Words for Loss, Lose and Lost

[David Kaufman]

I can add to this that Biloxi seems to have capi 'drop' (e.g., du-capi
'fall by [from] hand') and (h)ide 'fall (of its own accord).'  Also taho
(~toho) 'lie'/'recline' is used at times, such as in oktaho 'make fall by
shooting/shoot down'.  Ofo has atonahi, with that familiar -hi.

Dave

On Sat, Mar 2, 2013 at 12:25 PM, Rankin, Robert L. <rankin at ku.edu> wrote:

>
>    > I can't find a word that means drop or to drop in Tutelo-Saponi but
> I do find the word for fallen =  ohiki and fall down = hiphe. Is it
> possible that one of these two words may have the drop aspect in their root
> word?
>
> Looks like you're right.  Here are the 'fall, lose' terms from my
> comparative Siouan file.  If you have questions about the two letter
> abbreviations for the various languages, let me know.
>
> Bob
>
>
> GLOSS[ fall †hį 0.0, hį-pe
>
> ProtoDH[ *hí•phe
>
> KS[ hí•phe ‘fall’ RR
>
> OS[ †híphe “hípshe” ‘stumble and fall, trip’ LF-61b
>
>
>
> TU[ †hįpé “himpéwa” ‘fall down’ Hw.
>
>  COM[ There are too few forms here to give us a truly secure
> reconstruction;  however, the forms that do exist suggest a PSI compound
> |*hi•-phe|.  QU |hide| ‘drop, cause to fall’ probably contains the
> initial root of this form.
>
>  ==========================================================
>
> GLOSS[ fall †pE x.0 >lie down
>
>
>
> GRAMCAT[ V
> PSI[ *xapÉPCH[ *xap-
>
> CR[ xapí ‘lie down, fall’ RG
>
> HI[ xápi ‘lie down, recline’ J
>
> HI[ xphe, ara- ‘kick sth. off of sth.’ J
>
> HI[ xphe, na- ‘knock down from a high place’ (rka) J
>
> HI[ xphe, nú- ‘take down’ J
>
> HI[ xphe, pá- ‘push off, knock down, knock off’ J
>
>
>
> PMA[ *-xpe-
>
> MA[ wakípxeʔš ‘I fell in’ C
>
>
>
> PMV[ *xpa-
>
>
>
> PDA[ *xpA
>
> LA[ xpáya ‘lie down’ C
>
> LA[ xpahą́ ‘thrown down’ C
>
> LA[ oxpA´ ‘drop’ C
>
> LA[ xpá, na- ‘be kicked off or out.’ B-815
>
> LA[ xpa, oká- ‘make fall into by striking’ B-383
>
> LA[ xpáxpa, ka- ‘strike and make pieces fly off, as from wood
>
>     or ice’ B-275
>
> LA[ xpá, wa- ‘cut off anything and let it fall’ B-519
>
> LA[ xpá, wo- ‘make fall by shooting, to shoot down, as a bird
>
>     on the wing’ B-598
>
> LA[ xpá, ya- ‘pull something with the mouth so as to make it
>
>     come down, as a dog jumping at a piece of beef. to throw anything
>
>     down with’ B-620
>
> LA[ xpá, yu- ‘pull something, so as to make it fall; to loosen
>
>     the bow string after use; to throw down e.g. one’s load, to shake
>
>     off’ B-639
>
> LA[ xpa, yuáka- ‘cover, conceal’ B-633
>
> LA[ xpa, apá- ‘throw down on’ B-88
>
> DA[ xpa  “h*̇*pa” ‘thrown down’ R-166b
>
>
>
> CH[ oxwą́ñe ‘fall down’ JOD
>
>
>
> PDH[ *xpare
>
> OP[ †oxpáðe “uxpathe “SW-74
>
> KS[ oxpáye ‘fall off’ RR
>
> KS[ obáxpaye ‘push off, shove sth. off’ RR
>
> KS[ obúxpaye ‘push somebody off (old fused causative?)’ RR
>
> KS[ ogáxpaye ‘knock somebody off of a horse, perch, etc.’ RR
>
> KS[ oną́xpaye ‘kick something off its platform.’ RR
>
> KS[ obóxpaye ‘shoot down, shoot and cause to fall’ RR
>
> KS[ odáxpaye ‘burn down, cause to fall by burning’ RR
>
> KS[ oyúxpaye ‘fall from the hand, let, to lose.’ RR
>
> OS[ †oxpáðe “uxpáthe” ‘fall, become lost’ LF-181b
>
> QU[ oxpáde ‘fall from a height’ JOD
>
> QU[ obáxpade ‘push off and cause to fall’ RR
>
> QU[ obíxpade ‘fall, cause by pressure/weight’ RR
>
> QU[ odíxpade ‘pull off and cause to fall’ RR
>
> QU[ okáxpade ‘knock off, cause to fall off’ RR
>
> QU[ oną́xpade ‘kick something down’ RR
>
> QU[ opóxpade ‘shoot down’ RR
>
>
>
> BI[ xapká ‘flat, low’ DS-225 (?)
>
>
>
> COM[ HI, LA, CH, and DH show forms with a relic, fused causative which is
> no longer conjugated as a causative.  MA |wą́xpe| ‘nine’ (one laid/hangs
> down?) may also belong here, although it is a rather peculiar form, being
> exceptional with regard to the normal MA constraint against clusters with
> |p| as second element.
>
>
>


-- 
David Kaufman, Ph.C.
University of Kansas
Linguistic Anthropology
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