[Corpora-List] examples of the use of the terms "prototypical" > or "prototypicality"

Sat Jun 28 18:46:42 UTC 2014

     Rosch definitely built on Wittgenstein.  I know Wittgenstein talked 
about family resemblances, but I don't know where he talked about 
prototypes. I discuss his example of "games" here:

http://grieve-smith.com/blog/2013/02/in-a-wittgensteinian-sort-of-way/

     Thanks for the pointeres to Hanks' work!

On 06/28/2014 02:04 PM, Geoffrey Williams wrote:
> Hi,`
>
> In discussing Patrick, I think you should realize that he was basing 
> his prototypes on Wittgenstein, not Rosch. The articles where he 
> discusses these are:
>
>> Hanks, P. 1994. Linguistic norms and pragmatic exploitations or, why 
>> lexicographers need prototype theory, and vice versa. Papers in 
>> Computational Lexicography: Complex 94: 89–113.
>>
> and
>>
>> Hanks, P. 2000. Do word meanings exist? Computers and the Humanities 
>> 34(1–2): 205–215.
>>
>>
> The aim was to create lexicographical prototypes to deal with polysemy 
> by having a continuum of variations of meaning. I have used this 
> myself in collocational resonance, something I share with Patrick, and 
> multilingual prototypes for variations across genres and across languages.
>
> You need to read Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations, rather 
> than the Tractatus, for family resemblances, notably with a discussion 
> go ‘game’.
>
> Best
>
> Geoffrey
>
> Le 28 juin 2014 à 11:00, Krishnamurthy, Ramesh 
> <r.krishnamurthy at aston.ac.uk <mailto:r.krishnamurthy at aston.ac.uk>> a 
> écrit :
>
>> Hi Erin/Alex
>> Apologies to all for hitting 'send' before inserting the subject line 
>> in my previous email....
>>
>> One additional point: I was interested to see, glancing through the 
>> occurrences of 'prototypical'  in
>> 009_2004_V1_Patrick HANKS_Corpus pattern ... - 
>> Euralex<http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CDkQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euralex.org%2Felx_proceedings%2FEuralex2004%2F009_2004_V1_Patrick%2520HANKS_Corpus%2520pattern%2520analysis.pdf&ei=9n2uU-e4Hu2g7AadnYCADA&usg=AFQjCNGtE5j1N-FunxRyaCWmROMIYFk_Ng&bvm=bv.69837884,d.ZGU>www.euralex.org/.../009_2004_V1_Patrick%20HANKS_Corpus%20patt 
>> <http://www.euralex.org/.../009_2004_V1_Patrick%20HANKS_Corpus%20patt>...
>> that he *rarely* used it *in the way that Erin specified*, namely 
>> "the most central use of a word"....
>>
>> Instead , i noticed it was mostly 'prototypical syntagmatic 
>> *patterns*, prototypical *usage*, prototypical *direct objects*, etc',
>> i.e. linguistic items/features at higher levels of abstraction than 
>> 'word senses'.
>>
>> I didn't look carefully enough, so there may a citation in Erin's 
>> limited sense, but if not, perhaps Patrick was, consciously
>> or subconsciously, telling us something about his understanding of 
>> the relationship between 'prototypes' and 'word senses'?
>>
>>> From various conversations with Patrick, i remember the names 
>>> Jackendoff, Rosch, and Wierzbicka came up in connection with
>> prototype theory, but i can't remember any details, i'm afraid...
>>
>> best
>> ramesh
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------
>> Dear all
>>
>> Various bits of discussion on this in several places in Patrick's 
>> 2013 book, including around pp90-105 and 340, but it's pretty much 
>> what the whole book is about - norms (cf prototypes) not just of 
>> lexis but of pretty much any type of language use, and exploitations.
>>
>>    * Hanks, P. 2013. Lexical Analysis: Norms and Exploitations . 
>> Cambridge MA: MIT Press.
>>
>> Some great quotes too, eg p91-92 " Prototypical, normal usage is very 
>> easy to spot?; it is also very boring."
>>
>> Best
>> alex
>>
>> _____________________________
>> Alex Boulton
>>
>> Professor of English and Applied Linguistics
>>
>> Université de Lorraine : Pearl, Erudi, Dépt d'anglais
>>
>> homepage : http://bit.ly/BoultonATILF
>>
>> Responsable équipe Didactique (Crapel)
>> Atilf : CNRS, UL
>> ( +33) 03 54 50 51 06
>>
>> ReCALL, Eurocall, Geras, TaLC
>> ----- Mail original -----
>>
>>> De: "Erin McKean" <erin at logocracy.com <mailto:erin at logocracy.com>>
