[Lingtyp] Emergence of word-class systems

Sun Apr 2 06:55:29 UTC 2023

Dear John,

I myself know very little about the topic you are interested in, but Luca Alfieri (Guglielmo Marconi University, Rome, Italy) has been studying PoS theory in typological terms as well as in Indo-European languages, with particular attention to the development of the adjective class from Proto-Indo-European to the historical languages, especially Latin, Greek and Vedic: it seems that PIE did not have lexical adjectives, and this scenario is still mostly preserved in Vedic, wherein “adjectives” were in fact forms derived from quality-denoting verb roots; by contrast, Latin clearly exhibits the lexical class of adjectives, and Homeric Greek attests a sort of halfway situation between Vedic and Latin, providing concrete evidence for the ongoing typological change. Besides the papers that I attach below, I also indicate the following works (whose pdfs I do no have):

Alfieri, Luca (2016). The typological definition of the (apparently historical) notion of root. «Archivio Glottologico Italiano» 102 (1), 129-169.

Alfieri, Luca / Gasbarra, Valentina (2021). The adjective class in Homeric Greek and the parts of speech change in the Indo-European languages. In: Biondi, Laura / Dedè, Francesco / Scala, Andrea (eds.), Change in Grammar. Triggers, Paths, and Outcomes, 7-26. Alessandria: Edizioni dell’Orso.

I hope I was helpful!

Edoardo Nardi
e.nardi at unimarconi.it
PhD Student

> Il giorno 02 apr 2023, alle ore 00:57, John Mansfield <jbmansfield at gmail.com> ha scritto:
> 
> Can anyone point me at literature speculating on how word-class systems may have emerged in human language? That is to say, if we assume that there are or were (proto-)languages without a clear word-class system, then how might one develop?
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