LL-L "Etymology" 2011.01.05 (01) [DE-EN-NL]

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L O W L A N D S - L - 05 January 2011 - Volume 01
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From: Hannelore Hinz <hannehinz at t-online.de> <hannehinz at t-online.de>
Subject: LL-L "Etymology" 2011.01.04 (02) [EN]

Liebe Lowlanders,

auch ich bin verwegen und füge auf gut Glück hinzu:

*Küste:  *Das seit dem 17. Jh. bezeugte Substantiv geht auf *afrz.
*coste (*frz.
*côte) "Rippe";  Seite; Abhang; Meeresstrand, Küste" zurück, das durch
Vermittlung von *niederl. *kust, älter kuste (*mniederl. *cost[e]) "Küste"
ins *Dt. *gelangte. Quelle des Wortes ist *lat. *costa "Rippe". Aus *afrz.
*coste stammt auch *engl. *coast "Küste".
Zu *frz. *côte in dessen eigentlicher Bed. "Rippe" gehört das Fremdwort
Kotelett.
Literatur: DUDEN 7 *Etymologie der deutschen Sprache* Die Geschichte der
deutschen Wörter und der Fremdwörter von ihrem Ursprung bis zur Gegenwart.

Beste Grüße.

Hanne



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From: Henno Brandsma <hennobrandsma at hetnet.nl>

Subject: LL-L "Etymology" 2011.01.04 (02) [EN]



From: M.-L. Lessing <marless at gmx.de>

Subject: LL-L "Etymology" 2011.01.04 (01) [EN-FY-NDS]



Dear Henno & all,



now I am really daring: Can it be that your "kust" has anything to do with
the german word "Küste" = coast(line)? A coast is of course a visible
difference... but there is rarely anything to "choose". But "Köste", an old
expression for a feast, is related via "Kost" with "to choose", true?



No, neither are related, according to my etymology sources.

Both (Dutch forms here) "kost" as feast, food and "kust" are old Latin
loans.

But "kust" in "te kust en te keur" is an old IE and Old Germanic word.



I'll site stuff from Jan de Vries en de Tollenaere: [my stuff between
brackets] (sources can be found in Google books)



"kust (1) strand, mnl "cost, coste", ofra [Old French] "coste" (nfra [modern
French] côte) < lat. "costa" rib, dat in vulg. lat. de bet. 'zijde, kant'
kreeg.

Het mnl "kost" > mnd. "kost", De vorm "kust" is later ontstaan en deze >
nhd. "Küste"

[so the Middle Low German "kost" for shore is a Dutch loan, en the
alternative form with "u" was borrowed into High German]



"kust",(2) znw. v., verkiezing, mnl. [Middle Dutch] "cust" (verkiezing,
wens), os [Old Saxon] "kust" (keus, wil, het beste), ohd [Old High german]
"chust" (keus, taxatie, deugdelijkheid), ofri [Old Frisian] "kest" (met
onderling goedvinden vastgestelde wet) [still in use in some contexts, BTW],
oe. [Old English] "cyst" (keus, het beste, welwillendheid), on. [Old Norse]
"kostr" (keus, verkiezing, goede eigenschap, wijze, toestand), got. [Gothic]
"kustus" (beproeving), Germ. *kustuz [reconstructed form] beantwoordt geheel
aan [is a direct cognate of] lat. "gustus" (het proeven, genieten), kelt.
gustu- (keus) (in namen als Iers Oengus, Fergus, kymr. Ungust], oiers guss
(deugdelijkheid, kracht). Een Germaans *kusti [he needs the -i to get the u
sound in Dutch, an umlaut product], indien niet secundair gevormd, stemt met
oi. [Sanskrit] justi [dots under s and t] overeen ---- Zie verder "kiezen".



"kost" mnl kosten, uitgaven, kosten voor levensonderhoud > levensonderhoud,
maaltijd, spijs, mnd [Middle Low Saxon] "kost, koste" kosten, onderhoud,
onthaal, feest. mhd "kost, koste" levensmiddelen (nhd [modern German]
"Kost", spijs, kost onderhoud), ofri "kost" .. < mlat. "costus", "costa"
gevormd van "*costare" < lat. "constare" (kosten).



BTW, the expression "te kust en te keur" is the only place the form "kust"
in this "choose" meaning still lives on. The alliteration of these 2 words
probably was an attractive expression, it seems, and (IMHO) reminiscent of
older Germanic poetry forms. Old Frisian law is also full of such
alliterating expressions (sa lang as de wyn fan 'e wolken waait.... [modern
Frisian form] for "forever" e.g. )



Regards,



Henno Brandsma



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