[Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'

Thu Jan 27 11:21:06 UTC 2022

Dear Eline, Matthew, all,

I think, like in Ulwa, the Timor-Alor-Pantar languages have what I claimed was a not-uncommon Papuan 'give' construction, namely one using two transitive verbs, one with a Theme as its object, the other with a Recipient. I think it's still an open question whether there are languages that encode giving events with two transitive verbs, *both* of which take the Theme argument as their object, as in Matthew's example:

"I presented the book (to him) and he took it"

Anyone?

Russell

Russell Barlow
Postdoctoral Researcher
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
russell_barlow at eva.mpg.de

> On 01/27/2022 11:30 AM Eline Visser <eelienu at pm.me> wrote:
> 
>  
> I think the Timor-Alar-Pantar languages have the thing your colleague is looking for, as described in Klamer & Schapper 2012 (https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/access/item%3A2863403/view). Check also Unterladstetter 2020 (https://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/213).
> 
> A propos verbless give-constructions, Kalamang (a Papuan language of eastern Indonesia) has a similar thing to what David describes for Papuan Malay. In Kalamang, a give construction takes one of four forms:
> 
> With a nominal Recipient:
> 1a) Agent Theme=OBJ CAUS=Recipient=BEN ∅
> 1b) Agent Theme=OBJ Recipient=BEN ∅
> With a pronominal Recipient:
> 2a) Agent Theme=OBJ CAUS=Recipient ∅
> 2b) Agent Theme=OBJ Recipient ∅
> 
> Since the Theme is often left out, Kalamang has some very minimal give-constructions in the corpus consisting of just two pronouns:
> 
> an ka ∅
> 1SG 2SG give
> 'I give you'
> 
> You can download the Kalamang grammar here: https://portal.research.lu.se/en/publications/a-grammar-of-kalamang-the-papuan-language-of-the-karas-islands (give-constructions on p. 290, the analysis is a bit different from what I've presented here though).
> 
> Eline
> 
> 
> ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ Original Message ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
> 
> On Thursday, January 27th, 2022 at 11:06 AM, <lingtyp-request at listserv.linguistlist.org> wrote:
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> > Today's Topics:
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> > 1.  languages lacking a verb for 'give' (Matthew Dryer)
> > 2.  Re: languages lacking a verb for 'give' (David Gil)
> > 3.  Re: languages lacking a verb for 'give' (Daniel Ross)
> > 4.  Re: languages lacking a verb for 'give' (Russell Barlow)
> > 5.  Re: languages lacking a verb for 'give' (Daniel Ross)
> > 6.  Re: languages lacking a verb for 'give' (Mira Ariel)
> > 7.  Re: languages lacking a verb for 'give' (Guillaume Jacques)
> > 8.  Re: languages lacking a verb for 'give' (Jess Tauber)
> > 9.  Re: languages lacking a verb for 'give' (Maia Ponsonnet)
> > 10.  Re: languages lacking a verb for 'give' (Paolo Ramat)
> > 11.  Call for abstracts for an ALT 2022 workshop on fillers and
> >
> >     placeholders (Françoise Rose)
> >
> >
> > Message: 1
> >
> > Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2022 03:43:21 +0000
> >
> > From: Matthew Dryer dryer at buffalo.edu
> >
> > To: "lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org"
> >
> > lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> >
> > Subject: [Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'
> >
> > Message-ID: 88FA2E2C-1811-44D2-8C20-D970C885597F at buffalo.edu
> >
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
> >
> > I am sending this query on behalf of a colleague.
> >
> > He wants to know whether anyone knows of a language that lacks a "give" type verb and would express something like "I gave him the book" instead as something like "I presented the book (to him) and he took it". That is, is there a language that can only express a give-type concept with two more analytic clauses?
> >
> > Matthew Dryer
> >
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> > Message: 2
> >
> > Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2022 06:21:40 +0200
> >
> > From: David Gil gil at shh.mpg.de
> >
> > To: lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> >
> > Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'
> >
> > Message-ID: fe72fb27-52b8-a234-0255-0ed167e78bb6 at shh.mpg.de
> >
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> >
> > Dear Matthew, all,
> >
> > Gil (2017), dealing with a range of Austronesian and non-Austronesian
> >
> > languages of Northwest New Guinea, discusses ways in which a language
> >
> > may fail to have a word for GIVE.Its focus is on the coexpression of
> >
> > GIVE, DO, and a variety of other grammatical functions.For example, in
> >
> > Meyah (NE Bird's Head), /eita /DO plus /gu/ TO means GIVE, while /eita/
> >
> > DO plus /jeska /FROM means TAKE (p.84).Similarly, in Yawa (isolate),
> >
> > /au/ DO plus /to /GO means GIVE (p.84)
> >
> > Gil, David (2017) "Roon ve, DO/GIVE Coexpression, and Language Contact
> >
> > in Northwest New Guinea", in A. Schapper ed., /Contact and Substrate in
> >
> > the Languages of Wallacea Part 1/, /NUSA/ 62:41-100.
> >
> > (http://hdl.handle.net/10108/89844)
> >
> > Since writing the above paper I became aware of another way in which a
> >
> > language can avoid using a word for GIVE.In Papuan Malay there is a GIVE
> >
> > word, but the notion of giving can also be expressed by simply leaving
> >
> > the GIVE word out.So for example, a sequence of three nouns, N N N, may
> >
> > in the right context be interpreted as "A gives G P".(No other "verb
> >
> > meaning" is obtainable this way.)
> >
> > David
> >
> > On 27/01/2022 05:43, Matthew Dryer wrote:
> >
> > > I am sending this query on behalf of a colleague.
> > >
> > > He wants to know whether anyone knows of a language that lacks a
> > >
> > > "give" type verb and would express something like "I gave him the
> > >
> > > book" instead as something like "I presented the book (to him) and he
> > >
> > > took it". That is, is there a language that can only express a
> > >
> > > give-type concept with two more analytic clauses?
