[Lingtyp] "Super", "superlocative" or 'top' cases outside the Caucasus and Uralic?
Jussi Ylikoski
jussi.ylikoski at oulu.fi
Sat Jul 9 18:13:21 UTC 2022
Dear all,
Many thanks to Jess Tauber and John Peterson for the information on Yahgan and Konkani, respectively, as well as to Daniel Ross who privately informed me about the seemingly cliticized postposition =tʃʰɐ 'on' in Gexi Horpa (Sino-Tibetan). Especially the Konkani enclitic superessive case marker =r/=cer seems to be a good and well-documented representative of what I was looking for.
Best regards,
Jussi
________________________________
Frá: John Peterson <jpeterson at isfas.uni-kiel.de>
Sent: föstudagur, 8. júlí 2022 15:00
Til: Jussi Ylikoski <jussi.ylikoski at oulu.fi>
Afrit: LINGTYP at listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
Efni: Re: [Lingtyp] "Super", "superlocative" or 'top' cases outside the Caucasus and Uralic?
Dear Jussi,
Perhaps the Konkani (Southern Indo-Aryan) case system given in the table below would be of interest to you? Best, John
Case
Singular
Plural
Nominative (= direct stem)
–
–
The following enclitic case markers attach to the oblique stem:
Objective (≈ Accusative / Dative)
=k
=k
Ergative / Instrumental
=n
=ni
Inesseive (‘in’)
=nt (=n) (1)
=ni
Superessive (‘on’)
=r / =cer
=r / =cer
"Familiessive" (‘at the home of’)
=ger
=ger
Ablative
=san / =sun
=cyan / =lyan
=san / =sun
=cyan / =lyan
Genitive (general)(2)
=c-ɔ / =c-i / =c-ɛ̃
=l-ɔ / =l-i / =l-ɛ̃
=c-ɔ / =c-i / =c-ɛ̃
=l-ɔ / =l-i / =l-ɛ̃
“Kinship genitive” (‘belonging to the household of’)
=gɛl-ɔ / =gel-i / =gɛl-ɛ̃
=gɛl-ɔ / =gel-i / =gɛl-ɛ̃
Vocative
–
=no
Notes:
(1) While the standard form of the inessive singular is =nt, it is often realized as /n/ in both speech and writing, resulting in the total syncretism of the ergative/instrumental and the inessive cases in both singular and plural.
(2) According to the traditional analysis, the genitive forms with <c> (realized as /ʧ/ before high front vowels and as /ʦ/ elsewhere) can be used with all types of nouns, whereas the /l/-forms are only used with nouns denoting personal names of human possessors, although there are also exceptions. This requires further study.
Am 08.07.2022 01:08, schrieb Jussi Ylikoski:
Dear all,
More than a year ago, in the midst of another discussion, I asked about something that was never explicitly confirmed or refuted, and I would now like to repeat my question (archived at https://listserv.linguistlist.org/pipermail/lingtyp/2021-March/008683.html):
– – While many "Super", "superlocative" or 'top' cases can indeed be found in Uralic and in the languages of Caucasus (Ossetic (Indo-European) included), are there any other corners of the world with such specialized cases? In other words, I'm looking for morphological case distinctions as seen in the following Finnish word pairs:
lipasto-ssa 'in the drawer' vs. lipasto-lla 'on the drawer'
tule-ssa 'in the fire' vs. tule-lla 'on the fire'
mere-ssä 'in the sea' vs. mere-llä 'on the sea'
I'd be happy to locate similar morphological distinctions outside the Uralic family and the Causasus region.
(Edit: Frankly, at the time of correcting the proofs of a paper, I'd be happy not to locate such cases elsewhere, but the truth must win out.)
