LL-L "Lexicon" 2003.08.30 (07) [E]

[Lowlands-L]

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L O W L A N D S - L * 30.AUG.2003 (07) * ISSN 189-5582 * LCSN 96-4226
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A=Afrikaans Ap=Appalachian B=Brabantish D=Dutch E=English F=Frisian
L=Limburgish LS=Lowlands Saxon (Low German) N=Northumbrian
S=Scots Sh=Shetlandic V=(West)Flemish Z=Zeelandic (Zeêuws)
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From: R. F. Hahn <sassisch at yahoo.com>
Subject: Lexicon

Here are a few explanatory notes to the Heligoland Frisian ornithological
data kindly provided under “Etymology” by Henno Brandsma (with German and
Westerlauwer Frisian glosses):

> Skit -Lumme (WF skût)
at Heligoland specifically _Uria aalge_ Guillemot, Common Murre (Da. Lomvie,
Du. Zeekoet, Fi. Etelänkiisla, Fr. Guillemot de Troïl, Ge. Trottellumme, It.
Uria, No. Lomvi, Sp. Arao común, Sw. Sillgrissla)
Scots: Queet, Marrot, Sea Hen, Lavie, Scoot, Cuttie, Teistie, Jenny Gray,
Sea Doo

> Kub - Möwe (WF kobbe)
_Lariformes_ Gull (Da. Måge, Du. Meeuw, Fi. Lokki, Fr. Goéland, Ge. Möwe,
It. Gabbiano, No. Måke, Sp. Gaviota, Sw. Mås, Trut)
Lowlands Saxon (Low German) Meyw’ ~ Möyw’ (<Meew> ~ <Mööw> [mE:Iv] ~
[mœ:Iv])
(This is to be written with <w> rather than with <v>, because in dialects of
the -b- type it is not *Meyb or *Möyb but as above.)
German _Möwe_ is a LS loan, from Middle LS _mêwe_; cf. Old English _mæ^w_ >
Modern English “mew”, Scots _ma(w)_, besides _goo_, etc.

> Liuw - Austernfischer
_Haematopus ostralegus_ Oystercatcher (Da. Strandskade, Du. Scholekster, Fi.
Meriharakka, Fr. Huîtrier pie, Ge. Austernfischer, It. Beccaccia di mare,
No. Tjeld, Sp. Ostrero, Sw. Strandskata)
Scots: Sea-pyot, Reid-neb, Skirlie-wheeter, Shalder, Pleep, Mussel-picker

> Kathals - Silbermöwe
(“cat neck/throat” - “silver bull”)
_Larus argentatus_ Herring Gull (Da. Sølvmåge, Du. Zilvermeeuw, Fi.
Harmaalokki, Fr. Goéland argenté, Ge. Silbermöwe, It. Gabbiano reale
nordico, No. Gråmåke, Sp. Gaviota argentea, Sw. Gråtrut)
Scots: Gray Willie

> Miisk - Dreizehenmöwe
_Rissa tridactyla_ Kittiwake (Da. Ride, Du. Drieteenmeeuw, Fi. Pikkukajava,
Fr. Mouette tridactyle, Ge. Dreizehenmöwe, It. Gabbiano tridattilo, No.
Krykkje, Sp. Gaviota tridáctila, Sw. Tretåig mås)
Scots: Kittie, Weeg, Tarrock

> Letj Buur - Sturmmöwe
_Larus canus_ Common Gull (Da. Stormmåge, Du. Stormmeeuw, Fi. Kalalokki, Fr.
Goéland cendré, Ge. Sturmmöwe, It. Gavina, No. Fiskemåke, Sp. Gaviota cana,
Sw. Fiskmås)
Scots: (Sea) Goo?

> Skuuarewer - Polartaucher
_Gavia arctica_ Black-throated Diver (also Great Northern Diver?) (Da.
Sortstrubet Lom, Du. Parelduiker, Fi. Kuikka, Fr. Plongeon arctique, Ge.
Prachttaucher, Polartaucher, It. Strolaga mezzana, No. Storlom, Sp. Colimbo
ártico, Sw. Storlom)
Scots: Allan-hawk?

> Ker - Brandseeschwalbe
(_Sterna_ =) _Thalasseus sandvicensis_ Sandwich Tern (Da. Splitterne, Du.
Grote Stern, Fi. Riuttatiira, Fr. Sterne caugek, Ge. Brandseeschwalbe, It.
Beccapesci, No. Splitterne, Sp. Charrán patinegro, Sw. Kentsk tärna)
Scots: *Sangwich Pirr? Sangwich Pictarnie?

Why is such specific terminology either underdeveloped or just poorly known
in Lowlands Saxon (Low German)?  Here my stab at hypothesizing:

1. Languages that did or do not enjoy wide-ranging official status and thus
lack interregional standardization and media networks will lose or never
develop specific terms that pertain to “irrelevant” (including “foreign” and
technological) spheres.  In this case, such ornithological terminology of
the coastal dialects is irrelevant to the inland dialects.  If such specific
items (in this case names of regionally occurring birds) needed to be used,
a term would be borrowed (probably phonologically adapted) from a coastal
dialect, in more recent times from German in Germany and from Westerlauwer
Frisian or Dutch in the Netherlands, depending on the regionally immediate
dominance situation.

2. Though LS has been used on the German and Netherlands North Sea coast, it
is merely a veneer that can barely conceal Frisian linguistic and cultural
varieties, for Frisian used to dominate much of that coast, all the way west
well into what is now Belgium.  Such specific terminology in LS is thus
quite likely to be Frisian-derived.  Coast-specific terminology would
probably be derived from Pomeranian Slavic or from Baltic on the Baltic
coast of Germany and other formerly LS-speaking regions of Poland and
Russia.

Stuff to think about.

Regards,
Reinhard/Ron

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