[Lingtyp] earliest attestations of interlinear examples per area/continent

Sebastian Nordhoff sebastian.nordhoff at glottotopia.de
Mon Jul 7 14:23:34 UTC 2025


Dear list members,
I am interested in the history of the interlinearized linguistic 
example. What are its first attestations, when was it invented, how did 
the innovation propagate, was it maybe invented at several occasions?

I start with the following definition: An interlinearized linguistic 
example is a sentence-length item which has
a) an object language rendering
b) a free translation into the metalanguage and
c) a word-to-word (or morpheme-to-morpheme) translation. All three must 
be there, but the layout of these elements is not relevant.

I am casting a wide net, so any word-to-word translation is interesting, 
even if it not inter-linear (=between the lines). Annotations elsewhere 
on the page, or matching via numerical subscripts would also count. 
Phrase-to-phrase or morpheme-to-morpheme is also fine.

Given the history of research for your particular geographical of 
specialization, what would be the earliest text making use of examples 
with word-to-word translations you are aware of?

For instance, for Australia, we have both word-to-word as well as 
sentence-to-sentence translations in Meyer (1843), see 
https://paperhive.org/documents/items/DoB16j3955xu?a=p:298

I am interested in both European and non-European traditions of 
research. I will post a summary to this list.

Best wishes
Sebastian





Meyer, Heinrich August Eduard. 1843. Vocabulary of the language spoken 
by the Aborigines of the southern portions of the settled districts of 
South Australia, preceded by a grammar. Adelaide: James Allen.

















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