> > >
> > > Matthew Dryer
> > >
> > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > >
> > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > >
> > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> >
> > David Gil
> >
> > Senior Scientist (Associate)
> >
> > Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
> >
> > Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
> >
> > Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
> >
> > Email:gil at shh.mpg.de
> >
> > Mobile Phone (Israel): +972-526117713
> >
> > Mobile Phone (Indonesia): +62-81344082091
> >
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> > Message: 3
> >
> > Date: Wed, 26 Jan 2022 20:25:50 -0800
> >
> > From: Daniel Ross djross3 at gmail.com
> >
> > To: Matthew Dryer dryer at buffalo.edu
> >
> > Cc: "lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org"
> >
> > lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> >
> > Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'
> >
> > Message-ID:
> >
> > CAAm4d-6MNmCxPtyAgYPYNyu-=8Z73uDTZp1n3u7sTy8DiPWgJw at mail.gmail.com
> >
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
> >
> > Dear Matthew,
> >
> > This is a common pattern for languages with serial verb constructions,
> >
> > along the lines of "take book give him", etc. There has been a lot written
> >
> > about the lack of argument structure in these languages (some claiming that
> >
> > three arguments are not possible in some languages), and that SVCs can
> >
> > supplement that argument structure (and possibly a small inventory of
> >
> > verbs, according to some sources). I'm not as confident in some of the more
> >
> > extreme claims about this, but it is clear that this pattern is widespread
> >
> > among many of these languages (I know I've seen explicit claims for West
> >
> > Africa and creoles, and probably elsewhere). At the same time, it is not
> >
> > clear that these languages, strictly speaking, lack a lexical verb "give",
> >
> > since one of the verbs in this construction can be translated as such,
> >
> > although it is used with another verb (often 'take') to supplement it for
> >
> > the full argument structure. Other patterns are found too, and probably
> >
> > various other lexical verbs are used in a function like 'give', so it
> >
> > becomes a question of lexical translation. (This more generally is related
> >
> > to patterns of verbs in SVCs developing into prepositions.)
> >
> > I'm sorry I don't immediately have any specific languages/references in
> >
> > mind, but let me know if you'd like me to try to find some. I know that
> >
> > Sebba 1987 discusses this in some detail, and here's one example:
> >
> > ɔde sekaŋ no mãã me
> >
> > he-take knife the give-PAST me
> >
> > 'S/he gave me the knife' [originally from Christaller 1875: 118]
> >
> > Sebba, Mark. 1987. The syntax of serial verbs: an investigation into
> >
> > serialisation in Sranan and other languages. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
> >
> > https://doi.org/10.1075/cll.2
> >
> > (Tangential note: SVCs like this are generally considered monoclausal, by
> >
> > a variety of metrics, so I wouldn't call this "two analytic clauses",
> >
> > although the effect is the same. My dissertation thoroughly reviews the
> >
> > issue of monoclausality: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5546425 -- but I
> >
> > don't discuss this specific question about 'give'.)
> >
> > Finally, one extra comment, which is probably not what your colleague is
> >
> > after, is that there are some languages where the lexical verb 'give' is
> >
> > (at least in some cases) a zero root or null morpheme, i.e. indicated by
> >
> > lack of phonological content plus other inflectional morphology. This is
> >
> > discussed for some PNG languages here:
> >
> > https://www.academia.edu/40037774/Comrie_B_and_R_Zamponi_2019_Verb_root_ellipsis_In_Morphological_perspectives_papers_in_honour_of_Greville_G_Corbett_ed_by_M_Baerman_O_Bond_and_A_Hippisley_Edinburgh_Edinburgh_University_Press_pp_233_280
> >
> > Daniel
> >
> > On Wed, Jan 26, 2022 at 7:43 PM Matthew Dryer dryer at buffalo.edu wrote:
> >
> > > I am sending this query on behalf of a colleague.
> > >
> > > He wants to know whether anyone knows of a language that lacks a "give"
> > >
> > > type verb and would express something like "I gave him the book" instead as
> > >
> > > something like "I presented the book (to him) and he took it". That is, is
> > >
> > > there a language that can only express a give-type concept with two more
> > >
> > > analytic clauses?
> > >
> > > Matthew Dryer
> > >
> > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > >
> > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > >
> > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> >
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> >
> > Message: 4
> >
> > Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2022 06:35:23 +0100 (CET)
> >
> > From: Russell Barlow russell_barlow at eva.mpg.de
> >
> > Cc: "lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org"
> >
> > lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> >
> > Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'
> >
> > Message-ID: 1935841372.314956.1643261723075 at webmail.eva.mpg.de
> >
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
> >
> > Dear Matthew, all,
> >
> > I describe 'give' events in Ulwa (Papua New Guinea) a bit (Barlow 2018: 285-289). They are encoded with two verbs, one meaning 'take', the other meaning, well, 'give' (?) (I can't say 'present', as in your example "I presented the book (to him) and he took it", since the object of the second verb is a Recipient, not a Theme). I think 'give' constructions as are found in Ulwa occur fairly commonly in Papuan languages, although, as Daniel points out, they're hard to spot, since almost invariably the grammar writer glosses one of the verbs as 'give'.
> >
> > So Ulwa, like Akan (?) in Daniel's example, uses two verbs for 'give' events. Also as in that example, the object of one verb is a Theme, while the object of the other verb is a Recipient. If your colleague is specifically looking for constructions where both verbs take (only) a Theme argument, then I don't know of any such languages offhand. I, too, would be very interested in seeing some examples of that!
> >
> > Best,
> >
> > Russell
> >
> > Barlow, Russell. 2018. A grammar of Ulwa. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa; xiv+546pp.)
> >
> > Russell Barlow
> >
> > Postdoctoral Researcher
> >
> > Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
> >
> > Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
> >
> > russell_barlow at eva.mpg.de
> >
> > > On 01/27/2022 5:25 AM Daniel Ross djross3 at gmail.com wrote:
> > >
> > > Dear Matthew,
> > >
> > > This is a common pattern for languages with serial verb constructions, along the lines of "take book give him", etc. There has been a lot written about the lack of argument structure in these languages (some claiming that three arguments are not possible in some languages), and that SVCs can supplement that argument structure (and possibly a small inventory of verbs, according to some sources). I'm not as confident in some of the more extreme claims about this, but it is clear that this pattern is widespread among many of these languages (I know I've seen explicit claims for West Africa and creoles, and probably elsewhere). At the same time, it is not clear that these languages, strictly speaking, lack a lexical verb "give", since one of the verbs in this construction can be translated as such, although it is used with another verb (often 'take') to supplement it for the full argument structure. Other patterns are found too, and probably various other lexical verbs are used in a function like 'give', so it becomes a question of lexical translation. (This more generally is related to patterns of verbs in SVCs developing into prepositions.)
> > >
> > > I'm sorry I don't immediately have any specific languages/references in mind, but let me know if you'd like me to try to find some. I know that Sebba 1987 discusses this in some detail, and here's one example:
> > >
> > > ɔde sekaŋ no mãã me
> > >
> > > he-take knife the give-PAST me
> > >
> > > 'S/he gave me the knife' [originally from Christaller 1875: 118]
> > >
> > > Sebba, Mark. 1987. The syntax of serial verbs: an investigation into serialisation in Sranan and other languages. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/cll.2
> > >
> > > (Tangential note: SVCs like this are generally considered monoclausal, by a variety of metrics, so I wouldn't call this "two analytic clauses", although the effect is the same. My dissertation thoroughly reviews the issue of monoclausality: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5546425 -- but I don't discuss this specific question about 'give'.)
