[Lingtyp] Evaluative morphology expressing "authenticity/prototypicality"

Thu Jul 11 23:48:12 UTC 2024

Hi Randy,

I’d like to add an example: When chairing your talk at our 2018 language typology forum (University of Sydney), Prof Christian Matthiessen introduced you as a ‘linguist linguist’ ;-)

Pin

> On 12 Jul 2024, at 2:26 am, Randy J. LaPolla via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org> wrote:
> 
> Hi again Mira,
> A more exact natural example of what you are talking about was used by Larry Horn teaching Pragmatics many years ago: At an LSA conference someone got ill, so one person got up on stage and asked the attendees “Is there a doctor in the house?” and half the audience raised their hands. The person then said, “No, a doctor doctor!”
> 
> Randy
> 
>> On 10 Jul 2024, at 8:55 PM, Mira Ariel <mariel at tauex.tau.ac.il> wrote:
>> 
>> Dear Nigel,
>> 
>> Yes, this is the trajectory Bardenstein and Ariel talk about. Better think of “a cookie cookie”. That can have both prototypical and intensified meanings.
>> Mira
>> Sent from my iPhone
>> 
>>> On 10 Jul 2024, at 15:40, Nigel Vincent via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org> wrote:
>>> 
>>> 
>>> Interesting - I'd have interpreted that ad to mean not 'central/prototype' but something more evaluative: 'the best you can get' or words to that effect. The picture doesn't look like what I would consider a prototype cookie (or biscuit, as I would say!).
>>> Nigel
>>> 
>>> 
>>> Professor Nigel Vincent, FBA MAE
>>> Professor Emeritus of General & Romance Linguistics
>>> The University of Manchester
>>> 
>>> Linguistics & English Language
>>> School of Arts, Languages and Cultures
>>> The University of Manchester
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/researchers/nigel-vincent(f973a991-8ece-453e-abc5-3ca198c869dc).html
>>> From: Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of Randy LaPolla via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
>>> Sent: 10 July 2024 2:23 PM
>>> To: <LINGTYP at listserv.linguistlist.org> <LINGTYP at listserv.linguistlist.org>
>>> Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Evaluative morphology expressing "authenticity/prototypicality"
>>>  
>>> Mira’s message reminded me of an English example where repetition narrows the term to central/prototype inferences:
>>> 
>>> <image.png>
>>> 
>>> In case the image doesn’t come out, it is the tag line on Pepperidge Farms’ Captiva cookie:
>>> “If you’re going to have a cookie, have a cookie”
>>> 
>>> Randy
>>> 
>>>> On Jul 10, 2024, at 15:42, Mira Ariel via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org> wrote:
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> Dear Francesca and others,
>>>> 
>>>> I'm curious to know if these prototypicalization morphemes sometimes evolve an intensifying function later. 
>>>> 
>>>> Bardenstein and I have a paper  in Studies in Language  46:2 (2022), where we trace the evolution of a number of intensifiers. Lo and behold, they evolve from expressions which narrow the application of the term to its central/prototpycal instances. Later on this narrower may evolve an intensifying function. We only discuss independent modifiers, but reduplication, even morphological one, can indicate intensification:
>>>> 
>>>> Hebrew:
>>>> 
>>>> Yafe        yafe                          
>>>> Beautiful   beautiful                       
>>>> 'Central concept of beautiful (not 'more or less beautiful')'/'Very beautiful'        
>>>> 
>>>> Yefe.fe (lexical reduplication)                 
>>>> 'Very beautiful'                             
>>>> 
>>>> Best,
>>>> Mira (Ariel)
>>>> From: Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of Riccardo Giomi via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
>>>> Sent: Tuesday, July 9, 2024 9:07 PM
>>>> To: lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
>>>> Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Evaluative morphology expressing "authenticity/prototypicality"
>>>>  
>>>> Dear Francesca (and all),
>>>> 
>>>> Leti (Austronesian) has an "exactness" marker -- which again, actually appears to be a clitic, but anyway:
>>>> 
>>>> a.    N-tivl=e.                b.   N-tivla.
>>>>            3.SG-flap=EXCT              3.SG-flap
>>>>            ‘It flaps.’                     ‘It sort of flaps.’
>>>>    
>>>>   (2) a.    vuar=lalavn=e            b.   vuar=lalavn
>>>>           big=mountain=EXCT           big=mountain
>>>>           ‘a big mountain’               ‘a sort of a big mountain’
>>>> 
>>>> van Engelenhoven, Aone, 2004. Leti, a Language of Southwest Maluku (Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 211). KITLV Press, Leiden.
>>>> 
>>>> Best wishes,
>>>> Riccardo
>>>> 
>>>> Riccardo Giomi
>>>> Assistant Professor of Functional Linguistics
>>>> University of Amsterdam
>>>> Faculty of Humanities: Department of Linguistics
>>>> Spuistraat 134, 1012 VB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
>>>> From: Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of Christian Lehmann via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
>>>> Sent: 09 July 2024 19:44
>>>> To: lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
>>>> Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Evaluative morphology expressing "authenticity/prototypicality"
>>>>  
>>>> Dear Francesca,
>>>> 
>>>> Cabecar (Chibchan) has a a formative sí̱ with a twofold distribution:
>>>> 
>>>> a) As a derivational suffix on nouns, it means 'authentic', 'prototypical':
>>>>  <>a. chíchi-sí̱
>>>> 
>>>> dog-auth
>>>> 
>>>>             ‘authentic dog’
>>>> 
>>>> b. ju-sí̱
>>>> 
>>>> house-auth
>>>> 
>>>>             ‘authentic/real/legitimate house (i.e. traditional Cabecar house)’
>>>> 
>>>> b) As an enclitic on adjectives, it means 'comparatively':
>>>>  <>a. báá=sí̱
>>>> 
>>>> nice=cmpr
>>>> 
>>>>             ‘comparatively/truly nice’
>>>> 
>>>> b. daláá=sí̱
>>>> 
>>>> yellow=cmpr
>>>> 
>>>>             ‘genuinely yellow’
>>>> 
>>>> It fulfills this latter function in comparative constructions, too.
>>>> 
>>>> Best, Christian
>>>> 
>>>> -- 
>>>> Prof. em. Dr. Christian Lehmann
>>>> Rudolfstr. 4
>>>> 99092 Erfurt
>>>> Deutschland
>>>> 
>>>> Tel.:	+49/361/2113417
>>>> E-Post:	christianw_lehmann at arcor.de <mailto:christianw_lehmann at arcor.de>
>>>> Web:	https://www.christianlehmann.eu [christianlehmann.eu] <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.christianlehmann.eu/__;!!PDiH4ENfjr2_Jw!Dc5B3RGgs9CwKb_HPO365SAFRXwA7GEwDM7386bdhfSqmL0-MWBa7VFnxqlSZY_CISTmbETs_J9ra_VBnE5f1tdqEw3hk71U4cNPeQ$>_______________________________________________
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>> <image.png>
> 
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