Best regards,
Jussi
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--
John Peterson
Linguistik und Phonetik (ISFAS)
Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
Olshausenstraße 40
D-24098 Kiel
Germany
Tel.: (+49) (0)431-880 2414
Fax: (+49) (0)431-880 7405
http://www.isfas.uni-kiel.de/de/linguistik/mitarbeitende/john-peterson
"Nós temos duas vidas e a segunda começa quando você percebe que você só tem uma…" (Mário de Andrade)
"We have two lives and the second begins when you realize that you only have one..."
________________________________
Frá: John Peterson <jpeterson at isfas.uni-kiel.de>
Sent: föstudagur, 8. júlí 2022 15:00
Til: Jussi Ylikoski <jussi.ylikoski at oulu.fi>
Afrit: LINGTYP at listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
Efni: Re: [Lingtyp] "Super", "superlocative" or 'top' cases outside the Caucasus and Uralic?
Dear Jussi,
Perhaps the Konkani (Southern Indo-Aryan) case system given in the table below would be of interest to you? Best, John
Case
Singular
Plural
Nominative (= direct stem)
–
–
The following enclitic case markers attach to the oblique stem:
Objective (≈ Accusative / Dative)
=k
=k
Ergative / Instrumental
=n
=ni
Inesseive (‘in’)
=nt (=n) (1)
=ni
Superessive (‘on’)
=r / =cer
=r / =cer
"Familiessive" (‘at the home of’)
=ger
=ger
Ablative
=san / =sun
=cyan / =lyan
=san / =sun
=cyan / =lyan
Genitive (general)(2)
=c-ɔ / =c-i / =c-ɛ̃
=l-ɔ / =l-i / =l-ɛ̃
=c-ɔ / =c-i / =c-ɛ̃
=l-ɔ / =l-i / =l-ɛ̃
“Kinship genitive” (‘belonging to the household of’)
=gɛl-ɔ / =gel-i / =gɛl-ɛ̃
=gɛl-ɔ / =gel-i / =gɛl-ɛ̃
Vocative
–
=no
Notes:
(1) While the standard form of the inessive singular is =nt, it is often realized as /n/ in both speech and writing, resulting in the total syncretism of the ergative/instrumental and the inessive cases in both singular and plural.
(2) According to the traditional analysis, the genitive forms with <c> (realized as /ʧ/ before high front vowels and as /ʦ/ elsewhere) can be used with all types of nouns, whereas the /l/-forms are only used with nouns denoting personal names of human possessors, although there are also exceptions. This requires further study.
Am 08.07.2022 01:08, schrieb Jussi Ylikoski:
Dear all,
More than a year ago, in the midst of another discussion, I asked about something that was never explicitly confirmed or refuted, and I would now like to repeat my question (archived at https://listserv.linguistlist.org/pipermail/lingtyp/2021-March/008683.html):
– – While many "Super", "superlocative" or 'top' cases can indeed be found in Uralic and in the languages of Caucasus (Ossetic (Indo-European) included), are there any other corners of the world with such specialized cases? In other words, I'm looking for morphological case distinctions as seen in the following Finnish word pairs:
lipasto-ssa 'in the drawer' vs. lipasto-lla 'on the drawer'
tule-ssa 'in the fire' vs. tule-lla 'on the fire'
mere-ssä 'in the sea' vs. mere-llä 'on the sea'
I'd be happy to locate similar morphological distinctions outside the Uralic family and the Causasus region.
(Edit: Frankly, at the time of correcting the proofs of a paper, I'd be happy not to locate such cases elsewhere, but the truth must win out.)
Best regards,
Jussi
_______________________________________________
Lingtyp mailing list
Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:Lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp
--
John Peterson
Linguistik und Phonetik (ISFAS)
Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
Olshausenstraße 40
D-24098 Kiel
Germany
Tel.: (+49) (0)431-880 2414
Fax: (+49) (0)431-880 7405
http://www.isfas.uni-kiel.de/de/linguistik/mitarbeitende/john-peterson
"Nós temos duas vidas e a segunda começa quando você percebe que você só tem uma…" (Mário de Andrade)
"We have two lives and the second begins when you realize that you only have one..."
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