> > >
> > > Finally, one extra comment, which is probably not what your colleague is after, is that there are some languages where the lexical verb 'give' is (at least in some cases) a zero root or null morpheme, i.e. indicated by lack of phonological content plus other inflectional morphology. This is discussed for some PNG languages here:
> > >
> > > https://www.academia.edu/40037774/Comrie_B_and_R_Zamponi_2019_Verb_root_ellipsis_In_Morphological_perspectives_papers_in_honour_of_Greville_G_Corbett_ed_by_M_Baerman_O_Bond_and_A_Hippisley_Edinburgh_Edinburgh_University_Press_pp_233_280
> > >
> > > Daniel
> > >
> > > On Wed, Jan 26, 2022 at 7:43 PM Matthew Dryer <dryer at buffalo.edu mailto:dryer at buffalo.edu > wrote:
> > >
> > > > I am sending this query on behalf of a colleague.
> > > >
> > > > He wants to know whether anyone knows of a language that lacks a "give" type verb and would express something like "I gave him the book" instead as something like "I presented the book (to him) and he took it". That is, is there a language that can only express a give-type concept with two more analytic clauses?
> > > >
> > > > Matthew Dryer
> > > >
> > > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > > >
> > > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org mailto:Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > > >
> > > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> > >
> > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > >
> > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > >
> > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> >
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> > Message: 5
> >
> > Date: Wed, 26 Jan 2022 21:43:38 -0800
> >
> > From: Daniel Ross djross3 at gmail.com
> >
> > To: Russell Barlow russell_barlow at eva.mpg.de
> >
> > Cc: "lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org"
> >
> > lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> >
> > Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'
> >
> > Message-ID:
> >
> > CAAm4d-4X9PJFxu0OmadpTLup6qFuFHqhLP+e6i9pr20PoscGVQ at mail.gmail.com
> >
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
> >
> > (Yes, Russel is correct the example was from Akan. Sorry I didn't specify
> >
> > that, but it's schematically representative of a common type of SVCs in
> >
> > general.)
> >
> > On Wed, Jan 26, 2022 at 9:38 PM Russell Barlow russell_barlow at eva.mpg.de
> >
> > wrote:
> >
> > > Dear Matthew, all,
> > >
> > > I describe 'give' events in Ulwa (Papua New Guinea) a bit (Barlow 2018:
> > >
> > > 285-289). They are encoded with two verbs, one meaning 'take', the other
> > >
> > > meaning, well, 'give' (?) (I can't say 'present', as in your example "I
> > >
> > > presented the book (to him) and he took it", since the object of the second
> > >
> > > verb is a Recipient, not a Theme). I think 'give' constructions as are
> > >
> > > found in Ulwa occur fairly commonly in Papuan languages, although, as
> > >
> > > Daniel points out, they're hard to spot, since almost invariably the
> > >
> > > grammar writer glosses one of the verbs as 'give'.
> > >
> > > So Ulwa, like Akan (?) in Daniel's example, uses two verbs for 'give'
> > >
> > > events. Also as in that example, the object of one verb is a Theme, while
> > >
> > > the object of the other verb is a Recipient. If your colleague is
> > >
> > > specifically looking for constructions where both verbs take (only) a
> > >
> > > Theme argument, then I don't know of any such languages offhand. I, too,
> > >
> > > would be very interested in seeing some examples of that!
> > >
> > > Best,
> > >
> > > Russell
> > >
> > > Barlow, Russell. 2018. A grammar of Ulwa. (Doctoral dissertation,
> > >
> > > University of Hawai'i at Mānoa; xiv+546pp.)
> > >
> > > Russell Barlow
> > >
> > > Postdoctoral Researcher
> > >
> > > Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
> > >
> > > Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
> > >
> > > russell_barlow at eva.mpg.de
> > >
> > > On 01/27/2022 5:25 AM Daniel Ross djross3 at gmail.com wrote:
> > >
> > > Dear Matthew,
> > >
> > > This is a common pattern for languages with serial verb constructions,
> > >
> > > along the lines of "take book give him", etc. There has been a lot written
> > >
> > > about the lack of argument structure in these languages (some claiming that
> > >
> > > three arguments are not possible in some languages), and that SVCs can
> > >
> > > supplement that argument structure (and possibly a small inventory of
> > >
> > > verbs, according to some sources). I'm not as confident in some of the more
> > >
> > > extreme claims about this, but it is clear that this pattern is widespread
> > >
> > > among many of these languages (I know I've seen explicit claims for West
> > >
> > > Africa and creoles, and probably elsewhere). At the same time, it is not
> > >
> > > clear that these languages, strictly speaking, lack a lexical verb "give",
> > >
> > > since one of the verbs in this construction can be translated as such,
> > >
> > > although it is used with another verb (often 'take') to supplement it for
> > >
> > > the full argument structure. Other patterns are found too, and probably
> > >
> > > various other lexical verbs are used in a function like 'give', so it
> > >
> > > becomes a question of lexical translation. (This more generally is related
> > >
> > > to patterns of verbs in SVCs developing into prepositions.)
> > >
> > > I'm sorry I don't immediately have any specific languages/references in
> > >
> > > mind, but let me know if you'd like me to try to find some. I know that
> > >
> > > Sebba 1987 discusses this in some detail, and here's one example:
> > >
> > > ɔde sekaŋ no mãã me
> > >
> > > he-take knife the give-PAST me
> > >
> > > 'S/he gave me the knife' [originally from Christaller 1875: 118]
> > >
> > > Sebba, Mark. 1987. The syntax of serial verbs: an investigation into
> > >
> > > serialisation in Sranan and other languages. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
> > >
> > > https://doi.org/10.1075/cll.2
> > >
> > > (Tangential note: SVCs like this are generally considered monoclausal,
> > >
> > > by a variety of metrics, so I wouldn't call this "two analytic clauses",
> > >
> > > although the effect is the same. My dissertation thoroughly reviews the
> > >
> > > issue of monoclausality: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5546425 -- but I
> > >
> > > don't discuss this specific question about 'give'.)
> > >
> > > Finally, one extra comment, which is probably not what your colleague is
> > >
> > > after, is that there are some languages where the lexical verb 'give' is
> > >
> > > (at least in some cases) a zero root or null morpheme, i.e. indicated by
> > >
> > > lack of phonological content plus other inflectional morphology. This is
> > >
> > > discussed for some PNG languages here:
> > >
> > > https://www.academia.edu/40037774/Comrie_B_and_R_Zamponi_2019_Verb_root_ellipsis_In_Morphological_perspectives_papers_in_honour_of_Greville_G_Corbett_ed_by_M_Baerman_O_Bond_and_A_Hippisley_Edinburgh_Edinburgh_University_Press_pp_233_280
> > >
> > > Daniel
> > >
> > > On Wed, Jan 26, 2022 at 7:43 PM Matthew Dryer dryer at buffalo.edu wrote:
> > >
> > > I am sending this query on behalf of a colleague.
