[Corpora-List] examples of the use of the terms "prototypical" > or "prototypicality"

Sat Jun 28 19:00:32 UTC 2014

Hi Angus,

I do not believe he ever used the word. It is possibly more Patrick who called them thus. We can only wait for Patrick to weigh in with an answer, or maybe Bill Louw as he is more philosophically read than I.

Best

Geoffrey

Le 28 juin 2014 à 20:46, Angus B. Grieve-Smith <grvsmth at panix.com> a écrit :

>     Rosch definitely built on Wittgenstein.  I know Wittgenstein talked about family resemblances, but I don't know where he talked about prototypes.  I discuss his example of "games" here:
> 
> http://grieve-smith.com/blog/2013/02/in-a-wittgensteinian-sort-of-way/
> 
>     Thanks for the pointeres to Hanks' work!
> 
> On 06/28/2014 02:04 PM, Geoffrey Williams wrote:
>> Hi,`
>> 
>> In discussing Patrick, I think you should realize that he was basing his prototypes on Wittgenstein, not Rosch. The articles where he discusses these are:
>> 
>>> Hanks, P. 1994. Linguistic norms and pragmatic exploitations or, why lexicographers need prototype theory, and vice versa. Papers in Computational Lexicography: Complex 94: 89–113.
>>> 
>> and
>>> Hanks, P. 2000. Do word meanings exist? Computers and the Humanities 34(1–2): 205–215. 
>>> 
>>> 
>> The aim was to create lexicographical prototypes to deal with polysemy by having a continuum of variations of meaning. I have used this myself in collocational resonance, something I share with Patrick, and multilingual prototypes for variations across genres and across languages.
>> 
>> You need to read Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations, rather than the Tractatus, for family resemblances, notably with a discussion go ‘game’.
>> 
>> Best
>> 
>> Geoffrey
>> 
>> Le 28 juin 2014 à 11:00, Krishnamurthy, Ramesh <r.krishnamurthy at aston.ac.uk> a écrit :
>> 
>>> Hi Erin/Alex
>>> Apologies to all for hitting 'send' before inserting the subject line in my previous email....
>>> 
>>> One additional point: I was interested to see, glancing through the occurrences of 'prototypical'  in
>>> 009_2004_V1_Patrick HANKS_Corpus pattern ... - Euralex<http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CDkQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euralex.org%2Felx_proceedings%2FEuralex2004%2F009_2004_V1_Patrick%2520HANKS_Corpus%2520pattern%2520analysis.pdf&ei=9n2uU-e4Hu2g7AadnYCADA&usg=AFQjCNGtE5j1N-FunxRyaCWmROMIYFk_Ng&bvm=bv.69837884,d.ZGU>www.euralex.org/.../009_2004_V1_Patrick%20HANKS_Corpus%20patt...
>>> that he *rarely* used it *in the way that Erin specified*, namely "the most central use of a word"....
>>> 
>>> Instead , i noticed it was mostly 'prototypical syntagmatic *patterns*, prototypical *usage*, prototypical *direct objects*, etc',
>>> i.e. linguistic items/features at higher levels of abstraction than 'word senses'.
>>> 
>>> I didn't look carefully enough, so there may a citation in Erin's limited sense, but if not, perhaps Patrick was, consciously
>>> or subconsciously, telling us something about his understanding of the relationship between 'prototypes' and 'word senses'?
>>> 
>>>> From various conversations with Patrick, i remember the names Jackendoff, Rosch, and Wierzbicka came up in connection with
>>> prototype theory, but i can't remember any details, i'm afraid...
>>> 
>>> best
>>> ramesh
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> ------------------
>>> Dear all
>>> 
>>> Various bits of discussion on this in several places in Patrick's 2013 book, including around pp90-105 and 340, but it's pretty much what the whole book is about - norms (cf prototypes) not just of lexis but of pretty much any type of language use, and exploitations.
>>> 
>>>    * Hanks, P. 2013. Lexical Analysis: Norms and Exploitations . Cambridge MA: MIT Press.
>>> 
>>> Some great quotes too, eg p91-92 " Prototypical, normal usage is very easy to spot?; it is also very boring."
>>> 
>>> Best
>>> alex
>>> 
>>> _____________________________
>>> Alex Boulton
>>> 
>>> Professor of English and Applied Linguistics
>>> 
>>> Université de Lorraine : Pearl, Erudi, Dépt d'anglais
>>> 
>>> homepage : http://bit.ly/BoultonATILF
>>> 
>>> Responsable équipe Didactique (Crapel)
>>> Atilf : CNRS, UL
>>> ( +33) 03 54 50 51 06
>>> 
>>> ReCALL, Eurocall, Geras, TaLC
>>> ----- Mail original -----
>>> 
>>>> De: "Erin McKean" <erin at logocracy.com>
>>>> À: corpora at uib.no
>>>> Envoyé: Samedi 28 Juin 2014 03:26:25
>>>> Objet: [Corpora-List] examples of the use of the terms "prototypical"
>>>> or "prototypicality"
>>> 
>>>> Dear Corpora-Lers,
>>> 
>>>> Does anyone have handy citations for the use of "prototypical" or
>>>> "prototypicality" in corpus linguistics to mean something roughly
>>>> equivalent to "the most central use of a word, especially in regards
>>>> to
>>>> referents or collocations"?
>>> 
>>>> I'm thinking of the case where you describe senses of a word in an
>>>> order
>>>> that roughly maps to "core -- periphery" rather than historical order
>>>> or
>>>> frequency of use. E.g. for things like "cask", the "water-tight
>>>> vessel"
>>>> would be a more prototypical sense than the "unit of capacity for
>>>> what
>>>> can be held in a cask" sense.
