LL-L "Phonology" 2002.06.13 (02) [E]

[Lowlands-L]

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 L O W L A N D S - L * 13.JUN.2002 (02) * ISSN 189-5582 * LCSN 96-4226
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 A=Afrikaans Ap=Appalachian D=Dutch E=English F=Frisian L=Limburgish
 LS=Low Saxon (Low German) S=Scots Sh=Shetlandic Z=Zeelandic (Zeeuws)
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From: Helge Tietz <helgetietz at yahoo.com>
Subject: LL-L "Phonology" 2002.06.13 (01) [E]

May I add that Low Saxon from the Rendsborg District
in Slesvig-Holsten has a similar l-dropping in words
as e.g. "milk" which we pronounce "mee-ak"

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From: "Wim" <wkv at home.nl>
Subject: LL-L "Phonology" 2002.06.13 (01) [E]

Hi,

You forgot the dialect of the city of Leiden (Leyden). There they really
have the English L!! Also in the west. Of Holland.

W!M   wkv at home.nl
[Wim Verdoold]

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From: Gary Taylor <gary_taylor_98 at yahoo.com>
Subject: Phonology

Dear all

Ruud wrote:

>I sometimes wonder if there could be some historic
link in the
>development of such accents across he North Sea,
because the l in
>Dutch is so similar: in the "standard" accent in is
slightly dark in
>exactly the same positions as in English RP, but the
stronger
>darkening a.k.a. vocalisation as described above also
occurs in
>accents in the West of the Netherlands, especially
the Hague, but
>also Rotterdam, Amsterdam etc.

As Ron also says, l-vocalisation is particularly
common in languages. It does tend to occur after back
vowels, such that standard Dutch now has 'oud' for
old, Scots has 'faw' for fall, Westerlauwers Frisian
'l' is also often silent in this position and English
varieties all have 'walk', 'talk' etc. without
pronunciation of the 'l'. I think l-vocalisations are
also common in Southern US English, and also
Newfoundland, but not in between.

That South East England English and accents in the
West of the Netherlands are beginning to have this
l-vocalisation after all vowels is perhaps more
interesting. However, if there is an influence between
the two which way is it going? My grandmother used
l-vocalisations and she was 94 when she died last
year. There are also still many speakers who fluctuate
between 'l' and 'w'. Do you know how old this feature
is in the Netherlands? (I've just started a PhD
looking into vocalisations in Germanic languages, so
any help would be invaluable at this early stage!)

Gary

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From: R. F. Hahn <sassisch at yahoo.com>
Subject: Phonology

In various types of Missingsch (i.e., German dialects on Low Saxon
substrates) and in some other Northern German dialects (and the
borderline between the two types is not really distinct), /l/ is
patalatized to surface as /j/ or as coda /i/, after rounded vowels also
as the rounded counterparts [H] or [y], between a non-low front vowel
and a following velar; e.g., Milch [mI.jC] ~ [mI.iC] (milk), melken
['mE.jkN=] ~ ['mE.ikN=] (to milk), Völker ['f9.jk3`] ~ ['f9.ik3`] ~
['f9.Hk3`] ~ ['f9.yk3`] (nations).

This rule applies in many Low Saxon (Low German) dialects as well; e.g.,
Melk [mE.jk] ~ [mE.ik] (milk).  In dialects in which the "thick" (velar)
allophone of /l/ is retained (see my previous posting) after any type of
vowel, especially in the farwestern ranges, the "disharmony" between
velar /l/ and palatovelar /k/, /g/ or /x/ (> [C]) is overcome by means
of an epenthetic (inserted, separating) vowel, much like it is done in
many Dutch dialects; e.g., _Melk_ [mE.L`@k] (milk, sounding like
"mellek").

As far as I know, l-vocalization tends to apply more extensively in many
South German dialects (of Bavaria and Austria), also after other types
of vowels; e.g., Volk [fOik] ~ [fOyk] ~ [fOYk].

Of course, l-vocalization is mandatory in most English dialects between
a rounded vowel and another coda consonant; e.g., Holmes [hoUmz], folk
[foUk], Polka ['poUk@]; sporadically also l-vocalization (perceived as
deletion) after other types of vowels; e.g., walk [wQ:k] ~ [wo:k], talk
[tQ:k] ~ [to:k], almond ['?Q:m at nd], salmon ['s{m at n].

Regards,
Reinhard/Ron

P.S.: For phonetic notation used here, please see
http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/sampa/home.htm

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