> > >
> > > He wants to know whether anyone knows of a language that lacks a "give"
> > >
> > > type verb and would express something like "I gave him the book" instead as
> > >
> > > something like "I presented the book (to him) and he took it". That is, is
> > >
> > > there a language that can only express a give-type concept with two more
> > >
> > > analytic clauses?
> > >
> > > Matthew Dryer
> > >
> > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > >
> > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > >
> > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> > >
> > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > >
> > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > >
> > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> > >
> > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > >
> > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > >
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> >
> > Message: 6
> >
> > Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2022 08:18:18 +0000
> >
> > From: Mira Ariel mariel at tauex.tau.ac.il
> >
> > To: David Gil gil at shh.mpg.de, "lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org"
> >
> >     <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
> >
> >
> > Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'
> >
> > Message-ID:
> >
> > AM6PR02MB3975BBF2C9CFD3CF53C9C937D0219 at AM6PR02MB3975.eurprd02.prod.outlook.com
> >
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
> >
> > Hi,
> >
> > Gafter et al 2019 discuss the current grammaticization of Hebrew 'bring' into a 'give' meaning, and DuBois and Ariel discuss the use of mostly 'put' verbs in Biblical Hebrew and in Sakapultek Mayan for the same purpose (this one is a secret festschrift I'm happy to share if you write me personally). Neither papers discuss double-clause constructions.
> >
> > How does ‘bring’ (not) change to ‘give'? Folia Linguistica 53: 2. 443-478. (Roey Gafter, Scott Spicer and Mira Ariel)
> >
> > Best,
> >
> > Mira Ariel
> >
> > From: Lingtyp [mailto:lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org] On Behalf Of David Gil
> >
> > Sent: Thursday, January 27, 2022 6:22 AM
> >
> > To: lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> >
> > Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'
> >
> > Dear Matthew, all,
> >
> > Gil (2017), dealing with a range of Austronesian and non-Austronesian languages of Northwest New Guinea, discusses ways in which a language may fail to have a word for GIVE. Its focus is on the coexpression of GIVE, DO, and a variety of other grammatical functions. For example, in Meyah (NE Bird's Head), eita DO plus gu TO means GIVE, while eita DO plus jeska FROM means TAKE (p.84). Similarly, in Yawa (isolate), au DO plus to GO means GIVE (p.84)
> >
> > Gil, David (2017) "Roon ve, DO/GIVE Coexpression, and Language Contact in Northwest New Guinea", in A. Schapper ed., Contact and Substrate in the Languages of Wallacea Part 1, NUSA 62:41-100. (http://hdl.handle.net/10108/89844)
> >
> > Since writing the above paper I became aware of another way in which a language can avoid using a word for GIVE. In Papuan Malay there is a GIVE word, but the notion of giving can also be expressed by simply leaving the GIVE word out. So for example, a sequence of three nouns, N N N, may in the right context be interpreted as "A gives G P". (No other "verb meaning" is obtainable this way.)
> >
> > David
> >
> > On 27/01/2022 05:43, Matthew Dryer wrote:
> >
> > I am sending this query on behalf of a colleague.
> >
> > He wants to know whether anyone knows of a language that lacks a "give" type verb and would express something like "I gave him the book" instead as something like "I presented the book (to him) and he took it". That is, is there a language that can only express a give-type concept with two more analytic clauses?
> >
> > Matthew Dryer
> >
> > Lingtyp mailing list
> >
> > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.orgmailto:Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> >
> > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> >
> > ------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> > David Gil
> >
> > Senior Scientist (Associate)
> >
> > Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
> >
> > Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
> >
> > Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
> >
> > Email: gil at shh.mpg.demailto:gil at shh.mpg.de
> >
> > Mobile Phone (Israel): +972-526117713
> >
> > Mobile Phone (Indonesia): +62-81344082091
> >
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> >
> > Message: 7
> >
> > Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2022 09:39:56 +0100
> >
> > From: Guillaume Jacques rgyalrongskad at gmail.com
> >
> > To: Russell Barlow russell_barlow at eva.mpg.de
> >
> > Cc: "lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org"
> >
> > lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> >
> > Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'
> >
> > Message-ID:
> >
> > CAAzt3zaKkvRNwhy6txS=n3xvq=Bq2m=gNUUDENOorKWx9H+1kQ at mail.gmail.com
> >
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
> >
> > Dear all,
> >
> > I have an example which is not what Matthew's colleague is looking for,
> >
> > since the language in question (Japhug, Sino-Tibetan) has several verbs
> >
> > meaning "to give", but I thought it is a fun phenomenon, and I would be
> >
> > interested to know whether something similar can be found elsewhere.
> >
> > Japhug has a compound verb of co-participation a-mɟɤ-kʰo which precisely
> >
> > means "give and take" (built from mɟa "take, pick up", kʰo "give, pass
> >
> > over" and a- is a prefix used to express reciprocal). It is
> >
> > morphologically intransitive (though it takes a non-indexed semi-object)
> >
> > and requires a non-singular subject, encompassing both the giver and the
> >
> > recipient, in the 3du in example (1).
> >
> > (1) tɤ-rɟit nɯ ɲɯ-ɤmɟɤkʰo-ndʑi
> >
> > indef.poss-child dem ipfv-give.and.take-2/3du
> >
> > "She𝑖 hands the child𝑗 to him𝑘 and he𝑘 takes him𝑗" (literally "The
> >
> > two of them give-and-take the child", Jacques 2021: 915-916,
> >
> > https://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/295)
> >
> > I would be glad if anyone knows of a similar construction somewhere.
> >
> > Guillaume
> >
> > Le jeu. 27 janv. 2022 à 06:38, Russell Barlow russell_barlow at eva.mpg.de a
> >
> > écrit :
> >
> > > Dear Matthew, all,
> > >
> > > I describe 'give' events in Ulwa (Papua New Guinea) a bit (Barlow 2018:
> > >
> > > 285-289). They are encoded with two verbs, one meaning 'take', the other
> > >
> > > meaning, well, 'give' (?) (I can't say 'present', as in your example "I
> > >
> > > presented the book (to him) and he took it", since the object of the second
> > >
> > > verb is a Recipient, not a Theme). I think 'give' constructions as are
> > >
> > > found in Ulwa occur fairly commonly in Papuan languages, although, as
> > >
> > > Daniel points out, they're hard to spot, since almost invariably the
> > >
> > > grammar writer glosses one of the verbs as 'give'.
