[Lingtyp] R: Evaluative morphology expressing "authenticity/prototypicality"

Fri Jul 12 16:42:04 UTC 2024

Dear all,
A very useful but scarcely known collection of studies on reduplication dans tous ses états is “La réduplication”, special issue of Faits de langue, #39 2007, ed. by Alexis Michaud and Aliyah Morgenstern. Also “prototypical” reduplications are considered.
Best,
Raffaele

==============
Emeritus Professor, Università Roma Tre
Hon C Lund University
Membre de l'Académie Royale de Belgique
Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres de France
Accademico (corrispondente) della Crusca
Prix de l'Institut de France-Fondation Bonnefous 2022
===============
Attività e pubblicazioni // Activity and publications http://uniroma3.academia.edu/RaffaeleSimone

Da: Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org> Per conto di Paolo Ramat via Lingtyp
Inviato: venerdì 12 luglio 2024 16:35
A: Mark Donohue <mhdonohue at gmail.com>
Cc: <LINGTYP at listserv.linguistlist.org> <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>
Oggetto: Re: [Lingtyp] Evaluative morphology expressing "authenticity/prototypicality"

Evaluative morphology expressing 'authentivity/protypicality

Dear All,
here's a fragment of article I'm writing  that concerns reduplication

<<The iteration /reduplication [...] can also have morphological functions such as plural formation (= ex. (1)), a distributive function(= ex. (2)), an intensifying function (= examples (3) and (4)), or have particular semantic values such as the so-called ‘echo reduplication’, as in (5), etc.:[1]

(1)  Indonesian buku buku “books” (Stolz 2003: 18)

(2)  Malti bieb bieb lit. door door, i.e. “from door to door” (Stolz 2006a: 119)

(3)  It.  un caffè caffè  “a real, good coffee” (Stolz 2003: 36; Ramat 2019: 151)

(4)  Emmi (Western Daly) dukandji “big“ ~ dukduk “very big” (Louagie 2023: 555)

         (5) Turkish   dergi                          mergi            okumuyor

                  Newspapers           M:ECHO        read:NEG:PRES

“(s)he does not read newspapers and the like’ (Stolz 2018: 248).

________________________________
[1] Grandi (2017: 77) writes: «According to Medici (1959a: 84), the aim of a reduplicated construction such as caffè caffè (‘coffee coffee’ [= our ex. (3)], P.Rt.) is “affermare […] la pienezza delle qualità inerenti [alla base]” (‘to state the fullness / completeness of the qualities of the base word’). In other words, the primary function of reduplication would be to identify the prototype of a concept, its default value. If evaluative morphology (which includes intensification) encodes a deviation from a standard or from a default meaning, if its peculiar function is that of assigning a value which is different from that of the ‘standard / default’ to a concept, reduplication primarily expresses a full identification of an item with its standard image. It identifies the best exemplar of a class».                                                                                                                                                                        A good overview of the multifarious functions of RED can be obtained when looking into the subject index of van Lier 2023: 1087, s.v. ‘reduplication’. Generally speaking, we can say that RED is a widespread strategy in the world’s languages to express many related functions (see Fedriani 2017: 147).
Refernces:
Grandi, Nicola. 2017. Intensification processes in Italian. In Maria Napoli & Miriam Ravetto (eds.), 55-75.
Louagie, Dana. 2023. Word Classes in Australian Languages. In Eva Van Lier (ed.), 544-571

Ramat, Paolo, 2019.Tautologia e/o reduplicazione. Rivista Italiana di Linguistica e Dialettologia,          147-156.
Stolz, Thomas. 2003. A new Mediterraneism. Word iteration in areal perspective. Mediterranean             Language Review 15, 1-47.

Stolz, Thomas. 2006a. (Wort-)Iteration: (k)eine universelle Konstruktion. In Kerstin Fischer &
            Anatol Stefanowitsch (Hsgb.), Konstruktionsgrammatik. Von der Anwendung zur Theorie:         105-132. Tübingen: Stauffenburg.
 Stolz, Thomas. 2018. (Non-)Canonical reduplication. In Anna Urdze (ed.), Non-Prototypical        Reduplication ("Studia Typologica"22), 201-277. De Gruyter Mouton: Berlin 2018.
Van Lier, Eva (ed., 2023), The Oxford Handbook of Word Classes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Best ,
P.Rt.
Addendum: see also Éllēnas Éllēnas “a true Greek man” (Kallergi, Haritini. 2015. Total Reduplication as a category of expressives: (Counter)evidence from Modern Greek. Benjamins

Paolo Ramat
Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Socio corrispondente
'Academia Europaea'
'Societas Linguistica Europaea', Honorary Member
Università di Pavia (retired)
Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori (IUSS Pavia) (retired)

piazzetta Arduino 11 - I 27100 Pavia
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Il giorno ven 12 lug 2024 alle ore 02:40 Mark Donohue via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>> ha scritto:
Don't forget

Jila Ghomeshi, Ray Jackendoff, Nicole Rosen and Kevin Russell. 2004. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 22 (2): 307-357.

