[Lingtyp] Evaluative morphology expressing "authenticity/prototypicality"

[Marianne Mithun]

Northern Iroquoian languages (Northeastern North America) certainly have an
enclitic for that. It can be translated variously as 'original',
'traditional', 'genuine', etc. It occurs in such words as Mohawk:

onkwe=hón:we  'person=real'  =  'Native (Indian, Indigenous)'
oien’kwa’=ón:we  'tobacco=traditional'  =  'Indian tobacco'
ahtahkwa’=ón:we  'shoe=traditional'  =  'moccasin'

(That is the conventional Mohawk spelling system, where <on> is a high,
back, nasalized vowel, <en> is a mid-low central nasalized vowel,
apostrophe is glottal stop, colon <:> is vowel length, and the acute accent
is stress with rising tone.)

Marianne

On Tue, Jul 9, 2024 at 10:09 AM Francesca Masini via Lingtyp <
lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org> wrote:

> Dear Lingtyp community,
>
>
>
> I’m looking for examples of evaluative word-formation processes
> (affixation, compounding, reduplication, etc.) conveying
> “authenticity/prototypicality” (Grandi & Körtvélyessy 2015: 11). Some
> relevant examples would be:
>
>
>
> (1)
>
> Kwaza (van der Voort 2015: 608)
>
> kanwa-tete
>
> canoe-INT
>
> ‘real canoe’
>
>
>
> (2)
>
> Warlpiri (Bowler 2015: 439)
>
> warna-nyayirni
>
> snake-AUG
>
> ‘poisonous snake’ [“[i]n central Australia, the characteristic of being
> poisonous or dangerous is a highly salient feature of many indigenous
> snakes”]
>
>
>
> (3)
>
> Kikuyu (Komu 2008: 50; quoted in Mattiola & Barotto 2023: 150)
>
> irio > irioirio
>
> ‘food’ > ‘real food (not junk food)’
>
>
>
> I would be extremely grateful for your help!
>
>
>
> Best,
>
> Francesca
>
>
>
> REFERENCES
>
> Bowler, Margit. 2015. Warlpiri. In Nicola Grandi & Livia Körtvelyessy
> (eds.), *The Edinburgh handbook of evaluative morphology*, 438–447.
> Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
>
> Grandi, Nicola & Lívia Körtvelyessy. 2015. Introduction: Why evaluative
> morphology? In Nicola Grandi & Lívia Körtvelyessy (Eds.), The Edinburgh
> handbook of evaluative morphology, 3-20. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University
> Press.
>
> Komu, Mary W. 2008. An analysis of Gikuyu reduplication in the light of
> prosodic morphological approach. Nairobi: Kenyatta University MA thesis.
>
> Mattiola, Simone & Alessandra Barotto. 2023. Nominal reduplication in
> cross-linguistic perspective. From PLURALITY to CHANGE OF REFERENTS’
> SPECIFICITY. *Studies in Language *47(1). 135–189.
>
> van der Voort, Hein. 2015. Kwaza. In Nicola Grandi& Livia Körtvelyessy
> (eds.), *The Edinburgh handbook of evaluative morphology*, 606–615.
> Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
>
>
>
> – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
> *Prof. Francesca Masini*
> *Rector’s Delegate for Open Science and Research Data*
>
> Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
> Dipartimento di Lingue, Letterature e Culture Moderne (LILEC)
> Via Cartoleria 5, 40124 Bologna
>
> http://www.unibo.it/docenti/francesca.masini
>
> – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –– –
> Editor-in-chief of *Constructions and Frames
> <https://benjamins.com/catalog/cf>*
>
>
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