> > >
> > > So Ulwa, like Akan (?) in Daniel's example, uses two verbs for 'give'
> > >
> > > events. Also as in that example, the object of one verb is a Theme, while
> > >
> > > the object of the other verb is a Recipient. If your colleague is
> > >
> > > specifically looking for constructions where both verbs take (only) a
> > >
> > > Theme argument, then I don't know of any such languages offhand. I, too,
> > >
> > > would be very interested in seeing some examples of that!
> > >
> > > Best,
> > >
> > > Russell
> > >
> > > Barlow, Russell. 2018. A grammar of Ulwa. (Doctoral dissertation,
> > >
> > > University of Hawai'i at Mānoa; xiv+546pp.)
> > >
> > > Russell Barlow
> > >
> > > Postdoctoral Researcher
> > >
> > > Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
> > >
> > > Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
> > >
> > > russell_barlow at eva.mpg.de
> > >
> > > On 01/27/2022 5:25 AM Daniel Ross djross3 at gmail.com wrote:
> > >
> > > Dear Matthew,
> > >
> > > This is a common pattern for languages with serial verb constructions,
> > >
> > > along the lines of "take book give him", etc. There has been a lot written
> > >
> > > about the lack of argument structure in these languages (some claiming that
> > >
> > > three arguments are not possible in some languages), and that SVCs can
> > >
> > > supplement that argument structure (and possibly a small inventory of
> > >
> > > verbs, according to some sources). I'm not as confident in some of the more
> > >
> > > extreme claims about this, but it is clear that this pattern is widespread
> > >
> > > among many of these languages (I know I've seen explicit claims for West
> > >
> > > Africa and creoles, and probably elsewhere). At the same time, it is not
> > >
> > > clear that these languages, strictly speaking, lack a lexical verb "give",
> > >
> > > since one of the verbs in this construction can be translated as such,
> > >
> > > although it is used with another verb (often 'take') to supplement it for
> > >
> > > the full argument structure. Other patterns are found too, and probably
> > >
> > > various other lexical verbs are used in a function like 'give', so it
> > >
> > > becomes a question of lexical translation. (This more generally is related
> > >
> > > to patterns of verbs in SVCs developing into prepositions.)
> > >
> > > I'm sorry I don't immediately have any specific languages/references in
> > >
> > > mind, but let me know if you'd like me to try to find some. I know that
> > >
> > > Sebba 1987 discusses this in some detail, and here's one example:
> > >
> > > ɔde sekaŋ no mãã me
> > >
> > > he-take knife the give-PAST me
> > >
> > > 'S/he gave me the knife' [originally from Christaller 1875: 118]
> > >
> > > Sebba, Mark. 1987. The syntax of serial verbs: an investigation into
> > >
> > > serialisation in Sranan and other languages. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
> > >
> > > https://doi.org/10.1075/cll.2
> > >
> > > (Tangential note: SVCs like this are generally considered monoclausal,
> > >
> > > by a variety of metrics, so I wouldn't call this "two analytic clauses",
> > >
> > > although the effect is the same. My dissertation thoroughly reviews the
> > >
> > > issue of monoclausality: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5546425 -- but I
> > >
> > > don't discuss this specific question about 'give'.)
> > >
> > > Finally, one extra comment, which is probably not what your colleague is
> > >
> > > after, is that there are some languages where the lexical verb 'give' is
> > >
> > > (at least in some cases) a zero root or null morpheme, i.e. indicated by
> > >
> > > lack of phonological content plus other inflectional morphology. This is
> > >
> > > discussed for some PNG languages here:
> > >
> > > https://www.academia.edu/40037774/Comrie_B_and_R_Zamponi_2019_Verb_root_ellipsis_In_Morphological_perspectives_papers_in_honour_of_Greville_G_Corbett_ed_by_M_Baerman_O_Bond_and_A_Hippisley_Edinburgh_Edinburgh_University_Press_pp_233_280
> > >
> > > Daniel
> > >
> > > On Wed, Jan 26, 2022 at 7:43 PM Matthew Dryer dryer at buffalo.edu wrote:
> > >
> > > I am sending this query on behalf of a colleague.
> > >
> > > He wants to know whether anyone knows of a language that lacks a "give"
> > >
> > > type verb and would express something like "I gave him the book" instead as
> > >
> > > something like "I presented the book (to him) and he took it". That is, is
> > >
> > > there a language that can only express a give-type concept with two more
> > >
> > > analytic clauses?
> > >
> > > Matthew Dryer
> > >
> > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > >
> > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > >
> > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> > >
> > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > >
> > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > >
> > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> > >
> > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > >
> > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > >
> > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> >
> > --
> >
> > Guillaume Jacques
> >
> > Directeur de recherches
> >
> > CNRS (CRLAO) - EPHE- INALCO
> >
> > https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=1XCp2-oAAAAJ&hl=fr
> >
> > https://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/295
> >
> > http://cnrs.academia.edu/GuillaumeJacques
> >
> > http://panchr.hypotheses.org/
> >
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> >
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> >
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> >
> > Message: 8
> >
> > Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2022 03:49:19 -0500
> >
> > From: Jess Tauber tetrahedralpt at gmail.com
> >
> > To: Guillaume Jacques rgyalrongskad at gmail.com
> >
> > Cc: Russell Barlow russell_barlow at eva.mpg.de,
> >
> >     "lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org"
> >     <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
> >
> >
> > Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'
> >
> > Message-ID:
> >
> > CA+30tAS+jRwugA4WYugK-eo+uHKJb19G-cLY2vXbes0CAJK88g at mail.gmail.com
> >
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
> >
> > Yahgan (genetic isolate, Tierra del Fuego), HAS a verb 'give' of the shape
> >
> > ta:gu: (colon marks tenseness of the vowel preceding it), but it seems to
> >
> > be itself constructed out of ata 'take, carry, convey', and a:gu:, a
> >
> > reversive suffix that can be internally reconstructed from lexical data not
> >
> > mentioned by previous workers, which may be from akum 'come'. The language
> >
> > is very rich in SVCs involving free morphemes.
> >
> > Jess Tauber
> >
> > tetrahedralpt at gmail.com
> >
> > On Thu, Jan 27, 2022 at 3:41 AM Guillaume Jacques rgyalrongskad at gmail.com
> >
> > wrote:
> >
> > > Dear all,
> > >
> > > I have an example which is not what Matthew's colleague is looking for,
> > >
> > > since the language in question (Japhug, Sino-Tibetan) has several verbs
> > >
> > > meaning "to give", but I thought it is a fun phenomenon, and I would be
> > >
> > > interested to know whether something similar can be found elsewhere.
