" or "pro-forms". In a sentence such asThe jury found him guilty and the verdict shocked him deeply  'the verdict' refers anaphorically (= looking backwards)  to what has been said  in the first coordinated sentence. On the contrary, The verdict of the jury was: he is guilty . 'the verdict' is in cataphoric (=looking forwards) position.
> I think that if we consider anaphora and cataphora together, we can get a better understanding of both.
>  
> Paolo
>  
>  
>  
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> Il giorno dom 30 mag 2021 alle ore 15:48 William Croft <wcroft at unm.edu <mailto:wcroft at unm.edu>> ha scritto:
> Dear all,
>  
>    I find the definition of "anaphora" implied in Ian's post to presuppose a theory of anaphora that not everyone, certainly not myself, agrees with. Namely, that anaphora only happens across sentences, and/or the only strategy for anaphora are "pronouns" or "pro-forms". Both of these assumptions have been debated, and there are different theories; see Croft (2013) and references cited therein. I think "anaphora" as a comparative concept should be defined more broadly -- as I think it generally is -- to accommodate different theories about the possible form of anaphoric expressions, and their possible distribution.
>  
> Bill
>  
> Croft, William. 2013. “Agreement as anaphora, anaphora as coreference.” Languages across boundaries: studies in memory of Anna Siewierska, ed. Dik Bakker and Martin Haspelmath, 107-29. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
>  
> From: Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org <mailto:lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org>> on behalf of JOO, Ian [Student] <ian.joo at connect.polyu.hk <mailto:ian.joo at connect.polyu.hk>>
> Sent: Sunday, May 30, 2021 1:54 AM
> To: LINGTYP <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org <mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>>
> Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Term for “non-pronominal anaphora"
>  
>   [EXTERNAL]
> 
> Dear all,
> 
> thank you for your guidance.
> I think the closest form is “lexical/nominal anaphora” but given the examples I’ve read so far, it seems that they are different from the lexical repetition within a clause.
> For example, in the following sentence, “the guy” refers to John, but it’s not in the same clause as “John”:
> “I know John_i. The guy_i has a dog.”
> But in the following Korean, the two occurences of “John” are within the same clause:
> “John_i-kwa John_i-uy kay" (lit. John_i and John_i’s dog)
> So I think the the within-clause repetition and cross-clause repetition must be distinguished.
> Also I agree with Martin’s initial suggestion that this Korean case shouldn’t be termed as “anaphora” because it really isn’t anaphoric reference. It’s just the repeated occurrence of the same lexeme where you would expect anaphora in an European language, so to call it anaphora might be a little Euro-centric.
> 
> From Hong Kong, 
> Ian
> On 27 May 2021, 11:41 PM +0800, Christian Chiarcos <christian.chiarcos at web.de <mailto:christian.chiarcos at web.de>>, wrote:
> 
> Depends on the context, I guess. In the area of *anaphor resolution* and *linguistic annotation*, "nominal anaphora" is much more established. "Lexical anaphora" is potentially ambiguous, because it would also cover or at least overlap with "verbal anaphora", a term occasionally used for "do so" constructions and/or verb repetitions.
>  
> Best,
> Christian
>  
> Am Fr., 21. Mai 2021 um 08:00 Uhr schrieb JOO, Ian [Student] <ian.joo at connect.polyu.hk <mailto:ian.joo at connect.polyu.hk>>:
> Dear all,
> 
> is there a term for “non-pronominal anaphora”, i. e. using personal names or titles for anaphoric reference?
> Example:
> Hyeng-kwa hyeng-uy chinkwu
> older.brother-COM older.brother-GEN friend
> `Older brother and his (lit. older brother’s) friend’ (Korean)
> I tried to search it in Google, but since I don’t know what this phenomenon is called, I don’t know what to search for.
> I would appreciate your help.
> 
> Regards, 
> ian
> 
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