LL-L "Etymology" 2003.01.07 (04) [E]

[Lowlands-L]

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 A=Afrikaans Ap=Appalachian B=Brabantish D=Dutch E=English F=Frisian
 L=Limburgish LS=Lowlands Saxon (Low German) N=Northumbrian
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From: JRodenburg at aol.com <JRodenburg at aol.com>
Subject: LL-L "Etymology"

Dear List,

In a manuscript my mother wrote, she use the word "knust" as in crust of
bread. I don't find this in my Hochdeutsch dictionaries. Could this be
Plattdeutsch as they spoke it extensively at home (in Oklahoma!)? Thank you
for your help.


Mit freundlichen Grüßen aus Illinois
John Rodenburg

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From: R. F. Hahn <sassisch at yahoo.com>
Subject: Etymology

Moin, John!

_Knust_ [knu:st] 'heel of a bread loaf', 'crusty end of a bread loaf' seems
to be a Lowlands Saxon (Low German) loan in northern dialects of German,
including Missingsch (German dialects on LS substrates).

LS has _Knuust_ [knu:st], masculine, plural _Knüüst_ [kny:st] (< Knüüste).
Its meanings are as follows:
1. elevation, hump, lump, protrusion
2. Island of Fehmarn (in dialects of Sleswig-Hulsteen/Schleswig-Holstein)
3. (crusty) heel of a bread loaf
4. crusty, excentric old person

_Knust_ [knu:st] 'heel of a bread loaf', 'crusty end of a bread loaf'
certainly is a part of my German vocabulary, but I have noticed that some
people from Central and Southern Germany do not understand it.  (I am not
sure what they say instead.)

This word appears to be a cognate of Dutch _knuist_ 'fist'.  I don't know of
the LS dialects if the Netherlands use presumed *_knoest_ [knu:st] in the
sense of 'fist' or in the sense of any of the aforementioned.

In Northern LS of Germany, 'fist' is _Fuust_ [fu:st] (cf. Dutch _vuist_ and
Afrikaans _vuis_).  A tight fist (e.g., ready to box) is _Knuttfuust_
['knUtfu:st] or _Knüttfuust_ ['knYtfu:st] ("knit fist"), and the verb
_knuttfuusten_ ['knUtfu:stn=] or _knüttfuusten_ ['knYtfu:stn=] means 'to
make a tight fist'.

Grötens!
Reinhard/Ron

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