> > >
> > > Japhug has a compound verb of co-participation a-mɟɤ-kʰo which
> > >
> > > precisely means "give and take" (built from mɟa "take, pick up", kʰo
> > >
> > > "give, pass over" and a- is a prefix used to express reciprocal). It is
> > >
> > > morphologically intransitive (though it takes a non-indexed semi-object)
> > >
> > > and requires a non-singular subject, encompassing both the giver and the
> > >
> > > recipient, in the 3du in example (1).
> > >
> > > (1) tɤ-rɟit nɯ ɲɯ-ɤmɟɤkʰo-ndʑi
> > >
> > > indef.poss-child dem ipfv-give.and.take-2/3du
> > >
> > > "She𝑖 hands the child𝑗 to him𝑘 and he𝑘 takes him𝑗" (literally "The
> > >
> > > two of them give-and-take the child", Jacques 2021: 915-916,
> > >
> > > https://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/295)
> > >
> > > I would be glad if anyone knows of a similar construction somewhere.
> > >
> > > Guillaume
> > >
> > > Le jeu. 27 janv. 2022 à 06:38, Russell Barlow russell_barlow at eva.mpg.de
> > >
> > > a écrit :
> > >
> > > > Dear Matthew, all,
> > > >
> > > > I describe 'give' events in Ulwa (Papua New Guinea) a bit (Barlow 2018:
> > > >
> > > > 285-289). They are encoded with two verbs, one meaning 'take', the other
> > > >
> > > > meaning, well, 'give' (?) (I can't say 'present', as in your example "I
> > > >
> > > > presented the book (to him) and he took it", since the object of the second
> > > >
> > > > verb is a Recipient, not a Theme). I think 'give' constructions as are
> > > >
> > > > found in Ulwa occur fairly commonly in Papuan languages, although, as
> > > >
> > > > Daniel points out, they're hard to spot, since almost invariably the
> > > >
> > > > grammar writer glosses one of the verbs as 'give'.
> > > >
> > > > So Ulwa, like Akan (?) in Daniel's example, uses two verbs for 'give'
> > > >
> > > > events. Also as in that example, the object of one verb is a Theme, while
> > > >
> > > > the object of the other verb is a Recipient. If your colleague is
> > > >
> > > > specifically looking for constructions where both verbs take (only) a
> > > >
> > > > Theme argument, then I don't know of any such languages offhand. I, too,
> > > >
> > > > would be very interested in seeing some examples of that!
> > > >
> > > > Best,
> > > >
> > > > Russell
> > > >
> > > > Barlow, Russell. 2018. A grammar of Ulwa. (Doctoral dissertation,
> > > >
> > > > University of Hawai'i at Mānoa; xiv+546pp.)
> > > >
> > > > Russell Barlow
> > > >
> > > > Postdoctoral Researcher
> > > >
> > > > Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
> > > >
> > > > Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
> > > >
> > > > russell_barlow at eva.mpg.de
> > > >
> > > > On 01/27/2022 5:25 AM Daniel Ross djross3 at gmail.com wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Dear Matthew,
> > > >
> > > > This is a common pattern for languages with serial verb constructions,
> > > >
> > > > along the lines of "take book give him", etc. There has been a lot written
> > > >
> > > > about the lack of argument structure in these languages (some claiming that
> > > >
> > > > three arguments are not possible in some languages), and that SVCs can
> > > >
> > > > supplement that argument structure (and possibly a small inventory of
> > > >
> > > > verbs, according to some sources). I'm not as confident in some of the more
> > > >
> > > > extreme claims about this, but it is clear that this pattern is widespread
> > > >
> > > > among many of these languages (I know I've seen explicit claims for West
> > > >
> > > > Africa and creoles, and probably elsewhere). At the same time, it is not
> > > >
> > > > clear that these languages, strictly speaking, lack a lexical verb "give",
> > > >
> > > > since one of the verbs in this construction can be translated as such,
> > > >
> > > > although it is used with another verb (often 'take') to supplement it for
> > > >
> > > > the full argument structure. Other patterns are found too, and probably
> > > >
> > > > various other lexical verbs are used in a function like 'give', so it
> > > >
> > > > becomes a question of lexical translation. (This more generally is related
> > > >
> > > > to patterns of verbs in SVCs developing into prepositions.)
> > > >
> > > > I'm sorry I don't immediately have any specific languages/references in
> > > >
> > > > mind, but let me know if you'd like me to try to find some. I know that
> > > >
> > > > Sebba 1987 discusses this in some detail, and here's one example:
> > > >
> > > > ɔde sekaŋ no mãã me
> > > >
> > > > he-take knife the give-PAST me
> > > >
> > > > 'S/he gave me the knife' [originally from Christaller 1875: 118]
> > > >
> > > > Sebba, Mark. 1987. The syntax of serial verbs: an investigation into
> > > >
> > > > serialisation in Sranan and other languages. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
> > > >
> > > > https://doi.org/10.1075/cll.2
> > > >
> > > > (Tangential note: SVCs like this are generally considered monoclausal,
> > > >
> > > > by a variety of metrics, so I wouldn't call this "two analytic clauses",
> > > >
> > > > although the effect is the same. My dissertation thoroughly reviews the
> > > >
> > > > issue of monoclausality: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5546425 -- but I
> > > >
> > > > don't discuss this specific question about 'give'.)
> > > >
> > > > Finally, one extra comment, which is probably not what your colleague is
> > > >
> > > > after, is that there are some languages where the lexical verb 'give' is
> > > >
> > > > (at least in some cases) a zero root or null morpheme, i.e. indicated by
> > > >
> > > > lack of phonological content plus other inflectional morphology. This is
> > > >
> > > > discussed for some PNG languages here:
> > > >
> > > > https://www.academia.edu/40037774/Comrie_B_and_R_Zamponi_2019_Verb_root_ellipsis_In_Morphological_perspectives_papers_in_honour_of_Greville_G_Corbett_ed_by_M_Baerman_O_Bond_and_A_Hippisley_Edinburgh_Edinburgh_University_Press_pp_233_280
> > > >
> > > > Daniel
> > > >
> > > > On Wed, Jan 26, 2022 at 7:43 PM Matthew Dryer dryer at buffalo.edu wrote:
> > > >
> > > > I am sending this query on behalf of a colleague.
> > > >
> > > > He wants to know whether anyone knows of a language that lacks a "give"
> > > >
> > > > type verb and would express something like "I gave him the book" instead as
> > > >
> > > > something like "I presented the book (to him) and he took it". That is, is
> > > >
> > > > there a language that can only express a give-type concept with two more
> > > >
> > > > analytic clauses?
