LL-L "Etymology" 2011.06.02 (05) [EN]

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L O W L A N D S - L - 02 June 2011 - Volume 05
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From: R. F. Hahn <sassisch at yahoo.com>
Subject: Etymology

Dear Lowlanders,

The origin of the etymon represented by English "carp" is a bit of a
mystery, and I wonder if together we can shed some more light on it.

According to the *Herkunftsduden*, Old German has *karpho*, and the word is
supposed to have been derived from an unknown language once used along River
Danube and in the Alps where wild carps used to be plentiful.

English "carp" is supposed to have been borrowed from French or rather
Norman *carpe*, and this word is supposed to go back to a Germanic,
ultimately an East Germanic language, "possibly Gothic **karpa*" (which has
not been verified).

What languages used to be spoken in the region specified? Yes, Eastern
Gothic at some point, and also Celtic varieties if I am not mistaken.

Please note that among languages that have versions of this word there is
evidence of consonantal metathesis: **karp* ~ **krap*, and there is the
possibility of **karab* or **karap*, if not **korob* or **korop* or any
other configuration of these:

English: carp
Low Saxon: Karp, Karpen
Dutch: karper
Afrikaans: karp
Limburgish: karper, kerp
Danish: karpe
Norwegian: karpe
Swedish: karp
German: Karpfen
Yiddish: karp (קאַרפּ)
Lower Sorbian: karpa
Upper Sorbian: karp
Czech: kapr
Slovak: kapor
Kashubian: karp
Polish: karp
Ukrainian: korop (короп)
Belarusian: karp (карп)
Russian: karp (карп)
Slovenian: krap
Macedonian: krap (крап)
Latvian: karpa
Lithuanian: karpis
Greek: kyprínos (κυπρίνος)
Picard: càrpe
French: carpe
Catalan: carpa
Spanish: carpa
Galician: carpa
Portuguese: carpa
Breton: karpenn
Welsh: carp
Scottish Gaelic: carbh
Irish: carbán
Estonian: karpkala ("karp fish")
Finnish: karppi
Romanian: crap
Albanian: krap
Chuvash: karp (карп)
Azerbaijani: karp
Georgian: kobre (კობრი)
Persian: kapūr (کپور)
Maltese: karpjun
Hebrew: karpiyyōn (קַרְפִּיּוֹן)

Any information, ideas, thoughts?

Regards,
Reinhard/Ron
Seattle, USA

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