word question

[Margarita Orlova]

 Кочма (kochma) may be a regional (the Central-Asian Russian) version
of кошма (koshma), which is "войлочный ковёр из овечьей или верблюжьей
шерсти. Кошмы вырабатываются и широко применяются в быту у народов,
занимающихся скотоводством: у казахов, киргизов, туркмен,
каракалпаков, афганцев, курдов и др."
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0

Cf: "Если ковёр под капотом,то это нормально,а если сверху капота,то
это уже интересно. У меня у самого под капотом мягкая КОЧМА лeжит,
естественно, смысл есть!"
http://www.bizovo.ru/newforum/viewtopic.php?p=12795

Маргарита Орлова

On Fri, May 7, 2010 at 3:52 PM, Paul B. Gallagher
<paulbg at pbg-translations.com> wrote:
> Valentino, Russell wrote:
>
>> Dear colleagues,
>>
>> I just came across the word "kochma" in a Russian language poem by a
>> Central Asian author. When I couldn't find the word in any of my
>> usual sources, I asked a Central Asianist colleague, who told me that
>> the Uzbek word ko'chma means "itinerant" and is used in a derogatory
>> way to refer to people who move from place to place, like nomads or
>> gypsies.
>>
>> But as that's in Uzbek and this is in Russian, I'm wondering if the
>> connotations are the same. Has anyone else come across this word?
>>
>> Thanks in advance.
>
> FWIW, Azerbayjani has a verb көчмәк (köçmäk), where мәк/мақ (mäk/maq) is a
> suffix that makes verbs (the suffix harmonizes with the frontness or
> backness of the stem vowel). The abbreviated suffix мә/ма (mä/ma) forms
> corresponding deverbal nouns -- көчмә (köçmä) -- similar to Russian
> -ание/-ение: переселять => переселение. This looks like a good candidate for
> the source of the Russian word.
>
> Көчмәк is defined in my Azerbayjani-Russian dictionary as "кочевать,
> перекочевать, переселяться, переезжать." The bare stem көч (köç) is a noun,
> defined as "1) переселение, кочевье; 2) табор." In the Azerbayjani Latin
> alphabet, "ç" is a voiceless palatal affricate as in Turkish, about like
> Russian ч, and q is a uvular stop. The vowels ö and ä are fronted versions
> of the corresponding unmarked vowels, about like German ö and English "a" as
> in "hat."
>
> Sorry, can't say what value judgments are placed on nomadic activity by the
> two cultures.
>
> --
> War doesn't determine who's right, just who's left.
> --
> Paul B. Gallagher
> pbg translations, inc.
> "Russian Translations That Read Like Originals"
> http://pbg-translations.com
>
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