> > > >
> > > > Matthew Dryer
> > > >
> > > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > > >
> > > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > > >
> > > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> > > >
> > > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > > >
> > > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > > >
> > > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> > > >
> > > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > > >
> > > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > > >
> > > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> > >
> > > --
> > >
> > > Guillaume Jacques
> > >
> > > Directeur de recherches
> > >
> > > CNRS (CRLAO) - EPHE- INALCO
> > >
> > > https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=1XCp2-oAAAAJ&hl=fr
> > >
> > > https://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/295
> > >
> > > http://cnrs.academia.edu/GuillaumeJacques
> > >
> > > http://panchr.hypotheses.org/
> > >
> > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > >
> > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > >
> > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> >
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> >
> > An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
> >
> > URL: http://listserv.linguistlist.org/pipermail/lingtyp/attachments/20220127/4dfca3a6/attachment-0001.html
> >
> > Message: 9
> >
> > Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2022 08:56:17 +0000
> >
> > From: Maia Ponsonnet maia.ponsonnet at uwa.edu.au
> >
> > To: Matthew Dryer dryer at buffalo.edu,
> >
> >     "lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org"
> >     <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
> >
> >
> > Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'
> >
> > Message-ID:
> >
> > MEAPR01MB3046B8FE3DF2D6D64B2BD663AF219 at MEAPR01MB3046.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com
> >
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
> >
> > Hello,
> >
> > Somewhat tangentially, you may want to look at some of the chapters in this volume?
> >
> > https://benjamins.com/catalog/cal.29
> >
> > I can't remember a mention of the phenomenon you describe, but some of the contributions may have clues?
> >
> > Cheers and kind regards, Maïa
> >
> > Dr Maïa Ponsonnet
> >
> > Adjunct Researcher, Discipline of Linguistics
> >
> > Building M257
> >
> > The University of Western Australia
> >
> > 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA (6009), Australia
> >
> > From: Lingtyp lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org on behalf of Matthew Dryer dryer at buffalo.edu
> >
> > Sent: Thursday, 27 January 2022 4:43 AM
> >
> > To: lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> >
> > Subject: [Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'
> >
> > I am sending this query on behalf of a colleague.
> >
> > He wants to know whether anyone knows of a language that lacks a "give" type verb and would express something like "I gave him the book" instead as something like "I presented the book (to him) and he took it". That is, is there a language that can only express a give-type concept with two more analytic clauses?
> >
> > Matthew Dryer
> >
> > -------------- next part --------------
> >
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> >
> > Message: 10
> >
> > Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2022 10:55:45 +0100
> >
> > From: Paolo Ramat paoram at unipv.it
> >
> > To: Maia Ponsonnet maia.ponsonnet at uwa.edu.au
> >
> > Cc: Matthew Dryer dryer at buffalo.edu,
> >
> >     "lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org"
> >     <LINGTYP at listserv.linguistlist.org>
> >
> >
> > Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'
> >
> > Message-ID:
> >
> > CAEaecYEK2yjXVcrGAty2xc2j1jkmKo=+KHB1H5uY8cvLdjY2yw at mail.gmail.com
> >
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
> >
> > A marginal note: already Ch. Bally, *Linguist. franç. et linguist. génér.
> >
> > (§ 185) mentioned verbs as louer *'to rent out, to lend' and 'to hire'
> >
> > or hôte 'host' and 'guest'. Kronasser 1952 spoke for such cases of an
> >
> > 'ungegliederte Situationsverstellung' that can even be reconstructed via
> >
> > comparison between strictly comparable languages: see Gk. baínō 'I go'
> >
> > vs. Lat. ueniō ' 'I come'. Similarly, you find Germ. *geben "to give" vs.
> >
> > OIr. gaibim *'I take'. Such an originally undivided meaning can be found
> >
> > in many languages, especially with verbs originally denoting 'exchange'.
> >
> > Many years ago (1972) I dealt with this point in an article published in
> >
> > "Studi Germanici" 10, p. 43-79 (see also "Indogerm. Forsch."76/1971:
> >
> > 174-202).
> >
> > Cheers,
> >
> > Paolo
> >
> > Prof. Dr. Paolo Ramat
> >
> > Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Socio corrispondente
> >
> > 'Academia Europaea'
> >
> > 'Societas Linguistica Europaea', Honorary Member
> >
> > piazzetta Arduino 11 - I 27100 Pavia
> >
> > ##39 0382 27027
> >
> > 347 044 98 44
> >
> > Il giorno gio 27 gen 2022 alle ore 09:56 Maia Ponsonnet <
> >
> > maia.ponsonnet at uwa.edu.au> ha scritto:
> >
> > > Hello,
> > >
> > > Somewhat tangentially, you may want to look at some of the chapters in
> > >
> > > this volume?
> > >
> > > https://benjamins.com/catalog/cal.29
> > >
> > > I can't remember a mention of the phenomenon you describe, but some of the
> > >
> > > contributions may have clues?
> > >
> > > Cheers and kind regards, Maïa
> > >
> > > Dr Maïa Ponsonnet
> > >
> > > Adjunct Researcher, Discipline of Linguistics
> > >
> > > Building M257
> > >
> > > The University of Western Australia
> > >
> > > 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA (6009), Australia
> > >
> > > From: Lingtyp lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org on behalf of
> > >
> > > Matthew Dryer dryer at buffalo.edu
> > >
> > > Sent: Thursday, 27 January 2022 4:43 AM
> > >
> > > To: lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > >
> > > Subject: [Lingtyp] languages lacking a verb for 'give'
> > >
> > > I am sending this query on behalf of a colleague.
> > >
> > > He wants to know whether anyone knows of a language that lacks a "give"
> > >
> > > type verb and would express something like "I gave him the book" instead as
> > >
> > > something like "I presented the book (to him) and he took it". That is, is
> > >
> > > there a language that can only express a give-type concept with two more
> > >
> > > analytic clauses?
> > >
> > > Matthew Dryer
> > >
> > > Lingtyp mailing list
> > >
> > > Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> > >
> > > http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
> >
> > -------------- next part --------------
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> >
> > Message: 11
> >
> > Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2022 10:06:04 +0000
> >
> > From: Françoise Rose francoise.rose at univ-lyon2.fr
> >
> > To: "lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org"
> >
> > lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org
> >
> > Subject: [Lingtyp] Call for abstracts for an ALT 2022 workshop on
> >
> > fillers and placeholders
> >
> > Message-ID: 05fde25529434d75a8d8e1c891d1ed49 at univ-lyon2.fr
> >
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
> >
> > Fillers and placeholders
> >
> > Workshop at ALT 2022 convened by Françoise ROSE and Brigitte PAKENDORF
> >
> > Fillers are non-silent linguistic devices used in disfluencies to gain time while searching for words, such as “search sounds” like um, specific words like the Spanish demonstrative este, or discourse markers like y’know. Among these devices, placeholders are specific lexical items filling in the slot of the delayed word or constituent, and as such are often morphosyntactically integrated, as in the example below (Podlesskaya 2010: 12).