On Fri, 12 Jul 2024 at 09:48, Pin Wang via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>> wrote:
Hi Randy,

I’d like to add an example: When chairing your talk at our 2018 language typology forum (University of Sydney), Prof Christian Matthiessen introduced you as a ‘linguist linguist’ ;-)

Pin

On 12 Jul 2024, at 2:26 am, Randy J. LaPolla via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>> wrote:

Hi again Mira,
A more exact natural example of what you are talking about was used by Larry Horn teaching Pragmatics many years ago: At an LSA conference someone got ill, so one person got up on stage and asked the attendees “Is there a doctor in the house?” and half the audience raised their hands. The person then said, “No, a doctor doctor!”

Randy

On 10 Jul 2024, at 8:55 PM, Mira Ariel <mariel at tauex.tau.ac.il<mailto:mariel at tauex.tau.ac.il>> wrote:

Dear Nigel,

Yes, this is the trajectory Bardenstein and Ariel talk about. Better think of “a cookie cookie”. That can have both prototypical and intensified meanings.
Mira
Sent from my iPhone

On 10 Jul 2024, at 15:40, Nigel Vincent via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>> wrote:

Interesting - I'd have interpreted that ad to mean not 'central/prototype' but something more evaluative: 'the best you can get' or words to that effect. The picture doesn't look like what I would consider a prototype cookie (or biscuit, as I would say!).
Nigel

Professor Nigel Vincent, FBA MAE
Professor Emeritus of General & Romance Linguistics
The University of Manchester

Linguistics & English Language
School of Arts, Languages and Cultures
The University of Manchester

https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/researchers/nigel-vincent(f973a991-8ece-453e-abc5-3ca198c869dc).html
________________________________
From: Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org>> on behalf of Randy LaPolla via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>>
Sent: 10 July 2024 2:23 PM
To: <LINGTYP at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:LINGTYP at listserv.linguistlist.org>> <LINGTYP at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:LINGTYP at listserv.linguistlist.org>>
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Evaluative morphology expressing "authenticity/prototypicality"

Mira’s message reminded me of an English example where repetition narrows the term to central/prototype inferences:

<image.png>

In case the image doesn’t come out, it is the tag line on Pepperidge Farms’ Captiva cookie:
“If you’re going to have a cookie, have a cookie”

Randy

On Jul 10, 2024, at 15:42, Mira Ariel via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>> wrote:

Dear Francesca and others,

I'm curious to know if these prototypicalization morphemes sometimes evolve an intensifying function later.

Bardenstein and I have a paper  in Studies in Language  46:2 (2022), where we trace the evolution of a number of intensifiers. Lo and behold, they evolve from expressions which narrow the application of the term to its central/prototpycal instances. Later on this narrower may evolve an intensifying function. We only discuss independent modifiers, but reduplication, even morphological one, can indicate intensification:

Hebrew:

Yafe        yafe                          
Beautiful   beautiful                       
'Central concept of beautiful (not 'more or less beautiful')'/'Very beautiful'        

Yefe.fe (lexical reduplication)                 
'Very beautiful'                             

Best,
Mira (Ariel)
________________________________
From: Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org>> on behalf of Riccardo Giomi via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>>
Sent: Tuesday, July 9, 2024 9:07 PM
To: lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org> <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>>
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Evaluative morphology expressing "authenticity/prototypicality"

Dear Francesca (and all),

Leti (Austronesian) has an "exactness" marker -- which again, actually appears to be a clitic, but anyway:

  1.  a.    N-tivl=e.                b.   N-tivla.
           3.SG-flap=EXCT              3.SG-flap
           ‘It flaps.’                     ‘It sort of flaps.’

  (2) a.    vuar=lalavn=e            b.   vuar=lalavn
          big=mountain=EXCT           big=mountain
          ‘a big mountain’               ‘a sort of a big mountain’

van Engelenhoven, Aone, 2004. Leti, a Language of Southwest Maluku (Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 211). KITLV Press, Leiden.

Best wishes,
Riccardo

Riccardo Giomi
Assistant Professor of Functional Linguistics
University of Amsterdam
Faculty of Humanities: Department of Linguistics
Spuistraat 134, 1012 VB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
________________________________
From: Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp-bounces at listserv.linguistlist.org>> on behalf of Christian Lehmann via Lingtyp <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>>
Sent: 09 July 2024 19:44
To: lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org> <lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org<mailto:lingtyp at listserv.linguistlist.org>>
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Evaluative morphology expressing "authenticity/prototypicality"

Dear Francesca,

Cabecar (Chibchan) has a a formative sí̱ with a twofold distribution:

a) As a derivational suffix on nouns, it means 'authentic', 'prototypical':

  1.  a. chíchi-sí̱

dog-auth

            ‘authentic dog’

b. ju-sí̱

house-auth

            ‘authentic/real/legitimate house (i.e. traditional Cabecar house)’
b) As an enclitic on adjectives, it means 'comparatively':

  1.  a. báá=sí̱

nice=cmpr

            ‘comparatively/truly nice’

b. daláá=sí̱

yellow=cmpr

            ‘genuinely yellow’

It fulfills this latter function in comparative constructions, too.

Best, Christian
--

Prof. em. Dr. Christian Lehmann
Rudolfstr. 4
99092 Erfurt
Deutschland
Tel.:
+49/361/2113417
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christianw_lehmann at arcor.de<mailto:christianw_lehmann at arcor.de>
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