[Corpora-List] examples of the use of the terms "prototypical" > or "prototypicality"

Sat Jun 28 18:04:52 UTC 2014

Hi,`

In discussing Patrick, I think you should realize that he was basing his prototypes on Wittgenstein, not Rosch. The articles where he discusses these are:

> Hanks, P. 1994. Linguistic norms and pragmatic exploitations or, why lexicographers need prototype theory, and vice versa. Papers in Computational Lexicography: Complex 94: 89–113.
> 
and
> Hanks, P. 2000. Do word meanings exist? Computers and the Humanities 34(1–2): 205–215. 
> 
> 
The aim was to create lexicographical prototypes to deal with polysemy by having a continuum of variations of meaning. I have used this myself in collocational resonance, something I share with Patrick, and multilingual prototypes for variations across genres and across languages.

You need to read Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations, rather than the Tractatus, for family resemblances, notably with a discussion go ‘game’.

Best

Geoffrey

Le 28 juin 2014 à 11:00, Krishnamurthy, Ramesh <r.krishnamurthy at aston.ac.uk> a écrit :

> Hi Erin/Alex
> Apologies to all for hitting 'send' before inserting the subject line in my previous email....
> 
> One additional point: I was interested to see, glancing through the occurrences of 'prototypical'  in
> 009_2004_V1_Patrick HANKS_Corpus pattern ... - Euralex<http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CDkQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euralex.org%2Felx_proceedings%2FEuralex2004%2F009_2004_V1_Patrick%2520HANKS_Corpus%2520pattern%2520analysis.pdf&ei=9n2uU-e4Hu2g7AadnYCADA&usg=AFQjCNGtE5j1N-FunxRyaCWmROMIYFk_Ng&bvm=bv.69837884,d.ZGU>www.euralex.org/.../009_2004_V1_Patrick%20HANKS_Corpus%20patt...
> that he *rarely* used it *in the way that Erin specified*, namely "the most central use of a word"....
> 
> Instead , i noticed it was mostly 'prototypical syntagmatic *patterns*, prototypical *usage*, prototypical *direct objects*, etc',
> i.e. linguistic items/features at higher levels of abstraction than 'word senses'.
> 
> I didn't look carefully enough, so there may a citation in Erin's limited sense, but if not, perhaps Patrick was, consciously
> or subconsciously, telling us something about his understanding of the relationship between 'prototypes' and 'word senses'?
> 
>> From various conversations with Patrick, i remember the names Jackendoff, Rosch, and Wierzbicka came up in connection with
> prototype theory, but i can't remember any details, i'm afraid...
> 
> best
> ramesh
> 
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------
> Dear all
> 
> Various bits of discussion on this in several places in Patrick's 2013 book, including around pp90-105 and 340, but it's pretty much what the whole book is about - norms (cf prototypes) not just of lexis but of pretty much any type of language use, and exploitations.
> 
>    * Hanks, P. 2013. Lexical Analysis: Norms and Exploitations . Cambridge MA: MIT Press.
> 
> Some great quotes too, eg p91-92 " Prototypical, normal usage is very easy to spot?; it is also very boring."
> 
> Best
> alex
> 
> _____________________________
> Alex Boulton
> 
> Professor of English and Applied Linguistics
> 
> Université de Lorraine : Pearl, Erudi, Dépt d'anglais
> 
> homepage : http://bit.ly/BoultonATILF
> 
> Responsable équipe Didactique (Crapel)
> Atilf : CNRS, UL
> ( +33) 03 54 50 51 06
> 
> ReCALL, Eurocall, Geras, TaLC
> ----- Mail original -----
> 
>> De: "Erin McKean" <erin at logocracy.com>
>> À: corpora at uib.no
>> Envoyé: Samedi 28 Juin 2014 03:26:25
>> Objet: [Corpora-List] examples of the use of the terms "prototypical"
>> or "prototypicality"
> 
>> Dear Corpora-Lers,
> 
>> Does anyone have handy citations for the use of "prototypical" or
>> "prototypicality" in corpus linguistics to mean something roughly
>> equivalent to "the most central use of a word, especially in regards
>> to
>> referents or collocations"?
> 
>> I'm thinking of the case where you describe senses of a word in an
>> order
>> that roughly maps to "core -- periphery" rather than historical order
>> or
>> frequency of use. E.g. for things like "cask", the "water-tight
>> vessel"
>> would be a more prototypical sense than the "unit of capacity for
>> what
>> can be held in a cask" sense.
> 
>> My feeling is that this is described quite beautifully by Patrick
>> Hanks
>> somewhere but I can't seem to find a reference!
> 
>> Any help gratefully appreciated!
> 
>> Yours,
> 
>> Erin
>> ---------------------
>> Erin McKean
>> @emckean/@reverb/@wordnik
>> wordnik.com
>> helloreverb.com
> 
> ________________________________
> From: Krishnamurthy, Ramesh
> Sent: 28 June 2014 09:44
> To: erin at logocracy.com
> Cc: corpora at uib.no
> Subject:
> 
> 
> Hi Erin
> 
> I just typed 'hanks prototypical' into Google and obtained several hits...
> 
> #1 The website at seems to be down at the moment,
> but there is at least one citation at nlp.fi.muni.cz/projekty/cpa/
> 
> #2 one of the google hits was patrick hanks's paper at:
> 009_2004_V1_Patrick HANKS_Corpus pattern ... - Euralex<http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CDkQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euralex.org%2Felx_proceedings%2FEuralex2004%2F009_2004_V1_Patrick%2520HANKS_Corpus%2520pattern%2520analysis.pdf&ei=9n2uU-e4Hu2g7AadnYCADA&usg=AFQjCNGtE5j1N-FunxRyaCWmROMIYFk_Ng&bvm=bv.69837884,d.ZGU>www.euralex.org/.../009_2004_V1_Patrick%20HANKS_Corpus%20patt...
> 
> #3 this paper's list of references includes:
> Hanks, Patrick. 1994. 'Linguistic Norms and Pragmatic Explanations, or Why
> Lexicographers need Prototype Theory and Vice Versa' in F. Kiefer, G. Kiss, and J.
> Pajzs (eds.), Papers in Computational Lexicography: Complex '94. Research institute
> for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
> 
> #4 Google Scholar offers 4,950 hits for 'hanks prototypical'
> 
> best
> ramesh
> ---------------
> Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2014 18:26:25 -0700
> From: Erin McKean <erin at logocracy.com>
> Subject: [Corpora-List] examples of the use of the terms
>        "prototypical" or       "prototypicality"
> To: corpora at uib.no
> 
> Dear Corpora-Lers,
> 
> Does anyone have handy citations for the use of "prototypical" or
> "prototypicality" in corpus linguistics to mean something roughly
> equivalent to "the most central use of a word, especially in regards to
> referents or collocations"?
> 
> I'm thinking of the case where you describe senses of a word in an order
> that roughly maps to "core -- periphery" rather than historical order or
> frequency of use. E.g. for things like "cask", the "water-tight vessel"
> would be a more prototypical sense than the "unit of capacity for what
> can be held in a cask" sense.
> 
> My feeling is that this is described quite beautifully by Patrick Hanks
> somewhere but I can't seem to find a reference!
> 
> Any help gratefully appreciated!
> 
> Yours,
> 
> Erin
> ---------------------
> Erin McKean
> @emckean/@reverb/@wordnik
> wordnik.com
> helloreverb.com
> 
> 
> 
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