> >
> > [cid:image001.png at 01D8136D.DD7EB020]
> >
> > Fillers are mainly seen as participating in self-repair (Schegloff, Jefferson, and Sacks 1977), and various fillers can indicate different disfluency functions (Clark and Fox Tree 2002; Kärkkäinen, Sorjonen, and Helasvuo 2007; Navarretta 2015) but they can also participate in interaction management and discourse planning. Furthermore, it has also been argued that disfluency devices can be used intentionally with communicative goals, such as for generic expressions or as a vague identifier meaning ‘N or whatever’ (see for example Corley and Stewart 2008; Podlesskaya 2010).
> >
> > Fillers, while very likely present in all languages, are infrequently described in grammars, especially for underdescribed languages. As a consequence, the morphosyntactic typology of the domain is only emerging. A preliminary typological study of placeholders (Podlesskaya, 2010) shows that placeholders fill in for nouns more often than for verbs; in the latter case, verbal morphology can be attached directly to a pronominal root, to a derived stem, or to a bleached verbal root that combines with a pronominal or nominal stem. The morphosyntax of placeholders is often rather idiosyncratic, and languages vary in the degree to which the morphology of the target item is mirrored, from zero replication via only partial replication to the full complement of target morphology. They also vary in the degree of repetition of preceding grammatical constituents such as prepositions.
> >
> > Besides the synchronic morphosyntactic analysis of fillers, interesting questions are the relation of fillers with gestures (see for example Navarretta 2015), methodological issues in transcribing disfluencies in discourse, especially in the context of language documentation (Himmelmann 2006), and the historical development of such items. Mostly, placeholders develop out of (demonstrative) pronouns (like Russian eto in (1), see also (Hayashi and Yoon 2010)) or generic nouns (e.g. ‘thing’ as in Teko (Rose 2011: 176)), but lexicalized constructions that include an interrogative are also common, like English whatchamacallit (Podlesskaya, 2010; on the latter point see also Enfield 2003).
> >
> > By putting together this workshop, our major aim is to instigate typological research on fillers and placeholders on the basis of a larger variety of languages. To do so, detailed and typologically informed analysis of fillers and placeholders in underdescribed languages are needed. We believe this task is nowadays facilitated by the existence of large corpora of natural speech.
> >
> > We invite talks dealing with one or several of the following research topics on fillers (including placeholders):
> >
> > -        phonological and morphosyntactic description
> >
> >
> >
> > -        relation to prosody and gestures
> >
> >
> >
> > -        fillers in sign languages
> >
> >
> >
> > -        discourse functions, within and beyond disfluencies
> >
> >
> >
> > -        frequency in speech
> >
> >
> >
> > -        historical development
> >
> >
> >
> > Talks can target individual languages, a sample of unrelated languages, language families or linguistic areas. For more information, please contact the convenors:
> >
> > Françoise ROSE: francoise.rose at univ-lyon2.frmailto:francoise.rose at univ-lyon2.fr
> >
> > Brigitte PAKENDORF : brigitte.pakendorf at cnrs.frmailto:brigitte.pakendorf at cnrs.fr
> >
> > The following specifications are excerpted from the ALT XIV call for papers:
> >
> > Abstracts should be submitted through Easychair (https://easychair.org/conferences/?conf=alt2022)
> >
> > Abstracts submitted to a workshop will be jointly reviewed by members of the ALT 2022 Abstract Review Committee and the workshop organizers. Abstracts submitted for a workshop but not accepted there will be automatically considered for inclusion in the general or poster session.
> >
> > Abstract specifications
> >
> > Abstracts must be anonymous: do not put your name or other identifying information on the abstract.
> >
> > Abstracts should be at a maximum length of one single-spaced page, 12pt font, with another page (at maximum) for references and examples.
> >
> > Please put this information at the top of your abstract: abstract title; abstract category (oral, poster, oral/poster); workshop title (if applicable).
> >
> > Abstract submission deadline: April 1, 2022
> >
> > Notification of acceptance: June 1, 2022
> >
> > References
> >
> > Clark, Herbert H., and Jean H. Fox Tree. 2002. “Using Uh and Um in Spontaneous Speaking.” Cognition 84 (1): 73–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-0277(02)00017-3.
> >
> > Corley, Martin, and Oliver W. Stewart. 2008. “Hesitation Disfluencies in Spontaneous Speech: The Meaning of Um.” Language and Linguistics Compass 2 (4): 589–602. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-818X.2008.00068.x.
> >
> > Enfield, N.J. 2003. “The Definition of What-d’you-Call-It: Semantics and Pragmatics of Recognitional Deixis.” Journal of Pragmatics 35 (1): 101–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-2166(02)00066-8.
> >
> > Hayashi, Makoto, and Kyung-Eun Yoon. 2010. “A Cross-Linguistic Exploration of Demonstratives in Interaction. With Particular Reference to the Context of Word-Formulation Trouble.” In Fillers, Pauses and Placeholders, by Nino Amiridze, Boyd H. Davis, and M. Maclagan, 93:33–66. Typological Studies in Language. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: Benjamins.
> >
> > Himmelmann, Nikolaus. 2006. “The Challenges of Segmenting Spoken Language.” In Essentials of Language Documentation, edited by J. Gippert, Nikolaus Himelmann, and Ulrike Mosel. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
> >
> > Kärkkäinen, Elise, Marja-Leena Sorjonen, and Marja-Liisa Helasvuo. 2007. “Discourse Structure.” In Language Typology and Syntactic Description: Volume 2: Complex Constructions, edited by Timothy Shopen, 2nd ed., 2:301–71. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511619434.006.
> >
> > Navarretta, Costanza. 2015. “The Functions of Fillers, Filled Pauses and Co-Occurring Gestures in Danish Dyadic Conversations.” In Proceedings from the 3rd European Symposium on Multimodal Communication, Dublin, September 17-18, 2015, 55–61.
> >
> > Podlesskaya, Vera. 2010. “Parameters for Typological Variation of Placeholders.” In Fillers, Pauses and Placeholders, edited by Nino Amiridze, B. H. Davis, and M. Maclagan, 11–32. TSL 93. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
> >
> > Rose, Françoise. 2011. Grammaire de l’émérillon Teko, Une Langue Tupi-Guarani de Guyane Française. Langues et Sociétés d’Amérique Traditionnelle 10. Louvain: Peeters.
> >
> > Schegloff, Emanuel A., Gail Jefferson, and Harvey Sacks. 1977. “The Preference for Self-Correction in the Organization of Repair in Conversation.” Language 53 (2): 361–82. https://doi.org/10.2307/413107.
> >
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> > End of Lingtyp Digest, Vol 88, Issue 20
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