>>> 
>>>> My feeling is that this is described quite beautifully by Patrick
>>>> Hanks
>>>> somewhere but I can't seem to find a reference!
>>> 
>>>> Any help gratefully appreciated!
>>> 
>>>> Yours,
>>> 
>>>> Erin
>>>> ---------------------
>>>> Erin McKean
>>>> @emckean/@reverb/@wordnik
>>>> wordnik.com
>>>> helloreverb.com
>>> 
>>> ________________________________
>>> From: Krishnamurthy, Ramesh
>>> Sent: 28 June 2014 09:44
>>> To: erin at logocracy.com
>>> Cc: corpora at uib.no
>>> Subject:
>>> 
>>> 
>>> Hi Erin
>>> 
>>> I just typed 'hanks prototypical' into Google and obtained several hits...
>>> 
>>> #1 The website at seems to be down at the moment,
>>> but there is at least one citation at nlp.fi.muni.cz/projekty/cpa/
>>> 
>>> #2 one of the google hits was patrick hanks's paper at:
>>> 009_2004_V1_Patrick HANKS_Corpus pattern ... - Euralex<http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CDkQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euralex.org%2Felx_proceedings%2FEuralex2004%2F009_2004_V1_Patrick%2520HANKS_Corpus%2520pattern%2520analysis.pdf&ei=9n2uU-e4Hu2g7AadnYCADA&usg=AFQjCNGtE5j1N-FunxRyaCWmROMIYFk_Ng&bvm=bv.69837884,d.ZGU>www.euralex.org/.../009_2004_V1_Patrick%20HANKS_Corpus%20patt...
>>> 
>>> #3 this paper's list of references includes:
>>> Hanks, Patrick. 1994. 'Linguistic Norms and Pragmatic Explanations, or Why
>>> Lexicographers need Prototype Theory and Vice Versa' in F. Kiefer, G. Kiss, and J.
>>> Pajzs (eds.), Papers in Computational Lexicography: Complex '94. Research institute
>>> for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
>>> 
>>> #4 Google Scholar offers 4,950 hits for 'hanks prototypical'
>>> 
>>> best
>>> ramesh
>>> ---------------
>>> Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2014 18:26:25 -0700
>>> From: Erin McKean <erin at logocracy.com>
>>> Subject: [Corpora-List] examples of the use of the terms
>>>        "prototypical" or       "prototypicality"
>>> To: corpora at uib.no
>>> 
>>> Dear Corpora-Lers,
>>> 
>>> Does anyone have handy citations for the use of "prototypical" or
>>> "prototypicality" in corpus linguistics to mean something roughly
>>> equivalent to "the most central use of a word, especially in regards to
>>> referents or collocations"?
>>> 
>>> I'm thinking of the case where you describe senses of a word in an order
>>> that roughly maps to "core -- periphery" rather than historical order or
>>> frequency of use. E.g. for things like "cask", the "water-tight vessel"
>>> would be a more prototypical sense than the "unit of capacity for what
>>> can be held in a cask" sense.
>>> 
>>> My feeling is that this is described quite beautifully by Patrick Hanks
>>> somewhere but I can't seem to find a reference!
>>> 
>>> Any help gratefully appreciated!
>>> 
>>> Yours,
>>> 
>>> Erin
>>> ---------------------
>>> Erin McKean
>>> @emckean/@reverb/@wordnik
>>> wordnik.com
>>> helloreverb.com
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> UNSUBSCRIBE from this page: http://mailman.uib.no/options/corpora
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>> 
>> Professor Geoffrey WILLIAMS. MSc, PhD 
>> Director of Department for Document Management / Directeur du Département d'Ingénierie du document
>> Director of Master in Publishing and Digital Humanities / Directeur du Master Métiers du Livre et les Humanités Numériques
>> LiCoRN : www.licorn-ubs.com / www.evalhum.eu / Twitter @EvalHum / EvalHum on Facebook 
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> geoffrey.williams at univ-ubs.fr 
>> tél. +33 (0)2 97 87 29 20 - fax. +33 (0)2 97 87 29 31 
>> Faculté de Lettres Langues Sciences Humaines 
>> et Sociales (LSHS) 
>> 4 rue Jean Zay 
>> BP92113, 56321 LORIENT CEDEX
>> UNIVERSITÉ DE BRETAGNE-SUD 
>> www.univ-ubs.fr / www.licorn-ubs.com
>> 
>> Ce message est confidentiel. Que vous l’ayez reçu par erreur ou que vous en soyez le ou la destinataire, vous êtes prié de ne pas en divulguer le contenu. 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
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> 
> 
> -- 
> Angus B. Grieve-Smith
> grvsmth at panix.com
> _______________________________________________
> UNSUBSCRIBE from this page: http://mailman.uib.no/options/corpora
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> http://mailman.uib.no/listinfo/corpora

Professor Geoffrey WILLIAMS. MSc, PhD 
Director of Department for Document Management / Directeur du Département d'Ingénierie du document
Director of Master in Publishing and Digital Humanities / Directeur du Master Métiers du Livre et les Humanités Numériques
LiCoRN : www.licorn-ubs.com / www.evalhum.eu / Twitter @EvalHum / EvalHum on Facebook 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
geoffrey.williams at univ-ubs.fr 
tél. +33 (0)2 97 87 29 20 - fax. +33 (0)2 97 87 29 31 
Faculté de Lettres Langues Sciences Humaines 
et Sociales (LSHS) 
4 rue Jean Zay 
BP92113, 56321 LORIENT CEDEX
UNIVERSITÉ DE BRETAGNE-SUD 
www.univ-ubs.fr / www.licorn-ubs.com

Ce message est confidentiel. Que vous l’ayez reçu par erreur ou que vous en soyez le ou la destinataire, vous êtes prié de ne pas en divulguer le contenu. 

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