>>> À: corpora at uib.no <mailto:corpora at uib.no>
>>> Envoyé: Samedi 28 Juin 2014 03:26:25
>>> Objet: [Corpora-List] examples of the use of the terms "prototypical"
>>> or "prototypicality"
>>
>>> Dear Corpora-Lers,
>>
>>> Does anyone have handy citations for the use of "prototypical" or
>>> "prototypicality" in corpus linguistics to mean something roughly
>>> equivalent to "the most central use of a word, especially in regards
>>> to
>>> referents or collocations"?
>>
>>> I'm thinking of the case where you describe senses of a word in an
>>> order
>>> that roughly maps to "core -- periphery" rather than historical order
>>> or
>>> frequency of use. E.g. for things like "cask", the "water-tight
>>> vessel"
>>> would be a more prototypical sense than the "unit of capacity for
>>> what
>>> can be held in a cask" sense.
>>
>>> My feeling is that this is described quite beautifully by Patrick
>>> Hanks
>>> somewhere but I can't seem to find a reference!
>>
>>> Any help gratefully appreciated!
>>
>>> Yours,
>>
>>> Erin
>>> ---------------------
>>> Erin McKean
>>> @emckean/@reverb/@wordnik
>>> wordnik.com <http://wordnik.com>
>>> helloreverb.com
>>
>> ________________________________
>> From: Krishnamurthy, Ramesh
>> Sent: 28 June 2014 09:44
>> To: erin at logocracy.com <mailto:erin at logocracy.com>
>> Cc: corpora at uib.no <mailto:corpora at uib.no>
>> Subject:
>>
>>
>> Hi Erin
>>
>> I just typed 'hanks prototypical' into Google and obtained several 
>> hits...
>>
>> #1 The website at seems to be down at the moment,
>> but there is at least one citation at nlp.fi.muni.cz/projekty/cpa/
>>
>> #2 one of the google hits was patrick hanks's paper at:
>> 009_2004_V1_Patrick HANKS_Corpus pattern ... - 
>> Euralex<http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CDkQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euralex.org%2Felx_proceedings%2FEuralex2004%2F009_2004_V1_Patrick%2520HANKS_Corpus%2520pattern%2520analysis.pdf&ei=9n2uU-e4Hu2g7AadnYCADA&usg=AFQjCNGtE5j1N-FunxRyaCWmROMIYFk_Ng&bvm=bv.69837884,d.ZGU>www.euralex.org/.../009_2004_V1_Patrick%20HANKS_Corpus%20patt 
>> <http://www.euralex.org/.../009_2004_V1_Patrick%20HANKS_Corpus%20patt>...
>>
>> #3 this paper's list of references includes:
>> Hanks, Patrick. 1994. 'Linguistic Norms and Pragmatic Explanations, 
>> or Why
>> Lexicographers need Prototype Theory and Vice Versa' in F. Kiefer, G. 
>> Kiss, and J.
>> Pajzs (eds.), Papers in Computational Lexicography: Complex '94. 
>> Research institute
>> for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
>>
>> #4 Google Scholar offers 4,950 hits for 'hanks prototypical'
>>
>> best
>> ramesh
>> ---------------
>> Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2014 18:26:25 -0700
>> From: Erin McKean <erin at logocracy.com <mailto:erin at logocracy.com>>
>> Subject: [Corpora-List] examples of the use of the terms
>>        "prototypical" or       "prototypicality"
>> To: corpora at uib.no <mailto:corpora at uib.no>
>>
>> Dear Corpora-Lers,
>>
>> Does anyone have handy citations for the use of "prototypical" or
>> "prototypicality" in corpus linguistics to mean something roughly
>> equivalent to "the most central use of a word, especially in regards to
>> referents or collocations"?
>>
>> I'm thinking of the case where you describe senses of a word in an order
>> that roughly maps to "core -- periphery" rather than historical order or
>> frequency of use. E.g. for things like "cask", the "water-tight vessel"
>> would be a more prototypical sense than the "unit of capacity for what
>> can be held in a cask" sense.
>>
>> My feeling is that this is described quite beautifully by Patrick Hanks
>> somewhere but I can't seem to find a reference!
>>
>> Any help gratefully appreciated!
>>
>> Yours,
>>
>> Erin
>> ---------------------
>> Erin McKean
>> @emckean/@reverb/@wordnik
>> wordnik.com <http://wordnik.com>
>> helloreverb.com
>>
>>
>>
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>
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-- 
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grvsmth at panix.com

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