OP tt-

[Koontz John E]

On Wed, 26 Mar 2003, Linda Cumberland wrote:

> Please remind me what tt- signifies for Omaha-Ponca- is it
> glottalized, or somehow held longer...?  Thanks, -L

It's geminate intervocalically, and voiceless unaspirated initially. In
cognates it matches most cases of Dakotan th and *Ct or *tC clusters,
e.g., tha- : tta 'ruminant', thi- : tti 'dwell(ing)', pte : tte '(cow)
buffalo', =ktA : =ttE irrealis, etc.  Dakotan tp ~ kp usually turns out to
be *kp, which is pp, kpaza, tpaza : ppaze 'evening'.  Some Dakotan th turn
up as Dhegiha th, e.g., ma(N)tho : maNthu ~ maNc^hu 'grizzley'.  Most
Dhegiha th match Dakotan h, e.g., phehaN : ppethaN 'crane' (?), hi : thi
'arrive here'.

In general Dhegiha stops of the form tt work like tt, e.g., khe- : kke
'turtle' (Mandan pke-), pha : ppa 'head', and so on.

JEK